Histological changes in human gallbladder mucosa due to cholelithiasis

To observe the histological changes in gallbladder mucosa due to Cholelithiasis. Observational study. This study was carried out at Department of Surgery, Anatomy and Pathology of Isra University Hospital and Institute of Biochemistry Sindh University Jamshoro. Sixty nine cases of Cholelithiasis undergoing surgery were included in this study. After operation the gall bladders were obtained and fixed in 10% formalin. Gall bladder stone were obtained and their analysis was done in the Institute of Biochemistry Sindh University Jamshoro. Gross examination of gall bladders was done and for microscopy after hematoxylin and eosin staining, sections were obtained from the fundus, body and neck of the gallbladder. Additional sections were taken from grossly abnormal looking areas. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 16.0. Chi square test was used to determine statistical significance between categorical groups [p<0.5]. It was observed that size of gall bladder were normal in 41 [59.4%], increased in 20 [29.0%] and shrunken in 08 [11.6%] cases. The mucosal changes seen in Cholelithiasis include, Cholestrolosis in 18 [26.08%], ulceration 07 [10.1%], atrophy 12 [17.4%] and lymphocytic infiltration in 67 [97%] cases. Cholelithiasis produced a series of histopathological changes in the gallbladder mucosa. These changes have no relation with type of gall stone

Hyperhomocystenemia as a risk factor for ischemic stroke

Objectives: this study was carried out to evaluate homocysteine as a risk factor for ischemic Stroke

Design: descriptive study

Setting: isra University and Liquate university of Medical and health sciences Jamshoro [LUMHS]

Study design: twenty five diagnosed cases of ischemic stroke were selected from different wards of two hospitals. Twenty five healthy age matched persons were taken as controls having no risk factors for stroke. Serum homocysteine level was determined by enzyme immunoassay using commercially available kit

Results: serum homocysteine level in patients with stroke was 14.0 +/- 1.9 [micro]mol/Lit and in healthy controls it was 9.0 +/- 0.58 [micro]mol/Lit. There was statically significant difference [p < 0.05] in the homocysteine level between the two groups yet the level was within normal range

Conclusion: serum homocysteine level is significantly increased in patients with ischemic stroke as compared to the normal healthy individuals having no ischemic stroke risk factors

Evaluation of corticotropin releasing hormone [CRH] in preeclampsia

To evaluate the level of CRH in normal pregnancy and compare it with pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia. Case controlled prospective. The study was carried out in the department of physiology and clinical lab of Isra University Hyderabad. Forty three diagnosed cases of preeclampsia were selected in their 31-34 weeks of gestation. Forty three age and gestational matched controls were included who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Blood sample was taken and level of CRH was determined by ELISA method by specific kit. Mean CRH value in cases of preeclampsia at 31-34 weeks of gestation was 60.33 + 10.47 ng/ml. The mean CRH value in age and gestational age matched controls was 50.03 + 09.33 ng/ml. The mean CRH value was significantly higher in preeclampsia patients as compared to the controls [p < .001]. It is concluded that CRH levels are significantly raised in preeclampsia as compared to the normal pregnancy. This indicates a possible role of stress in preeclampsia