ABSTRACT
Majority of the patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in Bangladesh. Dialysis patients are at high risk for contracting blood borne infection including hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibody response of hepatitis C virus infection in patients on MHD by detecting different viral markers in blood. A total of 88 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)were recruited from BIRDEM and BSMMU during the period from June 2006 to June 2007. Of them 63 patients on MHD and 25 predialysis patients were taken as cases and controls respectivly. Anti-HCV antibody were positive in 38% of dialysis patients but none of the controls were positive for Anti-HCV. When HCV positive MHD patients (38%) were compared to HCV negative MHD patients (62%), it showed that HCV positive patients had longer duration of dialysis (24±25 vs 9±6 months, p<0.001), increased number blood transfusions (29±34 vs 10±9 units, p<0.004) and elevated serum alanine aminotransferase level (35±23 vs 20±9 U/L, p=0.001). Implementing comprehensive infection control program by routine screening of the CKD patients, safe blood transfusion program, reducing transfusion of blood by use of erythropoietin and proper disinfection and cleaning of hemodialysis units may reduce the infection by HCV Virus.
ABSTRACT
Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN) in children is common in our country and possesses a significant hospital load. AGN is principally a disease of children were poverty, overcrowding and poor hygiene are prevailing. It is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Objective : To see the immediate outcome of the children with AGN. Materials and Mithods: Sixty two cases of AGN were enrolled in this study. All cases were collected from paediatric department of Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka during the period of September 2000 to November 2001. A thorough history were taken and chemical examination were carried out and the patient were observed during hospitalization and after discharge and recorded in a preformed questionnaire. Results: Total number of cases were sixty two. Eighty one percent were between 6 years to 12 years of age with male predominance. Most of then came from poor socioecononic status (81%). All patients had generalized edema. Eighty one percent had reduced micturation, 29% had gross haematuria, 13% ascitis, 3% anuria, 2% had epistaxis with convulsion and coma. Eighty four percent had hypertension, 50% had infected scabies. Urinary RBC was found in 93.55% cases and RBC cast in 70-96% cases, blood urea over 40 mg/dl in 30.64% patient and serum creatinine over 1.0 mg/dl in 9.88% patients.