ABSTRACT
Background: Biosafety & Biosecurity training in COVID - 19 pandemic proved beneficial for lab workers exposed to potentially infectious materials by increasing level of awareness. Essential that they be forewarned to the hazards and risks in working environment for bioh azards; how to save themselves (Biosafety) and safeguard the product (Biosecurity). Methods: Development of table of specification, national level involvement, selection through entry test, custom - made curriculum. Construction of 50 questions, pre - and fi nal post - assessment test ascertaining cognition level on the subject after completion of course. 15 questions for each session were also constructed to evaluate their initial cognition level and post session proficiency. There were eight contact sessions. Each session, pre - and post - assessments to ascertain impact of awareness. Results: Overall result of pre - test assessment of 50 questions was 33.0%, post - test assessment was 90.7%, indicating overall elevation of awareness ( 57.7%). Analysis of results (pre - and post) through a paired t - test yielded highly significant P value of 0.000001 . Likert scale for course and facilitator evaluation by Cronbach’s alpha, showed variables having maximum score > 0.8 , indicating the high results for feedback evaluation. Con clusion: Proper awareness of lab workers is mandatory for Biorisk management in keeping them biosafe which is additional benefit in the wake of pandemic.
ABSTRACT
Background: Histopathological patterns help to define the orientation as well as the duration of disease. The findings identified through this tool aids in the identification and selection of treatment modality as well as provides a prognostic assessment of the condition. Methods: A prospective study design was opted for this research. A total of 221 patients from either gender, ages between 31 to 38 years, undergoing different types of surgical procedures were en rolled from the Faisal and Masroor Base Hospital, Karachi Pakistan. After receiving consent, a biopsy specimen was taken and transferred to the laboratory for staining and further processing for histopathological examination. Results: The major findings i solated among specimens constituted of samples from the Appendix; 67.87% (150/221) followed by stomach; 18.10% (40/221). Among the appendix specimens, 82% (41/221) patients were suffering from acute appendicitis and the remaining had peri - appendicitis. Ami d the stomach specimens 65% (26/221) patients were diagnosed with (Mild) Chronic Superficial Gastritis, followed by 20% (8/221) patients with H - Pylori associated (Mild) Chronic Superficial Gastritis and the remaining were normal gastric antrum and chronic gastritis with partial villous atrophy. Conclusion: By using histopathological examination, the outcome of many diseases can be determined at an earlier stage thereby assisting in lowering the levels of morbidity and mortality among the population. In our research we were able to distinguish a variety of infections among different areas/ organs of the body.
ABSTRACT
The object of the study was to determine the ratio of incidence and genotyping of hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection with reference to different typable and untypable strains in various populations of Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir [AJK]. This was done by taking into account different modalities with reference to gender, age and socio-economic perspective. A total of 88 patients were included in the studyand the screening was initially carried out by rapid diagnostic tests [RDT] with further confirmation by polymerase chain reaction [PCR] method. The real time PCR [qPCR] was performed at Genetic and Molecular Center, Lahore. These tests were done at Biosafety Level 2 [BSL 2] laboratory [according to Biorisk Management CWA15793-2008] which was the criteria determined by risk assessment performed by principal investigator and the scientificofficer of the facility. The genotype 3a was found to be the most common type in affected patients which certainly determined the management of these infections in a more targeted manner.The study was able to determine the prevalence rate on gender basis which was important on local basis and can be the basis to initiate the study for finding out the reasons for the same. The age group most affected was found to be in the younger group. In addition, introduction of Biorisk Management was very encouraging and the professionals showed keen interest in this scientific discipline and were eager to learn the key concepts of it
ABSTRACT
To ascertain any relation between T2 Diabetes Mellitus with Blood Groups of the patients coming in theOPD. , Experimental / Analytical study .This study was carried out at Med Path Laboratories and Diagnostic Center Gulshan-e-Iqbal Karachi and KESC Medical center Karachi from August 2012 to December 2012. The present study deals with the distribution of the ABO blood types in patients with diabetes mellitus. 500 samples were collected from Med Path Laborites and Diagnostic Center KESC Medical Center. The study shows blood group B was prevalent at a high percentage among patients with DM type 2. Blood group O+ were significantly higher among the male diabetics and blood group B+ among female diabetics. People with middle-aged group were seen to be more affected with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is highly recommended that this study may proceed further and the affiliation of T2DM can be screened at molecular level to find out the exact mechanism of action for susceptibility to these particular Blood Groups
ABSTRACT
The impending world is reliant on traditional medicine, and its recognition escalating at present as essential. In regulating the therapeutic efficacy of herbal drugs, standardization and quality control are the key factors. Organoleptic parameters are not much consistent in establishing the standards of herbal drugs, for which instrumental analysis of the drugs provides a more accurate picture regarding the qualitative and quantitative aspects of bioactive molecules, which are held liable for therapeutic action and is widely accepted in the quality assessment of herbal drugs. However, such work is lacking or at infantile stage. In this study, a comparative account of the HPTLC fingerprints of the ingredients and compound Unani formulation, Qurs-e-Kundur in methanolic extract as well as petroleum ether extract are given and discussed in detail