A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Proteus mirabilis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#A core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) scheme to genotype and identify potential risk clonal groups (CGs) in Proteus mirabilis.@*METHODS@#In this work, we propose a publicly available cgMLST scheme for P. mirabilis using chewBBACA. In total 72 complete P. mirabilis genomes, representing the diversity of this species, were used to set up a cgMLST scheme targeting 1,842 genes, 635 unfinished (contig, chromosome, and scaffold) genomes were used for its validation.@*RESULTS@#We identified a total of 205 CGs from 695 P. mirabilis strains with regional distribution characteristics. Of these, 159 unique CGs were distributed in 16 countries. CG20 and CG3 carried large numbers of shared and unique antibiotic resistance genes. Nine virulence genes ( papC, papD, papE, papF, papG, papH, papI, papJ, and papK) related to the P fimbrial operon that cause severe urinary tract infections were only found in CG20. These CGs require attention due to potential risks.@*CONCLUSION@#This research innovatively performs high-resolution molecular typing of P. mirabilis using whole-genome sequencing technology combined with a bioinformatics pipeline (chewBBACA). We found that the CGs of P. mirabilis showed regional distribution differences. We expect that our research will contribute to the establishment of cgMLST for P. mirabilis.

An analysis on the effect of comprehensive intervention of HIV/AIDS PMTCT among pregnant women living with HIV in Zhoushan Islands / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate the effect of HIV/AIDS Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) among pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS in Zhoushan Islands and to provide basis for local PMTCT measures.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 23 cases of HIV antibody positive pregnant women who were treated with PMTCT during 2013-2015.Results Eight of the 23 cases decided to terminate the pregnancy while other 15 cases of pregnant decided to continue pregnancy,and preventive antiviral block drug therapy during pregnancy or before delivery was performed among 15 cases of pregnant,with the rate 100％ (15/15).The rate of neonatal preventive antiviral block drug therapy was 76.47％ (13/17).Neonates who were not breast fed was 88.24％ (15/17).The HIV positive rate among children was 0 (0/17) when they were detected at 18 month after birth.Conclusion PMTCT could effectively decrease the risk of mother -to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS.

Dynamic change of four triterpenic acids contents in different organs of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) and phenology / 中国中药杂志

The loquat is widely cultivated in China, its succulent fruits, leaves and flower are used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases. The study is aimed to analyse the content of the four triterpene compounds ( ursolic acid, corosolic acid, maslinic acid, oleanolic acid) in different organs, and investigate the dynamic changes in different phenological period. The triterpenic acids content in the samples was measured by HPLC based on the plant phenological observations. The results showed that order of four triterpenic acids content in different organs from high to low was defoliation (23.2 mg x g(-1)) > mature leaves (21.7 mg x g(-1)) > young leaves (17.5 mg x g(-1)) > fruits (7.36 mg x g(-1)) > flowers (6.40 mg x g(-1)). The triterpenic acids were not detected in the seeds. The total amount of the four triterpenic acids in the loquat leaves collected in the different phenological stages of sprout, flower bud, blossom and fruit varied between 17.8 and 26.2 mg x g(-1) (defoliation), 16.5 and 23.5 mg x g(-1) (mature leaves), 14.7 and 21.5 mg x g(-1) (young leaves), respectively. The content increased progressively with the leaf development, maturation and aging. There was a higher level of the dry material and triterpenic acids accumulation in the mature leaves during fruit enlargement. This paper attempts to present the case for medicinal plants of a broad geographical distribution to study on the secondary metabolites and harvesting time.

An analysis on HIV infection status and related factors among men who have sex with men / 预防医学

Objective To learn the prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM)in Zhoushan City,and to analyze the risk factors of HIV infection.Methods A total of 267 MSM were recruited,the information about HIV /AIDS prevention -related knowledge and behavior characteristics among MSM were collected with a face -to -face questionnaire interview.Serological detection for HIV and syphilis infection were conducted simultaneously.Results The average age of the MSMwas 29.45 ±8.16 years old.The awareness rate of HIV /AIDS prevention -related knowledge was 88.76%.During the previous six months,91.76% of the MSM had homosexual and 74.29% of them reported using condom when having anal sex.In the previous six months,10.11% of the MSMhad heterosexual behavior and 40.74% of the MSM reported using condom when having sex behavior with female.HIV and syphilis infection rates in the MSM were 2.62% and 8.24%,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that men aged 20 -30 years(OR =2.26,95%CI:1.74 -3.59),sexual activity outside the scope of the city(OR =2.03,95%CI:1.31 -2.95),never use condom when having anal sex in the previous 6 months (OR =1.94,95%CI:1.21 -2.69)were the risk factors of HIV infection.Conclusion The MSMamong Zhoushan City have unsafe sex behavior.Effective interventions should be implemented against the main risk factors.

Microscopic autofluorescence study of cardiac cancer and normal gastric tissues / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the microscopic autofluorescent characteristics of cardiac cancer and autofluorescence distribution in different layers of gastric tissues.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A double-channel laser scanning confocal microscopy with Argon ion laser (excitation wavelength 488 nm) and Helium-Neon laser (excitation wavelength 543 nm) were used to detect the autofluorescence emitted from 16 surgical specimens of cardiac cancer and corresponding normal gastric tissue. The autofluorescence image was analyzed between the cardiac cancer tissue and normal gastric tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Autofluorescence was detected successfully in cardiac carcinoma and corresponding normal gastric corpus tissues of all 16 cases. In different layers of gastric tissue, fluorescence presented the strongest signal in submucosa,the second strong in luminal propria with fluorescence mostly distributed in the glands, fluorescence signal from gastric cancer was significantly decreased compared with those in the different layers of normal tissues (P< 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are significant differences in the shape, color, distribution and fluorescence intensity of microscopic autofluorescence between cardiac cancer tissues and normal gastric corpus tissues.</p>