ABSTRACT
Objectives: To study and establish clinical and haematological correlation in cases of dengue viral infection. Methodology: A total 169 serum samples were received from L.G. Hospital for the detection of Dengue IgM during the period of October 2013 to January 2014. They were tested for the same with ELISA method. The clinical -haematological case study was done and the data was analyzed retrospectively. Results: Total 169 serum samples were tested, out of which 44(26.03%) were positive for Dengue IgM antibodies. Out of the total serum samples, Male: Female ratio and Urban: Rural ratio was 1.6:1 and 2.8:1 respectively. Peak incidence of the disease is seen in October. Clinically fever was the commonest presentation in 39(88.6%) patients followed by headache and muscle pain i.e., 33(75%) and 16(36.3%) respectively; the least common was epistaxis in 4 (9.04%) patients. Retrobulbar pain was in 3(6.8%) rash was in 6 (13.6%) and hemorrhagic manifestations in 12 (27.2%) patients. Amongst total WBC count, the proportion of Lymphocyte was above 70% in 3(6.8%) cases, between 50-70% in 17(38.6%) cases, and between 35-49% in 16(36.3%) cases and below 35% was in 8(18.18%) cases. The platelet count less than 50,000 was observed in16(36.3%) cases, 50,000 to 1, 00000 in 15(34.09%) cases and greater than 1,00,000 was in 13(29.5%) cases.19(43.1%) patients had erythrocyte sedimentation rate less than 7mm/hr, While 15(34.09%) patients had8- 20mm/hrand 10(22.7%) had more than 20 mm/hr.
ABSTRACT
Background : Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is simple, quick, inexpensive, majority are on OPD basis and minimally invasive technique used to diagnose different types of swellings located in the head and neck commonly originate from cervical lymph node, thyroid, salivary glands and soft tissues. Aim : To assess the frequency of incidences at different sites of head and neck region, and amongst the sex group. To assess distribution amongst inflammatory and neoplastic lesions. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Ahmedabad from October 2013 to January 2014. Patients between the ages of 1 to 80 years were enrolled into the study. A total of 146 patients with a head and neck swelling underwent FNAC. Fine needle aspiration diagnosis was correlated with detail of relevant clinical findings and investigations. Results : Out of 146 fine needle aspiration procedures, 107 (73.29%) were of lymph nodes, 25 (17.12%) were of thyroid gland, 08 (5.48%) from soft tissue and 06 (4.11%) from salivary glands. Amongst lymph node swellings (73.29%), tuberculous involvement was seen in 73 cases (68.22%) with a female preponderance. Out of total 146 lesions, 109 (74.66%) were inflammatory, 29 (19.86%) were benign and 08 (5.48%) were malignant. Conclusions : The head and neck swellings are very common conditions encountered, with most of them being on OPD basis. Our study found that FNAC is simple, quick, inexpensive and minimally invasive technique to diagnose different types of head and neck swellings. It could differentiate the infective process from neoplastic one and avoids unnecessary surgeries. In case of neoplastic conditions, patient may be referred to Regional Cancer Centre.
ABSTRACT
Background: Carcinoma of the breast is the most common malignancy in adult women and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. There is an uncertainty over natural history and factors leading to emergence of cancer of breast in women as well as in men. Aims & Objective: To study the various morphological types of malignant lesions and their age distribution, from Mastectomy and Post lumpectomy Mastectomy received from in and around Ahmadabad district, at Department of Pathology, Smt NHL MMC and Sheth VS Hospital, Ahmedabad. Material and Methods: Out of the specimens of breast which presented as mastectomy and post lumpectomy mastectomy specimens of breast to the Department of Pathology, Smt NHL MMC and Sheth VS Hospital, Ahmedabad for histopathological examination, 100 cases were taken up for this study. Detailed clinical data were noted as per the proforma with emphasis on history, gross examination and microscopic examination. Results: Majority of cases were carcinoma (87%). Majority of women (63%) were of age 41-60. Painless lump (77%) was found as most common symptoms, while nipple retraction was found in 3% cases and Peaude orange skin was found in 1% cases. Majority of patients had lump in the left breast (53%) followed by right breast (47%). 40% of patients presented with lump in the upper outer quadrant and 11% in lower outer quadrant. Out of the total 88 carcinomas of breast encountered, 85.2%, were Infiltrating Duct Carcinoma [IDC (NOS)], 1.1% were Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS), 1.1% each of mucinous carcinoma, invasive papillary carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma, 2.2% were metaplastic carcinoma and 6.8% were invasive lobular carcinoma. Most of tumour was T3 (53.48%) followed by T2 (29.06%). In the case of pathological staging The majority of patients were present in stage IIIA (25.58%), stage IIB (24.41%) and stage IIIC (22.09%), followed by Stage IIA (18.60%). Vascular invasion was 21.3% in the case of IDC, 66.6% in the case of ILC and 25% in the case of stromal carcinoma. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of histopathological examination in breast lumps not only in establishing the final diagnosis, but also in predicting the prognosis by typing, staging and grading malignant neoplasm of breast.
ABSTRACT
A 50 year old female had a myxoid liposarcoma of left thigh that was widely excised. After three years, she presented with a soft tissue mass in right hypochondriac region, which was diagnosed as myxoid liposarcoma on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and was confirmed histologically.