Comparison of insertion torque regarding changes in shape, diameter, and length of orthodontic miniscrews / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to measure the insertion torque of orthodontic miniscrews regarding changes in their shape, diameter, and length. METHODS: Torque values were measured during continuous insertion of the miniscrews into solid rigid polyurethane foam, using a torque tester of driving motor type with a regular speed of 3 rpm. Orthodontic miniscrews (Biomaterials Korea, Seoul, Korea) of cylindrical type and taper type were used. RESULTS: Increasing the length and diameter of the miniscrews increased the maximum insertion torque value in both cylindrical and taper type screws. Insertion torque was increased at the incomplete head of the cylindrical type screw, and at the tapered part of the taper type screw. The insertion torque value of miniscrews was influenced most by diameter, then shape and length. As a result, it was shown that the diameter of the screw had the most influence on insertion torque, and the taper type screw had a higher torque value than the cylindrical type screw. CONCLUSION: Therefore, a large diameter or taper type screw are adequate for areas of thin cortical bone with a large interdental space, and a small diameter or cylindrical type screw are adequate in the mandibular molar area or the midpalatal area having thick cortical bone.

A study on the postoperative stability of hard tissue in orthognathic surgery patients depending on the difference of occlusal plane / 대한치과교정학회지

In orthognathic surgery to obtain proper functional and esthetic form after skeletal discrepancy treatment, precise diagnosis and treatment plan are essential. Especially in two jaw surgeries that have serious upper and lower jaw problems, maxilla and mandible are arranged in three dimensions. Based on the maxillary rearrangement, mandibular sagittal and transverse position are determined, and thus new occlusal plane is established. The object of this study is to evaluate the stability of the individual ideal occlusal plane based on the architectural and structural craniofacial analysis of Delaires. The subjects of this study were 48 patients who underwent two jaw surgeries, and they were equally divided into two groups. A and B. A group was operated with ideal occlusal plane and B group was not. Two groups were compared at the preoperative, immediate postoperative (average 4.3days). and long-term postoperative (average 1.3years) lateral cephalometric radiographs. The following results were obtained : 1. ANS was lower than that of PNS for both A and B after the surgery. That is, maxilla and mandible are rotated in posterior and superior direction. 2. Significances were found between T2 and T3 for both a and B are HRP-Me at vertical measurements, articular angle(p<0.01), gonial angle(p< 0.01), and Mn. plane angle(p<0.05) at angular measurement. Mn. plane angle is increased at HRP-Me is decreased for both A and B 3. There is no significance in skeletal stability after the surgery between group A and B. 4. Horizontal movements of B and Pog by surgery have statistically significant inverse correlations with horizontal relapse of B and Pog, and vertical relapse of PNS, as well as Mn. plane angle, and gonial angle after the surgery.

Severe Hypercapnia Occurred by Anesthetized Child with Treated Bronchitis during an Operation for Bilateral Hutch's Diverticulum of Bladder: A case report / 대한마취과학회지

A 23-month-old male patient with treated bronchitis underwent a surgery for the repair of bilateral Hutch's diverticulum of bladder under general anesthesia. He treated bronchitis during 2 weeks since 3 weeks before operation. Arriving operating room, he had mild coughing with sputum. During anesthesia, he was well ventilated but endotracheal secretion was profuse. At ABGA of 2 hours after starting anesthesia, severe hypercapnea(PaCO2: 190.2 mmHg) and severe acidosis(PH: 6.746) were checked. Active treatment was done by suction of endotracheal secretion, hyperventilation, PEEP(5~10 cmH2O), increasing fresh gas flow rate(3.6 L/min --> 7 L/min), and administration of sodium bicarbonate, orciprenaline sulfate and methyl- prednisolone. After 3 hours of treatment, ABGA was normalized and symptoms including wheezing were relieved.

A study on the postoperative stability of occiusal plane in orthognathic surgery patients depending on the difference of oclusal plane / 대한치과교정학회지

Surgical-orthodontic treatment is performed for the skeletal Class Ill patients with no remaining growth and too big a skeletal discrepancy for camouflage treatment, and two jaw surgery is needed in order to have maximum effect in such patients. In two jaw surgery cases, surgical alteration of the occlusal plane is necessary to establish optimal function, esthetics and postoperative sabihty, therefore the establishment of the ocdusal plane is essential in diagnosis and treatment. The object of this study is to evaluate the stability of the indiviual ideal occlusal plane bsaed on the architectural and structural craniofacial analysis of Delaires. Thus, the subjects of this study were 48 patients who underwent two jaw surgery, and divided in two groups. Each group were composed of 24patients, A group were operated with ideal occlusal plane and B group were not Two groups were compared at the preoperative, immediate postoperative (average 4.3davs), and long-term postoperative (average 1.3years) lateral cephalometric radiographs. The following results wen obtained: 1. There was no significance in occlusal plane angulation between T(2) and T(3) Average long term follow-up changes of occlusal plane angle were 0.24degrees+/-2.43, with FH plane and O.15degrees+/-2.16degrees with SIN plane in all 48 patients. These results demonstrated that the occlusal plane after two jaw surgery in skeletal Class III malocclusion was stable. 2. There was no significance in postoperative stability of occlusal plane between A and B group. 3. There was no significance in postoperative stability of occlusal plane depending on surgeon and operative method within each group. 4. The postoperative changes of occlusal plane were. correlated to the postoperative changes of jaw rather than tooth position. 5. There was no correlation between the postoperative changes of occlusal plane and maxillary impaction and mandibular setback with surgery.

Prolonged Urinary Retention following Continuous Epidural Infusion of Morphine and Fentanyl Using Continuous Drug Infusor: A case report / 대한마취과학회지

Epidural injection of morphine is widely used for relief of postoperative pain. However urinary retention, the side effect, following epidural morphine is troublesome for patient. A 45 year old male patient was admitted due to avascular necrosis of right hip joint and received bipolar endoprosthesis under continuous epidural anesthesia with 2% lidocaine 15 ml. In recovery room after operation, we applied 2 day,s continuous drug infusor (Baxter Infusor(R), Baxter Healthcare Co., USA) with morphine 2 mg and fentanyl 300 g in saline through epidural catheter. At 2 hour after operation, morphine 2 mg was added to the continuous drug infusor due to severe surgical pain. In ward, at 5 hour, he complained of voiding difficulty and abdominal distension. At 6 hour, Nelaton catheter was inserted and 1000 ml of urine was voided. On the 1st postoperative day, the continuous drug infusor was removed and he received naloxone 0.1 mg, two times, intravenously. But voiding difficulty was persisted. Intermittent Nelaton catheter or indwelling Foley catheter was inserted alternatively. Bethanechol chloride (Besacholine(R)) 15~90 mg/day and prazosin hydrochloride (Minipress(R)) 2~3 mg/day were administered orally and hot bag was applied on lower abdomen. On the 25th postoperative day, he was ultimately released from voiding difficulty and discharged without any problems. We suggested that the causes of urinary retention were bladder atony by overdistention of the bladder and contraction of internal urethral sphincter following epidural anesthesia, surgical pain and immobilization.

A study on the change of Streptococcus mutans in saliva by Cariescreen after use of 0.05% NaF in orthodontic patients / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of gargling solution with 0.05% NaF and 10% Xylitol in orthodontic patients with fixed appliance. The sample consisted of 30 adolescent patients who were classified into an experimental group and a control group, 15 patients each. Experimental group was used experimental gargling solution and the control group was used with placebo solution. The change of S. mutans in saliva was observed by Cariescreen(R) SM kit at pre and post 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks. The results were as follows. 1. There were significant reduction in the number of S. mutans in saliva between pre and post 2 weeks(p<0.01), 4 weeks(p<0.05), 6 weeks(p<0001), and 8 weeks(p<0001) in experimental group. And significant reduction also were observed in the number of Ss mutans in saliva between post 2 weeks, 6 weeks(p<0.05), and 8 weeks(p<0.05), but no significant reduction were showed in control group. 2. There were significant correlation in the number of S. mutans between each measurement time(pre and post 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks) in control group. 3. There weee no correlation between pre and post 2 weeks, but significant correlation were observed between 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks in experimental group.

A study on the change of streptococcus mutans in dental plaque after use of 0.05% NaF in orthodontic patients / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of gargling solution with 0.05% NaF and 10% Xylitol in orthodontic patients with fixed appliance. The sample consisted of 20 patients who were classified into an experimental group and a control group, 10 patients each. Experimental group was used experimental gargling solution and the control group was used with placebo solution. The results were as follows. 1. There were significant reduction in the number of S. mutans C.F.U. between pre and post 3 weeks(p<0.01), 9 weeks(p<0.05) in experimental group. 2. There were significant reduction in the ration of S. mutans C.F.U. to total C.F.U between pre and post 3, 6, 9 weeks(p<0.01) in experimental group. 3. S. mutans, which were reduced until 3 weeks, did not show significant change after 3, 6, 9 weeks. 4. S. mutans were strongly suppressed until 3 weeks after gargling solution with 0.05% NaF and 10% Xylitol.

Semi-longitudinal study on growth and development of children aged 6 to 17 Part III : Growth change of craniofacial hard tissue / 대한치과교정학회지

Orthodontic patients are individuals that grow and develop; therefore selection of the proper time for orthodontic treatment is considered to be one of most difficult and yet difficult factor. Since the development of cephalometric X -ray, amount and pattern of craniofacial growth change with aging could be predicted and be came useful in the process of orthodontic treatment. The relationship between the mean values of cephalometric measurements and body height and weight was studied among the groupstboys and girls) of Korean children from the ages 6--years to 17-years. 409 boys and 437 girls with no abnormality in growth and development and no history of orthodontic treatment from the ages of 6 years to 17 years were chosen as subjects: Cephaloment X -ray were taken for 3 years and hard tissue analysis based on Burstone's COGS, which was devided into measurements of 6 parts(Cranial base, Maxillar and Mandible, Dental measurements). The relationship between craniofacial growth and height & weight was studied. The following conclusions were obtained: 1. The maximum growth in the measurements of cranial base, N-Ar(FH), N-Ba(FH) corresponded with the age with the maximum increase in body height & weight in both boys and girls. 2. Gonial angle gradually decreased with aging in both boys and girls. 3. N-ANS(L) showed greater amount of growth than ANS-Ne(L), and this had greater influence on facial profile. 4. N-A-Pogdegrees decreased with aging, and mandibular growth exceeded maxillary growth in amount and rate. 5. Length of Y-axis increased, but Y-axis to FH plane remained constant. This show that mandible grows at a constant angulation to cranial base. 6. As permanent teeth erupt, interincisal angle deceased.

A Case Report of Cerebral Infarction Following General Anesthesia / 대한마취과학회지

We experienced a case of aeute cerebral infaretion after operation. A 74 year old female patient slipped down and received left femoral neck fracture. Preoperatively, orthopedist, internist and anesthesiologist visited and evaluated her but could not find any suspicious symptoms related to cerebral infarction. She have suffered from hypertension and diabetes mellitus for 1Q yrs. She underwent bipolar endoprosthesis under general anesthesia. Postoperatively, she became deep drowsy and revealed respiratory depression, abnormal neurological sign and was diagnosed as acute cerebral infartion on cranial computed tomography and ultimately expired.