ABSTRACT
Objective of this study was to check prevalence of Viral Hepatitis in Patients attending Medical Camp Cross sectional study. This study was conducted in free Medical Camp of Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana from 01.07.2011 to 31.12.2011. An advertisement was given one week prior via media for awareness of people. The camp was organized by the faculty of Medical unit III on 1[st] July 2011. This camp, apart from necessary medicines, equipped with diagnostic facilities to diagnose hepatitis B and C viruses. Patients willing to participate in this study were enrolled; patients with known hepatitis B and C were excluded. ELISA technique was used to diagnose. This study was approved by Ethical committee of Shaheed Mohtrama Benazir Bhutto Medical University. SPSS version 19 was used for data analysis. Total of 400 peoples were seen at the camp, 96 of them were already known cases of hepatitis B and C and were excluded from analysis. Of 304 patients 246 were males and 154 were females. From 304 patients 32 [10.5%] patients had hepatitis C and 16 [5.3%] had hepatitis B and rest were seronegative. The frequency of HCV and HBV was common in patients with age between 20 to 40 years. This was a small effort to increase awareness in local population regarding the course of viral hepatitis. We also collected data regarding present prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis in rural areas of interior Sindh. Much more is to be done to control this misery of our community
ABSTRACT
To observe the association between hepatitis viral [B, C and D] infection to gallstones in liver cirrhosis. A cross-sectional and hospital based study. This study was carried out at the Hepatology Clinic of CMC, Larkana during January 2011 to December 2011. 913 patients of cirrhosis of liver presenting at Hepatology Clinic of CMC, Larkana during January 2011 to December 2011 were enrolled for study. After informed written consent, blood samples were drawn for HBsAg, anti -HCV antibodies, and anti-HDV Antibodies by ELISA. Ultrasound of all cases was performed to detect gallstones and study the related radiological features. The data was transferred and analyze using SPSS version 17. Means of numeric response variables and categorical response variables were compared by chi-square test and odd ratios calculated when and where applicable. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. HBsAg, Anti-HCV Ab and Anti-HDV Ab were documented in 272 [42.2%], 253 [39.3%] and 178 [27.6%] patients respectively. HCV co infection with HBV and HDV was documented in 56 [8.7%] and 44 [6.8%]. Gallstones were detected in 269 [29.5%] cirrhotic patients, of these 136 [14.9%] were multiple. Statistically significant association was observe between gallstones and HBsAg seropositivity with odd of 2.17 [95% CI: 1.62 - 2.90] and p value less than 0.001. There was no statistically significant association between Anti-HCV Ab and Anti-HDV Ab seropositivity with gallstones in cirrhosis of liver. HBV infection is documented more frequently in cirrhosis with gallstone. Female were more likely to be infected. HBV infection may be one of the risk factor for development of gallstones in cirrhosis of liver
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is common disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is one of the world's most widespread and deadly illnesses and infects an estimated 20-43% of the world's population and kills about 3 million people each year in the world. The common side effect of antituberculous drugs is hepatotoxicity. This study was carried out to determine the magnitude of hepatotoxicity caused by antituberculous drugs in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. To determine the frequency of hepatotoxicity caused by ATT in pulmonary tuberculosis. Frequency of hepatotoxicity. Cross sectional study. This study was carried out in collaboration of Department of Medicine and Department of Pulmonology, Chandka Medical College, Civil Hospital Larkana from November 2010 to May 2011. Subjects: All consecutive sputum smears or culture positive patients or radiological evidence of active pulmonary T.B of either sex, older than 15 years of age were included in the study. After approval of ethical committee for medical research of Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto University Larkana, informed written consent was taken from newly diagnosed patients of pulmonary tuberculosis for participation in the study. Blood samples were taken, coded and sent for determination of liver function test. Final outcome was measured at the end of 4th week. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 17. A total of 256 patients were enrolled in this study during study period. The mean age of enrolled participants is 41.5 +/- 18.1. Of 256 patients, 132 [51.6%] were male and 124 [48.4%] were female. The male to female ratio was 1.06:1. Mean serum bilirubin was 1.5 +/- 0.7 mg/dl [Range l.l-3.9mg/dl], the mean alanine transferase level was 34.7 +/- 11 IU/L [Range 11- 109 IU/L], aspartate transferase level was 35.4 +/- 19.3 IU/L [Range 11-112 IU/L] and alkaline phosphatase level was 150 +/- 38 IU/L [Range 95-280 IU/L].The frequency of hepatotoxicity was 51 [19.9%]. Hepatotoxicity was observed in 25-35 age group was 21.7% and 56-65 years was 26%. Hepatotoxicity was observed in 23.4% female and 16.7% male. It is concluded from this study that patients taking anti tuberculosis therapy are vulnerable to hepatotoxicity. Screening should be done after starting of ATT in order to avoid liver damage
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary , Liver/drug effects , Liver/enzymologyABSTRACT
To study the frequency of mortality and evaluate the influence of various prognostic factors such as Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] Score, volume of hematoma and age on the outcome of the patient admitted with intracereberal hemorrhage. This descriptive case series study was conducted at Liaquat University of Medical aHealth Sciences hospital from July 2006 to March 2008. It included 399 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of SICH wthin 24 hours of their first stroke onset. Patients excluded from study were with hemorrhage secondary to brain tumors, to trauma, to hemorrhagic transformation of cerebral infarct and with previous history of hemorrhagic stroke. The patients' data was collected in a well designed Proforma. The volume of hematoma was calculated according to ABC/2 formula. Quantitative variables were described as mean with +/- SD. While qualitative variables were described as frequency and percentages. Age, GCS score and volume of hematoma compared to the outcome of the patients by receiver operating characteristics [ROC]. The level of Significance was <0.05. This study included 399 patients of which 261 [65.4%] were male and 138 [34.6%] were female. The number of patients <65 years were 222 [55.6] whereas 177 [44.4%] patients were >65 years old. The number of patients who died during hospitalization were 122 [30.6%] and 277 [69.4%] patients remained alive. AUR comparing the volume of hematoma is 0.707 [p=0.001], GCS on admission 0.815 [p=0.001] and age had 0.552 [p=095]. This study showed elderly patients with decreased level of consciousness and hemorrhage > 60 ml have the worst outcome