Introducing crucial protein panel of gastric adenocarcinoma disease

Aim: Since interactome analysis of diseases can provide candidate biomarker panel related to the diseases, in this research, proteinprotein interaction [PPI] network analysis is used to introduce the involved crucial proteins in Gastric adenocarcinoma [GA]

Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma [GA] is the most common type of stomach cancer. There is no efficient diagnostic molecular method for GA

Methods: Applying Cytoscape software 3.4.0 and String Database, the PPI network was constructed for 200 genes. Based on centrality parameters, the critical nodes were screened. Gene ontology of the key proteins for pathway analysis and molecular function processing were done and the highlighted pathways and activities were discussed

Results: Among 200 initial genes, 141 genes were included in a main connected network. Seven crucial proteins, including tumor protein p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, albumin, v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog [avian], v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, v-src sarcoma [Schmidt-Ruppin A-2] viral oncogene homolog [avian] and catenin [cadherin-associated protein], beta 1, 88kDa, and Myogenic differentiation 1, were introduced as key nodes of the network. These identified proteins are mostly involved in pathways and activities related to cancer

Conclusion: In conclusion, the finding is corresponding to the significant roles of these introduced proteins in GA disease. This protein panel may be a useful probe in the management of GA

Effect of 5Hz electromagnetic waves on movement behavior in male wistar rats [in vitro]

Various stresses during life can affect metabolism and brain activities, immune and endocrine systems directly and indirectly, and ultimately, causes animal behavior change. The cellular and molecular level change in neurotransmitter and hormone concentrations led to the functional changes of operating systems in the intracellular organelles. These events cause of course oxidative stress. All these reactions cause general or limited inflammation that is characterized by increased phenomena of inflammatory cytokines. Electromagnetic waves are the most important stimulus of ions and biomolecules therefore they change ions movement in a living organism. This process can lead to neuronal and behavioral changes. Yet, certainly, radiation pattern, intensity and magnetic field strength will be highly effective in response [reaction]. In the present study, short-term [one day] and medium-term [3 days and 7days] and long-term [19 days and 21 days] effects of extremely low-frequency waves [ELF] on behavioral and metabolic activities in male wistar rats with an average weight 180-250g have been investigated

Naloxone inhibits human serum albumin Glycation

Advanced glycation end-products [AGEs] are formed by non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugar and protein. AGEs play important roles in pathogenesis of diabetic, aging complications, endothelial dysfunction and neurological diseases such as the Alzheimer's disease. Therefore compounds that prevent the glycation reaction are purported to have therapeutic effect on patients with diabetes and age-related complication. In this study, the Human serum albumin at concentration of 10 mg/ml was incubated in PBS with 40 mM Glucose, and in different concentrations of Naloxone [25,100,250micro M] for 42 days at 37[degree sign]. HSA with no additives and with Glucose 40mM were incubated as control and as glycated sample, respectively. Following the incubation, the samples were prepared for Circular Dichroism, Fluorescence and absorbance techniques. It was shown different Naloxone concentration can prevent Human serum albumin glycation

12 Hz electromagnetic field changes stress-related hormones of rat

Due to the increasing presence of electromagnetic radiation in advanced societies, investigation of the effects of this radiation on humans has attracted the interest of many researchers. The non- ionizing radiation can induce numerous effects through biomolecules in the tissue and cells. In the current study, effects of 12 Hz electromagnetic waves investigated on neuronal hormone levels in rat animal model in 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after exposure. The levels of Adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH], Adrenaline, melanocortin-2 receptor [MC2R], corticostrone, alpha 1-receptor and D-Glucose were evaluated by ELISA methods. Exposure with 12 Hz electromagnetic waves did not alter in glucose and MC2R levels in rats compared with control groups. Plasma ACTH and adrenaline concentrations as two important stress-related hormones increased significantly 1 and 3 days after irradiation respectively. Also corticostrone and alpha a1-receptor decreased significantly at some days during the period of study in irradiated rats. Our data demonstrated that faced with 12 Hz electromagnetic wave could be considered as a stress inducer and also time of exposure have critical role in stress induce

Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure on Stress-Related Behaviors and Stress Hormones in Male Wistar Rats

Studies have demonstrated that electromagnetic waves, as the one of the most important physical factors, may alter cognitive and non-cognitive behaviors, depending on the frequency and energy. Moreover, non-ionizing radiation of low energy waves e.g. very low frequency waves could alter this phenomenon via alterations in neurotransmitters and neurohormones. In this study, short, medium, and long-term exposure to the extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) (1 and 5 Hz radiation) on behavioral, hormonal, and metabolic changes in male Wistar rats (250 g) were studied. In addition, changes in plasma concentrations for two main stress hormones, noradrenaline and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were evaluated. ELF-EMF exposure did not alter body weight, and food and water intake. Plasma glucose level was increased and decreased in the groups which exposed to the 5 and 1Hz wave, respectively. Plasma ACTH concentration increased in both using frequencies, whereas noradrenaline concentration showed overall reduction. At last, numbers of rearing, sniffing, locomotor activity was increased in group receiving 5 Hz wave over the time. In conclusions, these data showed that the effects of 1 and 5 Hz on the hormonal, metabolic and stress-like behaviors may be different. Moreover, the influence of waves on stress system is depending on time of exposure.

[Study of antibicrobial activity of Scrophularia striata boiss]

The use of herbal medicine has a long history. In order of unveiling of the side effects of chemical drugs, human tried to use the natural resources to supply drugs. In this study, antimicrobial effect of Scrophularia striata aquatic extract on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were studied and compared with the effects of tetracycline. In this basic- applied, the aqueous extract was prepared from the sterile and unsterile leaves and fruits of Scrophularia striata. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli after colony counting and determining dilution were cultured on known concentrations of the extract containing mediums and their effects on bacterial growth was assessed after 24 h by measurement of turbidity. Eighty percent of bacterial growth was inhibited by the extract, compared with 100% of control. The inhibitory effects of low concentrations of the extract were more than tetracycline. This study showed that the aquatic extract of Scrophularia striata could be a good candidate as an alternative or supplement to antibiotics to treat bacterial infections