ABSTRACT
Introduction: Thyroid disorders are probably the mostcommon endocrinal disorders affecting the populationworldwide. Hypothyroidism is associated with obesity,dyslipidemia and increased atherosclerotic cardiovasculardisease. Hypothyroidism are associated with increasedcardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The present study wasplanned to study the cardiac dysfunction in hypothyroidismcases by using non-invasive method ECG and 2 D ECHO.Material and methods: A total of 100 patients withhypothyroidism were enrolled in the study.They were clinicallyevaluated and underwent relevant investigations,includingthyroid profile, ECG and 2D ECHO for cardiac abnormalities.Results: Mean age of patients was 40.45±13.03 years.Majority of patients were females (71%). There were only29% males. Male to female ratio of study population was0.41:1. Among 100 patients,on ECG abnormal findings wereseen in 57% cases. Bradycardia alone was the most commonECG abnormality affecting 27% of patients. 25% patientsshowed low voltage complexs. A total of 5% patients showedboth bradycardia and low voltage complex. On 2D ECHO,62% patients had normal findings. Abnormal findings wereseen in 38%. Among abnormal findings, the most commonwas mild pericardial effusion (18%) followed by LVDDGrade 1 (16%), LVDD Grade 1 with mild pericardial effusion(2%) and LVDD Grade 2 respectively.Conclusion: Cardiac dysfunction was found in hypothyroidpatients.
ABSTRACT
Aim: (i) To assess and compare the cardiovascular response in two sub-maximal exercise tests. (ii) to see correlation between cardiovascular response and anthropometric variables. Method: 125 males 18-25 years underwent first three stages of the original Bruce protocol in one session and exercise according to Treadmill jogging test in another session in randomised order. Heart rate, blood pressure and ECG were recorded before, during and after taking the treadmill test. Results: During the exercise heart rate and systolic BP rose and diastolic BP fell in both the tests. Correlation analysis showed highly significant positive correlation between BMI and pre-exercise systolic BP, post-exercise heart rate and post-exercise systolic BPin both the tests. ECG showed no significant ST/Tor rhythm changes during or after the exercise. Conclusion: Heart rate and BPchanges were more in Bruce submaximal exercise test as compared to treadmill jogging test. Higher BMI was found to be correlated with higher resting systolic BP, higher post-exercise heart rate as well as higher post-exercise systolic BP.
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Background: The current study was designed to evaluate cardio respiratory fitness in terms of VO2max in young healthy males and to correlate between body mass index and cardio respiratory fitness. Methods: One hundred twenty-five apparently healthy male subjects in the age group of 18 to 25 years were included in this study group. Body mass index was measured as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters square. Cardio respiratory fitness in terms of VO2max was predicted by following the protocol of Treadmill Jogging Test (TMJ). Results: There was a highly significant negative correlation between body mass index and VO2max, r = -0.75 p<0.0001. Conclusion: The result suggests that the reduced cardiac performance during progressive work rate exercise in obese individuals. Greater the BMI, more severe will be the functional impairment, suggesting excessive amount of body fat on cardio-respiratory functions and oxygen uptake by working muscles
ABSTRACT
Background: Renal resistive index (RRI) measured by Doppler ultrasonography has been associated with severity, rate of progression and mortality in chronic renal failure. Parameters like renal vascular resistance, filtration fraction and effective renal plasma flow have been associated with renal resistivity index in chronic kidney disease patients.Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2016 to August 2017. 100 patients with chronic kidney disease were enrolled. RRI was calculated from the blood flow velocities observed during Doppler examinations of the segmental arteries and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Spearman Rank-Order Correlation Coefficient was used.Results: A Significant inverse correlation was observed between RRI and eGFR (r= -0.347, p =0.0004). It was also observed that older age (r= 0.297), higher systolic blood pressure (r= 0.365), lower levels of hemoglobin (r= -0.34 for males and r= -0.353 for females) were observed to correlate with higher values of RRI in advanced CKD stages.Conclusions: RRI correlated inversely with eGFR in chronic kidney disease and hence was directly related to the severity of the disease.