ABSTRACT
The regulation of proline accumulation in seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Badami) was investigated. The increasing concentration of NaCl from 0.5 to 2.5 % progressively increased the proline content in rice. Proline accumulation caused by NaCl was related to protein proteolysis, an increase in OAT, P5CS, P5CR activity, a decrease in PDH activity. The maximum increase in proline content was recorded at 2.5 % NaCl concentration as compared to control and other concentrations of NaCl. The highest significant activity of proline synthesizing enzymes, D1-Pyrrolline-5-carboxylate synthetase, D1-Pyrrolline-5-carboxylate reductase and Ornithine-d-aminotransferase with a lowest activity of proline hydrolysis enzymes; Proline dehydrogenase were also recorded at 2.5 % salinity over control and other concentrations of NaCl with a in-significant increase in the activity of D1-Pyrrolline-5-carboxylate synthetase and Ornithine-d-aminotransferase at 0.5 % concentration of NaCl over control. Externally the addition of 300mg MnCl2, 220 ml-1 ½ strength Hoagland solution, having 1% NaCl, was seen to increase a 893.9 % in proline content of this variety as compared to control.
ABSTRACT
Total 240 cases of 2-12 years age group who had contact of tuberculosis indirectly or directly and had chronic illness were screened for tuberculosis. Out of 240 cases, 180 cases were diagnosed as tuberculosis. Special emphasis was given on Mantoux Test (M.T.), though the battery of tests were done to diagnose tuberculosis. Out of 180 cases of Tuberculosis, M.T. was Positive in 97 cases (40.41%) and repeat M.T. was done after 3 weeks and was converted to Positive in 20 cases (8.33%). Thus only M.T. help in diagnosis of Tuberculosis in almost 50% of the cases.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Mass Screening/methods , Nutritional Status , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Socioeconomic Factors , Tuberculin Test/standards , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosisABSTRACT
Seven hundred and sixty-two cases of Japanese Encephalitis (JE) were studied during the last 5 years (1985-1989) in relation to age, sex, religion, nutritional status, living habits, exposure to domestic animals and mosquitos, clinical profile, seasonal variation and mortality pattern. The maximum occurrence was in 1987-1988 and it showed a preponderance in males (51-82%). The disease is progressively decreasing in Muslims (3-7%) and gradually increasing in tribes (25-60%). Children in the age-group of 6-7 years (19-25%) were maximally affected and the disease was rare in infancy. The common features were coma, convulsions, neck rigidity and fever (88-97%). Gastrointestinal manifestations were rare (3.6%) but were associated with the highest mortality. About 80-95% had exposure to domestic animals directly or indirectly and 95% of the patients were not using mosquito nets. The CSF protein and sugar content were normal, with or without slight leucocytosis while the lymphocyte count was variable. The CSF and blood picture had no significant relation with clinical presentation and prognosis.