[ study of the magnitude of the research problems before and after the administrative and management interventions from the faculty members and researchers' viewpoint at Qom university of medical sciences, Qom, Iran, during 2004-2008]

The examination of the research attractions in developed counties, and deficiencies and constraints in conducting researches can reveal invaluable implications. The researches carried out in recent decades are indicative of the fact that there have always been major constraints during the research conduction. Those countries which aspire to compete in the world should remove all the constraints and barriers, and attract the necessary attention on researches. Thus, the current study was intended to find the problems and limitations, and offer the needed interventions so as to overcome those problems. This study was a quasi-experimental [pre and post] one. The participants of the study included those faculty members and researchers who had conducted at least a project as an administrator or a major contributor before and after intervention. In order to gather data, a self-designed questionnaire was filled in two phases; before and after the interventions. The questionnaire included demographics and information about research problems in the four areas of Research Project Preparation [RPP], Research Project Conduct [RPC], Administrative-Management and Personal Problems. Descriptive statistics and various statistical procedures tests were utilized to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the mean of the magnitude of the research problems in RPP, RPC, administrative management and personal problems was a significant difference [P<0.001] before and after intervention. In RPP, lack of beneficial database bank in university, in RPC lack of budget, in Administrative-Management lack of knowledge accountant about corresponding activity and in Personal Problems lack of enough motivation for research were all having the highest intensity. Thus, after intervention the magnitude of the problem was reduced. In conclusion, it seems that bureaucratic rules, shortage of research budget, heavy work load, lack of motivation, and personal skills are the reasons which hinder doing research activities. But the findings of this current study reveal that through reforming the administrative-management procedures and appropriate planning with regard to the current problems we can overcome the barriers and ameliorate the magnitude of the problems

[Determination and comparison of neonatal complications in painless epidural delivery and without pain control Qom Izadi hospital during the years 2004-5]

Provision of standard childbirth facilities has been considered as an important healthcare issue for a long time. The physical and psychological states of mothers are important factors determining the fate of delivery. Therefore, several programs have been established to decrease the mother-child mortality rates and the complications of delivery. One of the most common approaches for controlling the pain of delivery is application of local anesthesia such as epidural, spinal, or a combination of these methods. It has been shown that complications of epidural anesthesia are less than other methods of local anesthesia employed for the painless delivery. In this study, a comparison is made between two groups of 80 neonates delivered by either NVD or EU. A form was designed for collection of data including Apgar score at first minute, need for CPR, NICU admission, FHR variability, breast feeding time, duration of hospital stay, and neonatal reflexes. The data were analyzed by chi-square and fisher tests using SPSS software. There was no significant difference between the neonates born by EA or NVD at the 95% confidence level. Based on these findings it could be concluded that epidural anesthesia for delivery does not lead to neonatal complications more than that of NVD without pain control. Therefore, this method could be recommended to mothers, who choose elective cesarean section to avoid the pain of childbirth

[Access relationship between potassium, lactate and ventilation during exercise]

Ventilation is 5-6 lit/min at rest, whereas it reaches 150 lit/min during exercise. A long time investigators noticed breath exciting and involving factors, they were proposed to involve several factor. Blood potassium and lactate concentration are contributing factors in increasing the ventilation .The correlation coefficient of ventilation and potassium, lactate is problem which they are discussing about them. This study will test to determine relationship between those factor and ventilation. To study this, 15 male volunteer athletes were chosen. They exercised with ergo meter as incremental exercise to extreme fatigue. The exercise was started with 50 watts, and was continued with 25 watts increase at the end of each 3 minute during exercise. Venous blood sample was obtained before exercise and at the end of each 3 minute during exercise. All of the three parameters ventilation, lactate, and potassium increased with work load increments. The pattern of increases was non-linear in all these parameters. The correlation coefficient of ventilation and potassium curves were calculated as r=0.99 and ventilation and lactate curves as r=0.97. Thus our results show that both lactate and potassium are related in increasing ventilation during incremental exercise