ABSTRACT
Background: HIV is the most common risk factor for reactivation of latent TB and is associated with increased rate of progression of infection to disease. Radiological presentation of TB is variable in both HIV [-] and HIV [+] patients but is more in the latter. In this study we describe and analyze radiological presentation of TB/HIV patients in Massih Daneshvari hospital in IRAN
Materials and Methods: We registered the demographic, clinical and laboratory information of TB/HIV patients in Massih Daneshvari hospital between 2002-2003. Inclusion criteria were standard serologic test for HIV [Two positive Elisa test and one positive westernblot test] and proof of TB with clinical and mycobacteriologic or pathologic criteria. Chest x-ray was reported by pulmonary imaging specialist and was divided to two category: Typical [fibrocavitary infiltration in posteroapical segment of upper lobes] and atypical [opacity in middle and lower lobe, hilar and mediastinal adenopathy, pleural effusion, diffuse nodular opacity and normal X-ray]. Findings were analyzed using SPSS version 10.5
Results: 15 patients, 13 men [86.7%] and 2 women were included. Mean [ +/- SD] of CD4 count was 229.15 +/- 199.45. 53.3% of patients had adenopathy, 26.7% had pleural effusion. Only one patient had cavitary disease. Radiographic pattern was typical in one [6.7%] and atypical in 93.3% of patients. In regard to severity of radiological presentation, mild; moderate and severe pattern was seen in 40%, 26.7% and 33.3% respectively. There was no correlation between severity of radiological presentation and death [p=0.8] and severity of radiological presentation and CD4 count [p=0.53]
Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that in spite of some other studies, radiological presentation had not direct correlation with CD4 count; thus, in HIV+ patient, we must consider TB in all atypical radiological presentation regardless of CD4 count
ABSTRACT
Background: Lung cancer is the second common malignancy in human. Human papillomavirus [HPV] has a well established association with squamous cell carcinoma of anogenital region. This study was performed in Massih Daneshvari hospital, between 1999 and 2003 to evaluate association of human papillomavirus type 16 and 18 in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung among Iranian patients
Materials and Methods: Paraffin embedded block of pathology archive of Massih Daneshvari hospital with diagnosis of SCC were selected for determination of HPV DNA by semi-nested PCR. For each specimen, all hematoxyline-eosin stained slides were reviewed by two pathologists; if the initial slide was inappropriate, a new slide was prepared. All inadequate specimens were excluded from the study
Results: 18 out of 45 paraffin- embedded specimens with diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma were selected. Six specimens were positive for HPV type 16, and 2 were positive for HPV type 18. None of the specimens was shown to have concurrent positivity of HPV types 16 and 18
Conclusion: The present study showed that high risk HPV was associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and more prevalent type was HPV 16. We suggest further investigations to evaluate this relationship
ABSTRACT
Background: Tuberculosis [TB] is one of the commonest infectious diseases of our era; it is the second cause of death due to infectious diseases after AIDS. Studies have shown the significant effect of leukocyte integrins such as LFA-1and ICAM-1 on the function of macrophages against TB bacilli; increasing their activity during the process of TB infection. The objective of this research is to evaluate the changes observed in serum levels of SICAM-1 in pulmonary TB patients that had received treatment
Materials and Methods: All new pulmonary TB cases that had not received any treatment, did not suffer from any kind of co-existing or underlying disorders such as hepatitis, sarcoidosis, lung cancer, HBV, HCV and HIV infections, chronic renal failure, cirrhosis, malnutrition, collagen vascular disorders and had not consumed immunosuppressive agents, were enrolled in this study. The SICAM-1 levels of the cases were measured by ELISA method before and 2 months after treatment with standard anti-TB drugs [Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol and Pyrazinamide] at the same time. T - test was used to compare the two sets of values of SICAM-1 levels before and 2 months after therapy
Results: A total of 28 patients; 23 [82.1%] male and 5[17.9%] female cases were enlisted .Meanwhile, 50% of the patients were Iranian and the remaining had Afghan nationality. All of them were sputum smear and culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Regarding the extent of pulmonary involvement as shown on lung CT-Scan, 68% demonstrated diffuse pulmonary involvement. The mean SICAM-1 level before the initiation of treatment was 554.17 +/- 202.85 ng/ml. Considering age, sex ratio, ESR level, PPD test and severity of lung involvement, the SICAM-1 levels did not show any significant differences in different groups of patients. Among the patients enrolled in the study we were able to follow the seventeen patients [61%] who completed 2 months of treatment. The mean level of SICAM-1 before and after treatment in these patients were 573.9 +/- 204.4 and 481.2 +/- 103.2 ng/ml, respectively [P <0.05]
Conclusion: SICAM-1 is considered as one of the inflammatory mediators that undergoes fluctuations during TB disease; its level is very much related to the extent of lung involvement. Since the level of this marker declines after therapy, it could be used as a "Serum marker "in evaluating the therapeutic response observed during the follow- up. Abbreviations: SICAM: Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule, ICAM: Intercellular Adhesion Molecule, LFA: Leukocyte Function Antigen