ABSTRACT
Objective: Biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants
Design: Case-control study
Samples: A total of 50 sheep feces naturally infected by Haemonchus contortus ova
Procedure: Arthrobotrys oligospora [111.37 and 251.83], Daddingtonia flagrans [583.91] and Haptocillium sphaerosporum [381.84] were obtained and the nematophagous activity of these isolates was studied after addition of 8000, 20000 and 100000 conidia to 1 gram of fecal samples containing 70 ova of Haemonchus contortus per each petridish. All of the samples were incubated at 25-27°C for 8 days and then, the nematophagous effect of fungal isolates were determined after calculation of third staged larval reduction using Berman method
Statistical analysis: One-way ANOVA and complementary method of Tukey were used
Results: Study of nematophagous effects of 8000 conidia of all above-mentioned fungi and 20000 conidia of A. oligospora [251.82] on the third stage larvae of H. contortus showed that there was not any significant difference as compared with the control groups. But for 20000 conidia of A. oligospora [111.37] and D. flagrans [583.91] and also 100000 conidia for all above-mentioned fungi, significant reduction in larvae of H. contortus was observed as compared with the control groups. In H. sphaerosporum, the percentage of larvae reduction for 8000 and 20000 conidia was determined as 21.46% and 48.99%, respectively. But, the increasion of conidia to 100.000 caused only 42.28% reduction in infective larvae so above-mentioned fungus can not function as an effective agent in biological control of H. contortus
Clinical implications: The present study showed that we can control gastrointestinal nematodes by use of nematode-trapping fungi, in suitable conditions along with chemical treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: a study on the prevalence of stray cats infected with parasitic helminthes in Tehran
Design: cross sectional study
Animals: one hundred stray cats captured from different urban areas of Tehran
Methods: one hundred stray cats were trapped from different geographic regions of Tehran and were necropsied. Different organs including: kidney, heart, liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract and abdominal cavity were inspected for helminthic infection
Statistical analysis: X[2] test was used to show the relationship between different factors and parasitic infection and E ta coeffeciency was used to presenting effects of these factors on the infection
Results: four species of helminthes including 3 nematodes, Toxocara cat; [23%], Physaloptra praeputialis [7%] and Toxascaris leonine [2%] and one cestode, Diplopylidium nolleri [5%] were found in gastrointestinal tract and only this organ was found infected in examined cats
Conclusion: although for some species [e.g. Tcati 23%], the percentage of infection was relatively high, but with regard to the mild intensity of the collected worms, they could not cause clinical or subclinical symptoms. On the other hand, considering the contact between cat and man especially children, through courtyard environment or direct contact and visceral or ocular larva migration produced by ascarids of dog and cat, the report of two species of Ascaris in the present study could be a health hazard for human especially children