ABSTRACT
A 64-year-old woman was admitted with vertebral osteomyelitis and polyarthritis (both knees and the right shoulder). She had had no health problems before these conditions developed. Joint culture grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. During hospitalization, hematuria, proteinuria, azotemia, and decreased C3 were reported. The renal biopsy showed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with C3 and IgA co-dominant deposits on immunofluorescence staining. Following incision and drainage of the right shoulder and right knee, and intravenous vancomycin for 15 weeks, the C-reactive protein, proteinuria, hematuria, and C3 level all normalized. Here, we report a case of Staphylococcus-associated glomerulonephritis with a brief review of the literature.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Arthritis , Azotemia , Biopsy , C-Reactive Protein , Drainage , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Glomerulonephritis , Hematuria , Hospitalization , Immunoglobulin A , Joints , Knee , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Osteomyelitis , Proteinuria , Shoulder , VancomycinABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Abnormalities in various subcortical regions have been reported in previous structural neuroimaging studies for schizophrenia. To understand the subcortical abnormalities as a whole, all subcortical regions should be explored in each subject unlike most previous studies. Here, we explored major subcortical structures using volume measurement and shape analysis for schizophrenic patients (SZ), their unaffected siblings (Sib) and healthy controls without affected sibling (HC). METHODS: Structural magnetic resonance images were acquired from 24 SZ, 24 Sib and 19 HC. Both segmentation and shape analysis for subcortical structures was performed using FMRIB Integrated Registration and Segmentation Tool integrated within the FSL software. The group comparison of subcortical volumes was performed with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). RESULTS: In SZ group, shape deformities were observed in the left nucleus caudates, left thalamus, left putamen and bilateral pallidus were increased compared with HC group. In Sib group, shape deformities were observed in the left pallidus, left putamen and left putamen was decreased compared with HC group. In Sib group, left nucleus accumbens was increased compared with SZ group. CONCLUSION: The result of this study using volume measurement and shape analysis suggest that subcortical structural abnormalities in cortico-striato-pallido-thalamic and reward circuits are related with both the pathology of schizophrenia and genetic predisposition.