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2.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 16(1): 32-35, 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-577486

ABSTRACT

Pigmented villonodular synovitis represents a benign synovial proliferation associated to hemosiderin deposits, which originates in bone joints, bursae or tendinous sheaths. The knee articulation is the most commonly involved joint (80 percent of the cases), followed by the hip joint. Normally, this pathology has a diffuse presentation, and a small percentage shows a localized form. PVNS displays very specific imaging features, which allows a good diagnostic approach when aided by different radiological techniques, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this report we describe an infrequent case of focal PVNS localized in the hip, which was treated at "Clínica Alemana", Santiago, Chile.


La sinovitis villonodular pigmentada (SVNP) es una proliferación sinovial benigna asociada a depósitos de hemosiderina, que se origina en articulaciones, bursas o vainas tendíneas. La articulación más comprometida es la rodilla (80 por ciento de los casos), seguida por la cadera. Normalmente, esta patología es de presentación difusa y en un menor porcentaje se da en forma focal. La SVNP posee características imaginológicas muy particulares, lo que permite una buena aproximación diagnóstica de la mano de los diferentes métodos radiológicos, en particular la resonancia magnética. En este reporte se describe un caso poco frecuente de SVNP focal en la cadera, que se presentó en la Clínica Alemana de Santiago.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Hip/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Arthroscopy , Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/surgery
3.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 15(3): 141-151, 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-577461

ABSTRACT

Spinal deformities affect a considerable number of individuals of all ages. The etiological spectrum is broad and in cases of severe deformities a surgical treatment may be required. In addition to clinical evaluation, full spine radiographs constitute a fundamental tool, both in the diagnostic process as well as in the therapeutic follow-up of these patients. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview on radiological assessment of spinal deformities, with an emphasis on scoliosis, by summarizing classical concepts and incorporating new ideas being developed in recent years, mainly due to the improvement and increased complexity of surgical management.


Las deformidades de columna vertebral afectan a un considerable número de individuos de todas las edades. Su espectro etiológico es amplio y en casos de deformidades severas, el manejo de éstas puede llegar a ser quirúrgico. Además de la evaluación clínica, la radiografía de columna total es un pilar fundamental, tanto en el proceso diagnóstico así como también en el control terapéutico de estos pacientes. El objetivo de este artículo es dar una visión integral de la evaluación radiológica de las deformidades de columna, con énfasis en las escoliosis, recapitulando conceptos clásicos como también incorporando nociones nuevas que se han desarrollado en los últimos años, debido principalmente al progreso y aumento de la complejidad de su manejo quirúrgico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Scoliosis , Spinal Curvatures , Scoliosis/classification , Scoliosis/etiology
4.
Pediatr. día ; 20(5): 14-19, nov.-dic. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-409771

ABSTRACT

El pronóstico y la posibilidad de sobrevida y curación en el cáncer han mejorado progresivamente en los últimos 20 a 30 años. En Chile, el avance y mejores resultados de sobrevida han sido evidentes desde la creación del grupo cooperativo nacional (PINDA) en 1988, siendo la sobrevida total de los niños oncológicos alrededor de 65 por ciento. El médico general juega un rol fundamental en la sospecha y diagnóstico precoz, pilares fundamentales para el tratamiento oportuno y buenos resultados. Revisaremos algunos conceptos generales de etiopatogenia, diagnóstico y tratamiento de los tumores sólidos en niños.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Abdominal Neoplasms , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Mediastinal Neoplasms , Germinoma , Liver Neoplasms , Lymphoma/blood , Lymphoma/therapy , Lymphoma , Neuroblastoma , Ovarian Neoplasms , Rhabdomyosarcoma , Survival Rate
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 130(6): 631-637, jun. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-317494

ABSTRACT

Background: Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetically based disorder caused by deletion of elastin and contiguous genes on chromosome 7q11.23. This syndrome is characterized by multiorganic involvement with dysmorphic facial features and a distinctive cognitive profile. It is an interesting model for elucidation of relationships between brain, cognition and genes. Patients have a visual-spatial cognition impaired with relative strengths in social and language abilities. Aim: To report clinical, cytogenetic, neurophysiological and neuroanatomic features in 44 patients referred as WS. Patients and methods: Forty four patients, aged 2 to 17 years, with the clinical diagnosis of Williams syndrome were studied with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In three cases, electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies were performed. Result: The deletion was confirmed in 23 patients. In three patients with neurophysiological studies, event related potentials suggested a cognitive difficulty in detecting and processing visual stimuli. Magnetic resonance imaging showed normal brain morphology. SPECT showed hypoperfusion of the right frontal lobe and bilateral anterior cingulum hyperperfusion. Conclusions: There are functional alterations in the brains of patients with Williams, which may be related to the cognitive deficits


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Child, Preschool , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods , Williams Syndrome/genetics , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon , Chromosome Deletion , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Evoked Potentials , Cytogenetic Analysis , Williams Syndrome/diagnosis , Williams Syndrome/physiopathology
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