ABSTRACT
Context: The use of antioxidants immediately after bleaching showed increased bond strength. Aims: This study aimed to compare the effects of natural antioxidants on the shear bond strength of composite resin to bleached enamel. Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted single-rooted upper incisors were decoronated by sectioning the roots 2 mm below the cementoenamel junction, and then, crowns were embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin block (3.0 cm × 3.0 cm × 3.0 cm) with the labial surface exposed. They were randomly divided into five groups, depending on the type of antioxidant used (n = 10): (i) Group 1: control (no bleaching), (ii) Group 2: bleaching only, (iii) Group 3: bleaching + 10% sodium ascorbate (antioxidant), (iv) Group 4: bleaching + green tea, and (v) Group 5: bleaching + white tea. Labial surfaces of 40 teeth were bleached with 38% hydrogen peroxide for 20 min following manufacturer's instructions. After that, the experimental groups (Groups 3, 4, and 5) were treated with respective antioxidant solutions before composite restorations were done using a cylindrical plastic mold (3 mm × 5 mm). Shear bond strength of the specimens was tested under universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: There were statistically significant differences between shear bond strength of control groups (Groups 1 and 2) and experimental groups (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in bond strength was observed among the antioxidants used. Conclusion: Application of antioxidants immediately after bleaching showed increased bond strength. Green tea and white tea extract can be used as alternative antioxidants in improving the bond strength of enamel.
ABSTRACT
Background: To decrease morbidity and mortality in under-5 children and also to improve their growth and development, integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness (IMNCI) strategy was adopted in India in 2005.Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge of medical officers regarding IMNCI in five talukas of Belagavi district.Materials and Methods: Across-sectional study was conducted on 50 medical officers who have undergone IMNCI training. Participants were selected across five talukas of Belagavi district by convenience sampling. Ethical clearance was obtained. Data were collected from each participant using a pretested questionnaire after obtaining informed consent. All the questions were based on IMNCI guidelines. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.Results: Median score of knowledge was 13.2% of medical officers had inadequate knowledge, 54% had moderate knowledge, and 22% had adequate knowledge.Conclusion: The overall knowledge score of medical officers regarding IMNCI was good, but periodic refresher training workshops should be conducted to reaffirm and update the existing knowledge.