In-Hospital Outcome of Compromised Small Side Branch after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: Side branch occlusion is a well known complication of percutaneous coronary intervention. Although occlusion of small side branches is well tolerated, occlusion of larger side branches may cause more serious complications. After PCI the incidence of complications in patients with compromised side branches smaller than 2 mm is small. Compromising side branches larger than 2 mm can be accompanied by clinical outcomes as non Q-wave MI. This study was undertaken to assess the in-hospital outcomes of compromised small (<2mm) side branch after percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: This cross sectional analytical study was carried out in the department of cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka during the period of September 2011 to June 2012. A total of 100 consecutive patients with coronary artery disease who underwent elective PCI were included in the study. Study patients were divided into two groups on the basis of presence of compromised small (< 2 mm) side branch. In Group- I, small (< 2 mm) side branch were compromised after PCI and in Group- II, side branches were patent after PCI, with 50 patients in each group. In-hospital outcome were evaluated in both groups. Result: There were no significant differences of the baseline clinical demographics between two groups. Post PCI angina was higher in group I than group II (10.0% vs. 9.0%). Non ST elevation myocardial infarction and significant arrhythmia was identical in both groups (2.0% vs. 2.0%) but hypotension was more in group II than group I (4.0% vs. 2.0%). The findings were statistically insignificant between the study groups. There was no mortality, emergency CABG within 24 hours, ST elevation myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock or acute left ventricular failure during their hospital course in either group. Conclusion: The present study concluded that compromised small (<2mm) side branch after percutaneous coronary intervention was not associated with adverse in-hospital outcome.

Effects of Griseofulvin in the Treatment of Lichen Planus -A Study in BSMMU.

Lichen Planus (LP) is an inflammatory disorder of skin, mucous membranes, nails and hair. There are various modalities of treatment but none is curative. This prospective therapeutic trial was done among patients with lichen planus at the outpatient department of Dermatology & Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka between November 2001 and April 2002. Total 20 patients were taken of them 12 were male and 8 were female with male to female ratio 3:2. Age of the patients was between 10 to 50 years. Patients were diagnosed clinically & confirmed histologically. They were treated with griseofulvin 500 mg daily for 6 months. Out of 20 patients, 8 had only oral lesions, of them 2 (25%) showed complete response, 3(37.5%) showed moderate improvement and 4 (37.5%) showed no response. Other 12 patients had lichen planus involving skin without oral mucosa, of them 4 (33.3%) showed moderate improvement, 4 (33.3%) showed no response and 4 (33.3%) patients worsens with treatment. So, success in patients with cutaneous lichen planus is less likely; however, griseofulvin may afford relief in selected patients with oral lesion. This study indicates that further prospective placebo controlled studies are needed to clarify the efficacy of griseofulvin in lichen planus.

Pattern Of Skin Diseases In Patients Attending OPD Of Dermatology Department At Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh.

It is generally agreed that the pattern of skin diseases differs in different countries, and within various regions of a country depending on social, economic, racial and environmental factors. Many workers have reported various patterns of skin diseases in different countries. So far, no such report is available in our country for Faridpur region. To fill the lacunae we decided to undertake a retrospective study of the skin disease pattern in this tertiary hospital of Faridpur, Bangladesh. All the newly diagnosed cases attending the OPD of Dermatology and Venereology, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, during the period of one year starting from 1st July 2007 to 30th June, 2008 were included in the study. Diagnosi s was done on clinical grounds and laboratory investigations were done whenever required. Eczema (19.2%), fungal infections (17.26%), scabies (15.16%) and pyodermas (7.59%) were the major skin diseases. STD's accounted for (0.73%) of the cases. Genodermatoses (0.01%) formed the minimal number of cases. Eczema was the commonest group of disorders. Out of the infective skin disorders fungal infections were the commonest group. Genodermatoses formed the least number of cases.

Binding of diclofenac sodium with bovine serum albumin at different temperatures, pH and ionic strengths.

The study was designed to examine the binding of diclofenac sodium with bovine serum albumin (BSA) at different temperatures (20 degrees, 30 degrees and 40 degrees C), pH (6.4, 7.4 and 8.4) and ionic strengths (micro = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) by means of equilibrium dialysis method. The concentration of diclofenac sodium was maintained at wider range from 15 to 900 micromole/l and BSA concentration was maintained at 61.5 micromole/l. The data obtained were interpreted by nonlinear regression method using Graphpad prism software. The analysis showed that the interaction between diclofenac sodium with BSA results in two-site saturable binding. A decrease in association constant was observed with increasing temperature. The average standard free energy change (deltaGdegrees) value was -7.07 (site I) and -4.2 (site II) Kcal/mol. The standard enthalpy change (deltaHdegrees) and the standard entropy change (deltaSdegrees) were -7.8 Kcal/mole, -2.35 cal/mole (site I) and -7.4 Kcal/mole, -10.5 cal/mole (site II), respectively. The negative enthalpy change suggested the binding between diclofenac sodium and the binding sites of BSA were spontaneous and exothermic. The negative value of deltaHdegrees and deltaSdegrees indicated hydrogen bonding and van der Waal's force was the major mechanism for diclofenac sodium and BSA interaction. Increase in pH and ionic strength also caused decrease in association constant of diclofenac sodium and BSA binding.

Molecular biology of tubulin: Its interaction with drugs and genomic organization.

Microtubules are ubiquitous cellular structures found in eukaryotic organisms and responsible for a variety of functions. These functions include mitosis, motility, cytoskeletal architecture, intracellular transport and secretion. The major structural component of microtubules is tubulin, a dimeric protein molecule consisting of two similar but nonidentical subunits (α and β) each of about molecular weight 55,000. With the introduction of radioactive colchicine for the first time it has been reported that colchicine binds specifically to tubulin. At this point microtubule research stepped up to a new era linking microtubules with other spindle poisons which are structurally diverse as well as binding at different sites on to the tubulin heterodimer. These antimicrotubular agents have already provided valuable information regarding microtubule-mediated cellular functions and its association and dissociation phenomena. Tubulins appear to be conserved proteins based on in vitro copolymerization and comigration on polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic properties. Further, amino acid sequences of both α and β subunits from a variety of sources also appear to be mostly conserved. The evolutionary conservation of tubulin genes is highly reflected at the nucleic acid level as well. The estimation of the number of genes for tubulin and their organization in a variety of organisms have opened up a new dimension to microtubule and tubulin research. The multigene family for tubulins comprising also pseudogenes is suggestive that more than one gene for each α and β tubulin is functional in the cell. Therefore, it has been speculated that different tubulin gene products contribute to functionally different microtubules at specific stages in cell cycle and cell growth. Heterogeneity in both α and β tubulins has already been established during different stages of development of the cell. Obviously, it reflects that tubulin genes are highly regulated and this regulation might be at the transcriptional and/or translational level. Whatever is the actual control mechanism it appears that cells can detect an enhanced pool of depolymerized subunits and a rapid and specific control in tubulin gene expression at the transcriptional and/or post transcriptional level does occur.

Colchicine binding activity of rat brain polysomes.

In this communication, we report the presence of a unique colchicinebinding activity in the polysomes of rat brain. This drug-binding property, is somewhat similar to that of tubulin isolated from many sources; however, it differs in several biochemical characteristics such as (i) thermal stability of colchicine-binding site, (ii) protection of binding site by vinblastine and (iii) time required for binding equilibration. Such binding of colchicine to the polysomes is most probably due to the presence of a nascent peptide chain of tubulin in the polysome.