ABSTRACT
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common sports injury that has a significant impact on knee function and patients′ mobility. With the popularity of national fitness campaign in China, the incidence of ACL injury is increasing year by year. Currently, there still lacks clinical standards or guidelines on how to choose appropriate treatment methods, surgical plans and rehabilitation protocols for ACL injury. In order to timely reflect the new treatment concept of ACL injury, standardize its diagnosis and treatment and improve the curative effect, the Sports Medicine Society of Chinese Research Hospital Association and the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized domestic orthopedic and sports medicine experts to formulate the "clinical evidence-based guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injury (2022 version)" based on the level of evidence-based medicine and in compliance with the principle of scientificity, practicability and advancement. The present guideline includes 12 recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of ACL injury in order to provide guidance and assistance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ACL injury in China.
ABSTRACT
This paper is to show a way of acqusition of the variable region gene of rabbit osteoprotegerin (OPG) and to analyse series. Total RNA was extracted from rabbit tibia, transcripted reversely into cDNA with random primers. The variable region of the OPG gene ampliflied using 5'RACE. Sequencing was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and sequencing analysis. Full length of OPG gene was 1540bp that encoding 400 amino acids. It shared 89% identity with human OPG in whole amino acid sequence and about 85% with rattus norvegicus and other mammal. The OPG sequence of rabbit was obtained by 5'RACE, which could provide a good basis for OPG functional study.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Base Sequence , Molecular Sequence Data , Osteoprotegerin , Genetics , Sequence Homology, Amino AcidABSTRACT
The finite element model of the intact lumbar spine (L1-L5) was set up to study the biomechanical changes of three different pairs of the lumbar laminectomy. The three-dimensional finite elements model of L1-L5 vertebrae structure was constructed by the combination of self-compiled software and Hyper Mesh. The finite element model was compared with the experimental data in vitro. The finite element model was modified of stenosis at L3-L4 and L4-L5 with the same boundary conditions and physical loads to study the motion and loading in the annulus changes at the surgical site as a result of surgical alteration. The study suggested that the removal of posterior lumbar spinal elements for the treatment of stenosis at L3-L4 and L4-L5 produced a graded increase in motion at the surgical site, with the greatest changes occurring in flexion-extension and axial rotation and that during lateral bending the amount of resection was only slightly affected. The data showed that for flexion-extension and axial rotation the increases in motion were correlated to the extent of posterior element removal. It is necessary to retain the greatest degree of posterior lumbar structures in thorough decompression, which can further reduce the postoperative intervertebral disc, facet degeneration.