A novel technique for removal of broken instrument from root canal in mandibular second molar.

The fracture of an endodontic instrument is an obstacle in completion of a routine successful pulp space therapy. Ni-Ti instruments corrode when in contact with sodium hypochlorite which leads to their deterioration and ultimately fracture during use. Removal of separated instrument from root canal is often a very difficult procedure. This procedure is more complicated when the instrument separated is closer to the mandibular canal. A case is presented in which a separated hand instrument was retrieved from the mesio buccal of a second molar approximating the mandibular canal root by replantation.

Antibacterial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite with a novel sonic agitation device.

Objective : The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with sonic agitation devices. Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted human single-rooted teeth were collected. Canals were prepared up to Profile #35/0.06. Forty teeth were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 24 hours. The teeth were then divided into five groups based on the agitation device used. Group 1- was agitated with EndoActivator . Group 2 was agitated with Waterpik Power Flosser. In Group 3, Waterpik flosser was used with a nickel-titanium file. Group 4 (positive control) was not subjected to any agitation, and Group 5 -was the negative control. Superficial and deep dentinal shavings were collected from coronal and apical halves and sowed in brain heart infusion (BHI) agar to evaluate colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Results: Krusal Wallis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Whitney U test showed that Group 3 showed a smaller number of CFUs/mL Group 2 showed a relatively greater number of CFU/mL. The deep apical dentin areas showed more number of CFUs relative to other sites. Conclusion: The nickel-titanium file attached to the Waterpik Power Flosser system was found to be as effective as the EndoActivator in antibacterial efficacy against E.faecalis.

Assessment of precipitate formation on interaction of irrigants used in different combinations: An in vitro study.

Introduction: Irrigants play an essential role in the successful debridement and disinfection of pulp space. Various combination of irrigants used during root canal treatment enhance their efficacy, but some form precipitates which affects the diffusion of intracanal medicaments and the seal of the obturated root canal. Aim: To evaluate the combination of various irrigants whether it forms the precipitate and also to quantify the amount of precipitate formed. Materials and Methods: Five different irrigants were taken in ten test tubes each having the combination of two irrigants and observed for 2 min for precipitate formation. Results: One-way-ANOVA test revealed more amounts of precipitate with 2% Chlorhexidine (CHX) 5% Tulsi followed by 2% CHX, 5% Neem and 3% Sodium hypochlorite 2% CHX. Conclusion: Precipitate formation is seen more with the 2% CHX-5% Neem followed by 2% CHX-5% Tulsi when compared with the control group. When these combinations of irrigants were used, intermediate flushes of saline or distilled water reduced the amount of precipitate.

Endodontic retreatment - unusual anatomy of a maxillary second and mandibular first premolar: Report of two cases.

An accurate diagnosis of the morphology of the root canal system is a prerequisite for successful root canal treatment. A major cause of endodontic treatment failure in missed (or) untreated root canals is that they still harbor infection. Careful radiographic interpretation and examination of pulp chamber floors are helpful in locating root canal entrances. These case reports present anatomical variations in upper and lower premolars.