ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Tens of trillions of microorganisms constitute the gut microbiota of the human body. The microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining host immunity and metabolism. Analyses of the gut microbial composition in Korea are limited to a few studies consisting of small sample sizes. To investigate the gut microbial community in a large sample of healthy Koreans, we analyzed the 16S ribosomal RNA of 4 representative bacterial genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Clostridium. METHODS: A total of 378 DNA samples extracted from 164 infants and 214 adults were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA of 4 representative bacterial genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Clostridium showed that the gut microbiota in infants had higher relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus than that in adults, which was dominated by Bacteroides and Clostridium. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study evaluating the distinct characteristics of the microbial community of Korean infants and adults. The differences between the 2 populations suggest that external factors such as age, diet, and the environment are important contributing factors to the change in gut microbial composition during development.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Infant , Bacteroides , Bifidobacterium , Clostridium , Diet , DNA , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Human Body , Korea , Lactobacillus , Metabolism , Microbiota , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S , Sample Size , Transcutaneous Electric Nerve StimulationABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Leukemia, Plasma Cell/complications , Leukocytosis , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphoma, T-Cell/complications , Paraproteinemias/complications , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate any difference of ultrasound findings for palpable and nonpalpable breast cancers. METHODS: Two hundred breast cancer patients that had undergone preoperative ultrasound and surgery were enrolled in the study. A total of 126 cancers were palpable, and the remaining 74 cancers were nonpalpable. We compared lesion characteristics using ultrasound images according to the BI-RADS(R)-Ultrasound guidelines of the American College of Radiology. A crude odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for a comparison of the palpable and nonpalpable breast cancers. RESULTS: Nonpalpable cancers displayed more often an oval shape (OR=0.35, 95% CI=0.17-0.70), no posterior acoustic features (OR=0.50, 95% CI=0.28-0.89), and a parallel orientation (OR=0.50, 95% CI=0.28-0.89). An irregular shape (OR=2.98, 95% CI=1.60-5.54), a spiculated margin (OR=2.66, 95% CI=1.23-5.74), and a combined pattern of posterior acoustic features (OR=7.20, 95% CI=1.64-31.66) were more commonly observed in the palpable cancers. CONCLUSION: Palpable and nonpalpable breast cancers were found to have different ultrasound characteristics.