ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine prevalence of bullying among postgraduate medical trainees in tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar
Methodology: This cross-sectional study of postgraduate medical trainees from different specialties was conducted in three tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar using convenience sampling. A semi structured questionnaire containing questions regarding type of bullying, who perpetuates bullying and effect of bullying was filled by the participants. The results are expressed in the form of frequency and percentages
Results: Out of 246 Postgraduate medical trainees who responded to semi structured questionnaire, 89% [n=219] reported being bullied in one or more forms, Overload with work was reported by 83% [n=203] as most common type of bulling. The common perpetrator of bullying were registrars, senior registrars were mentioned by 20% [n=49], while 18% [n=44] thought junior registrars are bullying them. The effect of bullying was that 31% [n=71] were depressed because of bullying
Conclusion: Bullying of Postgraduate medical trainees is fairly common in hospitals and registrars are most commonly involved as perpetrators. More awareness should be created about bullying and feedback about working environment should be regularly obtained from postgraduate medical trainees
ABSTRACT
A 26 years old unbooked lady, G6P5, presented to labour room of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar with 31 weeks pregnancy and preterm labor. Patient was pale looking with BMI of 20kg/m2. Her blood pressure, pulse rate, temperature and respiratory rate were normal, systemic examination revealed normal findings, Symphysiofundal height was 36cm, baby was lying longitudinally, cephalic, liquor was increased and fetal heart were not audible. She had not done any blood or urine investigations throughout her pregnancy, the only time she visited a doctor was for an ultrasound which showed that baby is having meningocele. She delivered a dead baby of 2kg with meningocele, Delivery of baby was followed by delivery of a large, ovoid firm mass with lobulated smooth surface, the time interval between delivery of baby and mass was 4 minutes, five minutes later placenta was delivered. On examination placenta was complete. The other mass was grayish brown, nodular measuring 16×12×10cm. Its cut surfaces showed grayish white and grayish brown multiloculated areas. Microscopic examination showed multiple fragments of necrotic poorly fixed tumor having morphology of an immature [malignant] Teratoma. Prominent immature neoplastic neuroepithelial elements with true and pseudorossette formation were seen mixed with other mature and immature ectodermal and mesodermal origin tissue. No placental tissue was seen. It was grade III immature malignant placental teratoma. The major differential diagnosis is fetus acardius amorphus. This reported case is first of its kind, till date all previously reported cases were of benign mature placental teratoma