ABSTRACT
Head trauma and brain injuries are common causes of emergency admission and usually predispose multiple psychiatric complications. In turn, the traumas often occur after some psychiatric disorders. Therefore, the complicated interaction of these factors often causes difficulties in diagnosis and management of the patients. The side effects of surgical and medical treatments may also complicate these processes more, as well. In this study, we present a case of a young patient with these complex factors and discuss the diagnosis and management
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Comorbidity , Delirium , Bipolar Disorder , Mental DisordersABSTRACT
Electroconvulsive therapy [ECT] is one of the most efficacious treatment for major depressive disorder [MDD], it is also used as a rapid and efficacious treatment for other psychiatric disorders, especially treatment resistant ones. The cognitive impairment is one of the most important side effects of ECT. This study examined the Memoral herbal efficacy in prevention of ECT-induced memory impairment. In a randomized clinical trial, 70 patients with mood disorders who were candidates for ECT enrolled in either Memoral or Control group, and received either Memoral or placebo. The memory was assessed by Addenbrook Cognitive Examination [ACE], and the findings were analyzed by ANOVA under SPSS18. The Memoral group patients showed significantly higher total ACE scores than placebo group [P < 0.001]. The scores of attention and orientation, verbal fluency and memory subscales not only never decreased during the study in Memoral group, but also increased. There was no significant difference between these scores of Memoral and placebo groups for the subscales of language and visuospacial ability. The Memoral herbal is an efficacious and safe choice in prevention of ECT-induced cognitive impairment
ABSTRACT
Patients with conversion disorder may be seen by different specialists in various clinics and emergency situations. However, there are not sufficient studies on the most effective treatment for this disabling illness. In a clinical trial, we compared four treatment strategies; muscle relaxation, suggestion, hypnosis and intravenous diazepam infusion, in 80 patients with acute conversion disorder. Speed of recovery and number of the recurrences in a month following different treatment options were compared among groups. Recovery was significantly quicker with muscle relaxation compared to hypnosis and diazepam infusion. In patients with comorbidity of major depressive disorder, recovery was even faster. There was no statistically significant differences in the number of remissions or relapses among the four groups. All the four different treatment strategies brought about significant recovery. However, after treating patients with muscle relaxation, recovery was faster compared to other treatment methods
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Treatment Outcome , Diazepam , Hypnosis , Muscle Relaxation , SuggestionABSTRACT
Glutamate antagonists including anticonvulsant topiramate have been recommended for the pharmacological management of schizophrenia. A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial was performed on 32 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia [18-45 years old]. Baseline information was gathered on demographic characteristics, vital signs, height, weight, smoking habit, [past] psychiatric history, drug history and adverse effects to medication. Patients were randomly assigned to topiramate group [n=16] or placebo one [n=16]. Positive and negative syndrome scale [PANSS] was administered on each patient at baseline, on days 28 and 56. The mean total PANSS score in topiramate group was 96.87 [85.37-108.37] at baseline, 85.68 [74.67-96.70] on day 28 and 76.87[66.06-87.69] on day 56. These were 101.87 [90.37-113.37], 100.31 [89.29- 111.32] and 100.56 [89.74-111.37] respectively in placebo group. General linear model for repeated measure analysis showed that topiramate has lowered PANSS score significantly. Significant decline was also found in all three PANSS components [negative, positive and psychopathology symptoms]. Topiramate can therefore be used as an effective add-on medication in treating schizophrenia