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Comparative evaluation of bepotastine besilate versus olopatadine and ketorolac combination onupper tarsal conjunctival brush cytology in patients of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. This studywas a prospective, open label, randomized, comparative clinical study. 100 patients of vernalkeratoconjunctivitis between 6 to 20 years of age of either sex willing to give informed consentwere enrolled in the study. In Group 1, 50 patients received Bepotastine besilate (0.15%) eyedrops twice daily for 8 weeks whereas in Group 2, 50 patients received Olopatadine (0.2%) andKetorolac (0.4%) combination eye drops twice daily for 8 weeks. Upper tarsal conjunctival brushcytology for eosinophil count was done in both the drug groups during the baseline and at 8th weekduring the treatment. It was found that after the 2 months of drug therapy, patients in both thegroups showed reduction in the eosinophil count. However, there was no statistically significantdifference between the two treatment groups at the baseline and at 8th week. There was 32%reduction in group A versus 28% reduction in group B in eosinophil count at the end of 8th weekcompared to baseline. Both bepotastine besilate versus olopatadine and Ketorolac combinationwere found to be effective in reducing the eosinophil count in patients of VKC.
ABSTRACT
Haemorrhagic gastroenteritis in canine is caused by different etiological agents like canine parvovirus, E.coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Coccidia and Giardia, among these agents canine parvovirus is the most important. Canine parvovirus binds to the sialic acid receptors which are present on the RBC’s, so haemagglutination test is used to detect canine parvovirus. In this study a total (n=102) of faecal samples from canines having haemorrhagic gastroenteritis were taken. All the 102 samples were subjected to haemagglutination assay and the prevalence of CPV was studied. Host associated risk factors like age, sex, breed, vaccination and seasons responsible for occurrence of canine parvovirus infection are recorded. Out of the 102 samples haemagglutination assay detected 41 samples as positive and a percent positivity of (40.19%) was recorded by this diagnostic test. Age wise prevalence was (69.23%) in (0-6 month) age group which is more than (7-12 month) (13.33%) and more than a year group (5%). Sex wise prevalence was more in males (47.94%) than in females (20.78%). Breed wise prevalence was more in Labrador (78.57%) followed by Doberman Pinscher (62.50%) lower prevalence was reported in Pomerarian and German shephered breeds. Non vaccinated canines showed a high prevalence of (42.70%) and in vaccinated canines no disease prevalence was detected. In the season wise prevalence, spring season showed more prevalence (54.76%) followed by summer season which showed (37.5%) prevalence and the least prevalence of (11.11%) was recorded in the winter season. Study showed that Haemagglutination assay is a good diagnostic test for the study of canine parvovirus where modern facilities of molecular diagnosis and the costly faecal ELISA test kits are not available.
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Objective: Comparative evaluation of efficacy and safety ofBepotastine besilate versus Olopatadine and Ketorolaccombination in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, open label,randomized, comparative clinical study. Hundred patients ofvernal keratoconjunctivitis between 6 to 20 years of age ofeither sex willing to give informed consent were enrolled in thestudy. In Group 1, 50 patients received Bepotastine besilate(0.15%) eye drops twice daily for 8 weeks whereas in Group 2,50 patients received Olopatadine (0.2%) and Ketorolac (0.4%)combination eye drops twice daily for 8 weeks. Symptoms andsigns scoring of VKC were recorded on baseline and at thetime of follow up at 4 and 8 weeks. Safety assessments werealso done in both the drug groups during the study period forany serious adverse effects.Results: After the 2 months of drug therapy, patients in boththe groups showed improvement in the symptoms and signsscoring of VKC. However, there was no statistically significantdifference between the two treatment groups at 4th and 8thweek. Both the drugs were well tolerated without any seriousadverse effect.Conclusion: Both bepotastine besilate versus olopatadine andKetorolac combination ophthalmic solutions were found to beeffective in alleviating the clinical symptoms and signs of VKC.
ABSTRACT
Ocular itching and redness adversely affect the quality-of-life of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) patients. The objective of thisstudy was to evaluate changes in VKC patient's quality-of-life (QOL). The present study was prospective, open label,randomized, comparative clinical study. Hundred patients of vernal keratoconjunctivitis between 6 to 20 years of age of eithersex willing to give informed consent were enrolled in the study. In Group A, 50 patients received Bepotastine besilate (0.15%)eye drops twice daily for 8 weeks whereas in Group B, 50 patients received Olopatadine (0.2%) and Ketorolac (0.4%)combination eye drops twice daily for 8 weeks. The Quality of Life Questionnaire (QUICK) is a reliable and validated which wasassessed at baseline and at the time of follow up at 8 weeks. QUICK Questionnaire scores range from 30 to 90 with higher valuesrepresenting greater impairment. A decrease in QUICK Questionnaire score is clinically meaningful to the patients.The results showed that after the 2 months of drug therapy, patients in both the groups showed decrease in the quality of lifescoring of VKC. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups at 8th week. It maybe concluded that both bepotastine besilate versus olopatadine and Ketorolac combination ophthalmic solutions were found to beeffective in alleviating the clinical symptoms and signs of VKC. Hence, improving the quality of life of VKC patients.Keywords: Mast cell stabilizer, Topical NSAIDs, Newer H1-antihistaminics, Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, Quality of life
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Introduction: Radiation mitigators are the compounds whichcan minimize or ameliorate post irradiation-toxicity providedthey are administered before the onset of toxic symptoms.Hence, there is an urgent need to prevent harmful effectssecondary to ionizing radiations.Material and Methods: Sixty patients of Head and neckcarcinoma more than 18 years of age of either sex and willingto give informed consent were included in the study. In Group1, 30 patients received the Beclomethasone cream that wastopically applied from the day-1 of radiotherapy till 4-weeksafter completion of radiotherapy, whereas In Group-2, 30patients received the local application of the herbal paste fromthe day-1 of radiotherapy till 4-weeks after completion ofradiotherapy.Results: For measuring radiation-induced reactions, nonparametric test like chi-square test was applied and number ofpatients in different grades was calculated as per RTOGcriteria. Similarly for measuring radiation-induced mucosalreactions, chi-square test was applied and number of patientsin different grades was calculated as per RTOG-criteria.Conclusion: Present study revealed a marked beneficialeffects of herbal paste containing Azadirachta indica, aloevera, Ocimum sanctum and Curcuma longa on radiationinduced skin injury in patients with Head and neck carcinomaas compared to topical Beclomethasone cream.
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Radiation mitigators are the compounds which can minimize post irradiation-toxicity provided theyare administered before the onset of toxic symptoms. In present study we compared pre and posttreatment quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.Sixty patients ofHead and neck carcinoma more than 18 years of age of either sex and willing to give informedconsent were included in the study. In Group-1, 30 patients received the Beclomethasone cream thatwas topically applied from the day-1 of radiotherapy till 4-weeks after completion of radiotherapy,whereas In Group-2, 30 patients received the local application of the herbal paste from the day-1 ofradiotherapy till 4-weeks after completion of radiotherapy. These 60 patients were evaluated at 6month post-therapy using the European organisation for research and treatment of cancer quality oflife questionnaire C30 .For measuring radiation-induced reactions, chi-square test was applied andnumber of patients in different grades was calculated as per Radiotherapy oncology group criteria.Similarly for measuring radiation-induced mucosal reactions, non-parametric test i.e chi-square testwas applied and number of patients in different grades was calculated as per radiotherapy oncologygroup criteria. As per quality of life questionnaire, evaluation on symptom scale revealed that fatigue,pain, dyspnoea, appetite loss and insomnia got worsened in Gp-1 patients, except for diarrhoea,constipation and nausea or vomiting while in Gp-2 patients, all symptoms showed improvement after6 month of completion of treatment. Comparing pre and post-treatment , the global health statusshowed statistically significant improvement in group-2 patients receiving polyherbal paste .The International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies (IJIMS), 2019, Vol 6, No.1,65-79. 66present study revealed a beneficial effects of polyherbal paste containing Azadirachta indica, aloevera, Ocimum sanctum and Curcuma longa on radiation induced skin injury in patients with Head andneck carcinoma as compared to topical Beclomethasone cream. Also there was improvement inquality of life in cancer patients receiving herbal paste measured at 6 month post-treatment.
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The process validation is establishing documented evidence which provides high degree of assurance that a specific process consistently produces a product meeting its predetermined specifications and quality characteristic. According to GMP validation studies are essential part of GMP these are required to be done as per predefined protocols. The validation study provides the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of the test methods employed by the firms, shall be established and documented. Thus the validation is an essential part of the quality assurance.
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In COPD, overactivation of ergoreceptors may be a link between peripheral changes, sympathetic over activation and increased hemodynamic and ventilatory responses to exercise. The current study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that, ergoreflex in COPD patients is hyperactive and contributes to breathlessness and exercise limitation. The aim of study was to (1) demonstrate its hyperactivity in COPD (2). To record other efferent effects. Twenty stable COPD male patients aged 50±2.5 years and twenty healthy male subjects aged 48±3.5 years were studied under experimental and control groups. The ergoreflex contribution to cardio respiratory parameters was assessed by post-handgrip regional circulatory occlusion method (PH-RCO) and computed as the difference in heart rate and respiratory rate response between PH-RCO and control run without PHRCO. Results were analyzed for significance between two groups by repeated measures ANOVA. COPD patients showed over activation of ergoreflex as compared to control subjects in terms of heart rate during sustained hand grip (SHG) exercise (117±1.22 versus 89±0.89) beats/min, recovery heart rate (p<0.001), and respiratory rate during SHG (24±0.54 versus 19±03.24) breaths/min and recovery respiratory rate (p<0.001). Degree of overactivation of ergoreflex was significant in COPD patients (p<0.001). In COPD, overactivity of ergoreflex is associated with abnormal cardio respiratory reflex control. COPD patients showed overactivation of sympathetic nervous system as evidenced by heart rate changes during exercise and delayed recovery.
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Waste management practices in three apex government hospitals of Agra viz., Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Lady Lyall Maternity Hospital and District Hospital were studied during January 2004-January 2005. Data were collected with the help of (i) personal observations of the waste treatment and disposal practices and (ii) assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices of working personnel with the help of questionnaires. The results obtained indicated lack of knowledge and awareness regarding legislations on bio-medical waste management even among qualified hospital personnel. None of these hospitals were equipped with higher technological options e.g. incinerator autoclave, microwave and had no facilities to treat the liquid waste generated inside the hospital. It is concluded that generation and implementation of a waste management policy institutiona/organizational set up, training and motivation must be given paramount importance to meet the current needs and standards of bio-medical waste management in these hospitals.
Subject(s)
Environmental Pollution/adverse effects , Hospitals, Public , Hot Temperature , Incineration , India , Medical Waste Disposal/methods , Microwaves , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Assessment , Time Factors , Waste Management/methodsABSTRACT
An adult female presented with a painful recurrent swelling on the posterior aspect of the scalp of six months' duration, which was clinically diagnosed as fibroma. An excision biopsy showed anaplastic epithelial cells arranged in irregular cords and trabeculae, mitosis, malignant chondroid areas, desmoplasia and perineural invasion, suggesting malignancy. Wide excision of the tumor was the only treatment given since there was no metastasis.
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The interaction of Cibacron blue F3GA with ribosome inactivating proteins, ricin, ricin A-chain and momordin has been investigated using difference absorption spectroscopy. Ricin was found to bind the dye with a 20- and 2-fold lower affinity than ricin A-chain and momordin, respectively. A time dependent increase in the amplitude of Cibacron blue difference spectrum in the presence of ricin was observed on addition of f3-mercaptoethanol. Analysis of the kinetic profile of this increase showed a biphasic phenomenon and the observed rates were found to be independent of the concentration of f3-mercaptoethanol. Kinetics of reduction of the intersubunit disulphide bond in ricin by f3-mercaptoethanoslh owed that reduction per se is a second order reaction. Therefore, the observed changes in the difference spectra of Cibacron blue probably indicate a slow change in the conformation of ricin, triggered by reduction of the intersubunit disulphide bond.