Value of enzymatic examination of blood stains in determination of the period of gestation

The objective of this work is to establish the diagnostic efficiency of the determination of the ratio between heat-stable [H-S] and total [T] alkaline phosphatase activities in dry blood stains on an absorbent surface [Cotton Cloth] in cases of pregnancy. Blood samples were obtained from healthy adult males and nonpregnant females [Control group, 10 cases, 5 males and 5 females], pregnant females at different stages of pregnancy [30 samples, 10 in each trimester] and patients with elevated values of alkaline phosphatase [obstructive jaundice, 9 samples]. The blood stains were left at room temperature for different periods up to 6 months. The values of [H-S] and [T] alkaline phosphatase were measured in the serum of the control group and the blood stains of all groups and then we determined the ratio between them [H-S/T]. We found that the values of [H-S] and [T] alkaline phosphatase in the serum were higher than those in the blood stains of the control group but the ratio was the same. There was a statistically significant progressive rise in the ratios between [H-S] and [T] alkaline phosphatase in blood stains of pregnant females at different trimesters and a significant decreased ratio in the blood-stains of the group of obstructive jaundice. The same results were obtained with aged blood stains up to 6 months

Use of scanning electron microscopy in examination of seminal Stains

Samples of normal healthy human semen were obtained from venereal clinic in Assiut University Hospital. They were droped on different types of fabrics; paper, wood and glass objects of both light and dark colours. They were examined by Scanning electron microscopy [SEM] Joul T 200 in the unit of electron microscope Assiut University, at different periods after dropping from one day up to 13 months. From the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that this method for examination of seminal stain is a reliable, very rapid and simple technique for routine examination in cases of rape and other sexual offences to detect sperms in clothes and objects in he scence of the crime

Detection of zinc as a confirmatory test for identification of seminal stains

An extremely simple and qualitative method for the identification of seminal stains depends on the high level of zinc in human semen. PAN [1-[2-pyridylazo]-2-naphthol] which reacts with zinc to develop a bright pink color was used. The data presented included the sensitivity, stability and specificity of the results by using three procedures. Any method of the three procedures can be used for the identification of human semen even in old samples [three years old]