Depression and anxiety in a cardiovascular outpatient clinic: a descriptive study

Cardiac diseases are psycho-somatic disorders, and psychological aspects play an essential role in their initiation and exacerbation. The aim of this study was to gain appropriate knowledge in the epidemiology of co-morbid depression and anxiety disorder in cardiovascular outpatients. This study is descriptive with a sample of patients attending a cardio-vascular clinic. 238 individuals were included in this study using a consecutive sampling method. The study instrument was Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] questionnaire, which is a clinical scale for assessing anxiety and depression. Of the 238 participants in this study, 93[38.7%] were male and 146 [61.3%] female. 28.5% of patients suffered from anxiety disorders, and 41.9% had depression. Regarding comorbid diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, the severity of depression was just related to hypertension. There was a meaningful relationship between gender and symptoms of anxiety so that symptoms were more severe in women. Considering the high prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients suffering from cardio-vascular diseases, it is necessary to screen psychological disorders in patients with cardio-vascular diseases and improve their cardio-vascular health and quality of life as mush as possible

Parenting stress in mothers of children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]

This research was down to compare parenting stress in mothers with ADHD sons and normal ones. This research is a causal-comparing study and the statistical universe was all mothers of 5 to 12 years old sons with ADHD who referred to child psychiatry clinics [Ibn-e-Sina and Dr Sheikh Hospitals] and all mothers of normal sons [5 to 12 years old] were selected in primary and preprimary school at 4[th] educational area of Mashhad city, north-eastern part of Iran. Fifty mothers with ADHD children by at reached sampling and 80 mothers with normal children were selected by cluster sampling. Parenting Stress Index [PSI] was used and data analyzed by descriptive and analytic statistical methods such as t-test in independent groups. Results showed that there was a significant difference between parenting stress [parent's realm] and its branches in mothers of ADHD children and mothers of normal children [P<0.000]. There was a significant difference between parenting stress [child's realm] and its branches in mothers of ADHD children and mothers of normal children [P<0.000] and difference between parenting stress [parent-child's realm] and its branches in mothers of ADHD children and mothers of normal children was significant too [P<0.000]. Mothers with ADHD children had more stress compared with mothers of normal children which it is realized by parenting stress index