ABSTRACT
Resumen En este artículo práctico, en base a preguntas y respuestas, se abordan las principales consultas formuladas a los especialistas, tales como ¿Porqué vacunar contra VPH? ¿Composición de la vacuna? ¿Cuáles son su eficacia y seguridad? ¿Deben vacunarse varones? y varias otras.
In this practical article, based on questions and answers, the main queries made to specialists are addressed, such as Why vaccinate against HPV? Composition of the vaccine? What are their effectiveness and safety? Should men be vaccinated? and several others.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Vaccination , Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Papillomavirus Vaccines/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Background: As alternative for patients that fear genital examination, we assessed adolescent's comfort and ease with self-collected samples for nucleic acid amplification testing for sexually transmitted infections. Patients and Methods: Sexually active Chilean adolescents and youth under 25 years (174 males and 117 females) were enrolled. Females used self-collected vaginal swabs and males collected first-stream urine. A satisfaction survey evaluating self-sampling system was applied. Results: Self-collection was considered easy in 99.3% of the interviewees (CI 95% 0.88-0.98). In women, 79.3% preferred vaginal self-collected samples than pelvic exam (CI 95% 0.73-0.85). In men, 80.3% preferred self-collected first-stream urine to urethral swabs (CI 95% 0.73-0.87). Assuming that self-collected sampling were available, 89.6% of women (CI 95% 0.85-0.94) and 93.2% of men (CI 95% 0.89-0.98) would be prone to be tested more often. Ease of self-collected sampling is not associated with age, gender, educational level or poverty. Conclusions: Chile currently does not have sexually transmitted infections surveillance or screening programs for youth and adolescents. Given self-collected sampling's good acceptability, it could be successfully used when these programs are implemented.
Introducción: Como alternativa para pacientes que temen al examen genital o para aquellos asintomáticos, se evaluó la satisfacción de adolescentes con el sistema de autotoma -muestra tomada por el propio paciente- para amplificación de ácidos nucleicos y determinación de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS). Material y Método: Se enrolaron 174 mujeres y 117 hombres menores de 25 años sexualmente activos. Las mujeres se realizaron autotoma con tórula vaginal. Los hombres, autotoma de orina de primer chorro. Se aplicó encuesta de satisfacción. Resultados: A 99,3%, le resultó fácil obtener muestras mediante autotoma (IC 95% 0,88-0,98). En mujeres, 79,3% prefirió la autotoma vaginal por sobre el examen pélvico (IC 95% 0,73-0,85). En hombres, 80,3% prefirió la autotoma de orina por sobre el hisopado uretral (IC 95% 0,73-0,87). Si la autotoma estuviera disponible, 89,7% de las mujeres (IC 95% 0,85-0,94) y 93,2% de los hombres (IC 95% 0,89-0,98) estarían dispuestos a someterse a un examen de ITS en forma más seguida. Encontrar fácil la autotoma no se asoció con edad, género, escolaridad ni pobreza. Conclusiones: Chile aún no tiene programas de vigilancia o detección de ITS para jóvenes y adolescentes. Dada la buena aceptabilidad de la autotoma, se podría emplear exitosamente cuando estos programas se implementen.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Specimen Handling/methods , Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial/diagnosis , Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data , Vaginal Smears/methods , Chile , Surveys and Questionnaires , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques , Urine Specimen Collection/methodsABSTRACT
Background: Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are common sexually transmitted diseases among young women and little has been doing to study them in Chilean adolescents. Aim: Determine the rates of C trachomatis and N gonorrhoeae in Chilean young women. Material and methods: Urine samples were obtained from 203 sexually active females under 25 year-old, who attended hospitals from either high or low-income areas in Chile's capital, Santiago. C trachomatis and Ngonorrhoeae were detected by nucleic acid amplification testing. Results: Seven percent of samples were positive for C trachomatis. AU samples were negative for N gonorrhoeae. Among pregnant women, 19 percent of samples were positive for C trachomatis, while non-pregnant women were positive on 5.5 percent (p =0.04). Systematic use of barrier contraception was referring by 12 percent of women. AU of the latter was free of C trachomatis. No association was observing between age, number of sexual partners, age of first sexual intercourse, and presence of uro-gynecological symptoms, socioeconomic status and the rate of C trachomatis. Conclusions: Seven percent of this group of Chilean young women was infected with C trachomatis. The figure rises to 19 percent if pregnant. Surveillance and screening programs should been implemented to prevent sequels on this vulnerable population.