Meta-Analysis of the Research Findings Concerning Functional Relationships of Explanatory Variables to Hope / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to meta-analyze the relationships of major concepts, which were made by synthesizing similar explanatory variables into more comprehensive concepts, to hope. METHOD: The relevant researches from Jan 1980 to Dec 2003, performed in adults or adult patients, were collected. Using the SAS program, meta-analysis were done with the input data of the number of subjects, the correlation coefficients provided from most of the studies or a few transformed correlation coefficients from F value. In order to get the analysis to be done in homogeneous status of the data regarding each relationship of each major concept to hope(p>0.05), heterogeneous data were eliminated in repeating Q-test. RESULT: The major variable regarding relationship to self/transcendental being/life(spiritual wellbeing & self esteem) and social support(social support & family support) have very large positive effects on hope(D(_)=1.72, D(_)=1.27). The negative effect of the variable regarding captive state(uncertainty in illness, perceived unhealthiness status, & fatigue) and positive effect of coping(approach coping) on hope are in the level between moderate to large(D(_)=-0.61,D(_)=0.78). All the effects of the major concepts on hope were verified as significant statistically(p=.000). The Fail -Safe numbers showed the significant effects of the three major concepts except coping on hope were reliable. CONCLUSION: The results can be a guide to advance hope theory for nursing.

Influences of Perceived Treatment Effect and Perceived Physical Suffering on Hope of Cancer Patients in Post-operative Period / 성인간호학회지

PUPPOSE: The purposes of the study were 1) to examine what relationships exist between PTE(perceived treatments effect) and PPS (perceived physical suffering) as the independent variables and hope as the dependent variable and 2) to examine whether PTE and PPS predict hope in cancer patients in their post-operative period within the Stotland's hope theory. METHOD: The Visual Analog Scale was used for measuring PTE and PPS and the Kim and Lee's Hope Scale which had acceptable reliability and validity was used for measuring hope. The data was collected from 38 hospitalized cancer patients who were in the post-operative period with a convenient sampling method. RESULT: There was a significant positive relationship between hope and the PTE in the low PTE group. There was a significant negative relationship between hope and the PPS in the low PPS group. There were no significant relationships between hope and the PTE in the high PTE group, and between hope and the PPS in the high PPS group. And the PTE explained hope with 71.2% of the variance in the low PTE group. CONCLUSION: PTE in the low PTE group and PPS in the low PPS group were identified as the factors to explain hope.

Effects of Preoperative Midazolam and Ketorolac Tromethamin Treatment in Septoplasty / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study was to investigate the effect of preoperative administration of midazolam and ketorolac for postoperative pain and antegrade amnesia in septoplasty under local anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 40 patients who underwent septoplasty under local anesthesia. The patients were divided into four groups, each consisting 10 patients (N=40). The groups received different treatment, with the first group receiving ketorolac, the second group ketorolac and diazepam, and the third group ketorolac and midazolam. The fourth group received midazolam only. Postoperative pain was evaluated according to Verbal Rating Pain Scores (VRP), and Visual Analogue Pain Scores (VAS) at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after operation. Antegrade amnesia was evaluated also. RESULTS: Postoperative pain was decreased at 6, 12, 24 hours in the third and fourth group. Antegrade amnesia was noted in the third and fourth group. The third group showed strong antegrade amnesia. CONCLUSION: Preoperative administration of ketorolac and midazolam were effective for postoperative pain and antegrade amnesia in septoplasty.