ABSTRACT
Aim: The present study was conducted to survey the potential cytotoxic influence of freeze-dried aqueous extract of its fruits on gastrointestinal cell lines, namely AGS [human gastric carcinoma] and KYSE30 [human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
Background: Rosemary [Rosmarinus officinalis] is a wild medicinal plant shown to have anticancer activity. Carnosic and rosmarinic acids are compounds, obtained from it through several extraction methods
Methods: The aqueous extract of the fruits of R.officinalis was freeze-dried, and KYSE30 and AGS cancer cell lines were treated with crude extract. Cytotoxic effect of the extracts on the cell lines was examined using 3-[4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide [MTT] and neutral red assay. Apoptotic cells were detected with ethidium bromide/acridine orange [EB/AO]. Cell-cycle distributions were evaluated by flow cytometry
Results: IC50 values were 4.1, 1.8 and 1.3 mg/mL for AGS cell lines after 24, 48 and 72 hours by MTT assay, respectively, and 4.4, 2.1 and 1.1 mg/mL by neutral red assay, respectively. IC50 values for KYSE30 cell lines were 600, 180 and 150 mg/mL after 24, 48 and 72 hours by MTT assay, and 860, 270 and 230 mg/mL by neutral red. EB/AO staining increased in apoptotic cells. After 24 h of treatment at different concentrations, significant increases and decreases in population were shown at G2/M and G1 phases, respectively
Conclusion: The aqueous extract of the fruits of R.officinalis was freeze-dried, and KYSE30 and AGS cancer cell lines were treated with crude extract. Cytotoxic effect of the extracts on the cell lines was examined using 3-[4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide [MTT] and neutral red assay. Apoptotic cells were detected with ethidium bromide/acridine orange [EB/AO]. Cell-cycle distributions were evaluated by flow cytometry