Prevalence of Hearing Disorders Based Whole Population in Jilin Province, China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To investigate the prevalence, etiology, rehabilitation demands and service condition of hearing disorders based on the whole population in Jilin Province, China. Methods Using the probability proportion to size (PPS) sampling, 9246 (93.3%) out of 9909 residents sampled form 36 counties were targeted for investigation from August, 2014 to January, 2015, followed the WHO Ear and Hearing Disorders Survey Protocol. The hearing loss and disability were classified as WHO recommended and Classification and Grading Criteria of Disability (GB/T 26341-2010). Results The standardized prevalence of hearing loss and disability was 16.41%and 4.78%, re-spectively. Age, sex, residence, occupation and marriage status, education level and household income were significantly associated with hearing loss prevalence, while nationality was not. The main etiologies included non-infectious disease (47.33%), ear disease (14.17%), un-known causation (13.89%), and noise (8.59%). Among all people with hearing loss, those who accepted intervention service accounted for 11.02%. Among all people with hearing disability, those who used hearing aids accounted for 5.58%, and 0.67%used artificial cochlea. Con-clusion Demographics and socioeconomic factors are significantly associated with the prevalence of hearing loss. The main etiology con-tains non-infectious disease, ear disease and noise. Both the rate of service utilization among people with hearing loss and the rate of adopt-ing hearing aids among people with hearing disability are low. It is needed to do more in prevention and rehabilitation of hearing impairment.

Clinical analysis of tympanosclerosis: characteristics and treatment / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and surgical management of tympanosclerosis.@*METHOD@#The data of 73 patients who underwent surgery for tympanosclerosis were retrospectively analyzed with respects to the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management.@*RESULT@#Seventy-three patients with tympanosclerosis (involving 73 ears) , including 17 patients with sclerosis of tympanic membrane (type I), 23 patients with fixed Malleus-incus complex (type II), 8 (type III) with fixed stapes, and 25 (type IV) with extensive typannosclerosis. Sclerosis was seen most frequently in the malleus, incus and attic, followed by the tympanic membrane, incudomalleolar joint and other regions. Audiometry was performed for all the patients 1 weeks before and 1 year( the least) after operation, which were (51.70 ± 14.93)dB HL and (36.24 ± 11.58) dB HL respectively, with success rate 83% (61/73).@*CONCLUSION@#Most of the patients suffer from conductive hearing loss. Teatment of the sclerosis around stapes is a key point. Acording to the sites of lesion and hearing level, hearing structures should be reconstructed by the rules of tympanoplasty and stapes surgery.

Clinical analysis of petrous bone cholesteatoma: characteristics, diagnosis and treatment / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and surgical management of petrous bone cholesteatoma.@*METHOD@#The data of 12 patients who underwent surgery for petrous bone cholesteatoma(PBC) were retrospectively analyzed with respects to the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management.@*RESULT@#Seven cases were characterized by a long otitis media history, severe hearing loss, and facial paralysis. In contrast, 5 cases were characterized with the symptoms of facial paralysis, hearing loss and vertigo attack and the absence of early otorrhea history. Trans labyrinth approach was chosen for 2 cases,while trans labyrinth-cochlear approach for 10. Cochlea was involved in 10 cases, while internal auditory canal in 9 and semicircular canal in 11. Otoscope was used in 1 case. Four patients were treated by partial resection of petrous apex and ear canal closure with good results. After years of follow-up, three recurrence cases were operated for a second time. Simultaneous facial nerve anastomosis or decompression was performed. The function of facial nerve recovered from V-VI to Ill-IV (House and Brackmann grading) in 6 anastomosis cases and from IV-V to II- IlI in 3 cases of decompression.@*CONCLUSION@#Petrous bone cholesteatoma was characterized by severe hearing loss, and facial paralysis. Surgical approaches are decided according to the extent of lesion and hearing status. Our study indicated that otoscope would help to ensure a radical removal of the pathology in cases with deep involvement and restricted vision. Partial resection of petrous bone and ear canal closure could be effective solution for challenging cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea with large dural defects and protecting vital neurovascular structures.

Analysis of misdiagnosis and differential diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis in adults / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical characteristics of infectious mononucleosis (IM) in adults.@*METHOD@#Medical records of 50 adult IM patients admitted in hospital were analyzed retrospectively.@*RESULT@#Diagnosis delayed group contained 16 patients (32% of total patients) and was significantly different from the diagnosis in-time group in typical symptoms, signs and laboratory findings of IM.@*CONCLUSION@#The clinical manifestations of adult IM are rather complicated and nonspecific to diagnosis. History collection and physical examination in detail are helpful for early diagnosis.