ABSTRACT
The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the efficacy of two retreatment rotary systems in removal of gutta-percha [GP] and sealer from the root canal walls with and without use of solvent. Sixty single-canalled distal roots of mandibular molars were prepared and root filled with gutta-percha and AH26. Each canal was randomly allocated to receive one of the retreatment techniques, Mtwo R or ProTaper. The groups were further divided into two subgroups: with or without the use of solvent. The cleanliness of canal walls was determined by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that Mtwo R without the use of solvent was more efficient in material removal compared to ProTaper D [P<0.05]. Most remnants were found in the apical third of the canals [P<0.05]. Mtwo R seems to be an efficient rotary system for endodontic retreatment of root canal with GP