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Objective@#To understand the willingness and associated factors with novel coronavirus vaccination (‘COVID-19 vaccination’) among parents of primary and middle school students in Tongzhou District of Beijing, and to provide reference for studying the feasibility of COVID-19 vaccination among students.@*Methods@#Multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was conducted to select 3 026 parents of students in Tongzhou District. An online questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the willingness of COVID-19 vaccination by different characteristics. Multivariate Logistic regression model was conducted to analyze associated factors of COVID-19 vaccination.@*Results@#About 65.40% of parents were willing to vaccinate their children. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parets from rural areas, who had daughters, children in good health, who direct participated in the prevention and control, and those whose child had received vaccines at their own cost are more positive with COVID-19 vaccination of children(OR=1.17, 1.33, 0.64, 1.32, 1.47, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Parents of primary and secondary schools in Tongzhou District have a low willingness to vaccinate their children with COVID-19 vaccine. The propaganda of the government authorities and the official media should be strengthened, and the vaccination rate should be improved through the recommendation of medical personnel.
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The recent progresses on chemical components and pharmacological activities of the genus Valerianawere summarized.Besides-essential oil, the chemical composition of Valerianais mainly focused on monoterpenoids,sesquiterpenoids,lignans, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc. Iridoids are the main chemical components ofmonoterpenoids. There are two types ofiridoidson the basis of the cyclopentane open or not. The Valerianahas been drawmuch attention for their significant sedation,spasmolysis,antidepression,antitumor, against adenosine A1 receptors and cytotoxicityactivity,and had certain function for cardiovascular disease treatment. Given to the fact of the lack of systematic review and summary of studies on the Valeriana, we summarized and analyze the study literatures on the pharmacological activity of Valerianain recent years, and providedsome basisfor further study.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of pioglitazone on renal osteopontin expression in diabetic rats. METHODS: Sprague Dawlry rats were randomly divided into the normal control group and the model group. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in the model group rats. After diabetes was confirmed, diabetic rats were assigned randomly into three subgroups; the diabetic rats without treatment, 3 and 15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 pioglitazone treated diabetic rats. At the end of the 8th week, 24h urine samples were collected to examine microalbuminuria (mAlb). At the same time, blood glucose levels and serum creatinine (Scr) were measured. Stained kidney sections were observed under light microscope. The expressions of OPN protein and OPN mRNA were detected by immunohisto-chemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. RESULTS: Treatment with 3 and 15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 pioglitazone could decrease Scr, mAlb and RKW in diabetic rats. Compared with diabetic rats, blood glucose level was lower in diabetic rats treated with 15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 pioglitazone: however, no significant change was observed at the 3 mg-1 kg · d-1 dose. Compared with normal control rats, the OPN protein and mRNA expressions of the whole nephritic kidney in diabetic rats were upregulated (P<0.05). After treatment with 3 and 15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 pioglitazone, the expressions of OPN protein and mRNA reduced compared with diabetic rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The OPN expression in renal tissues is increased in diabetic rats, suggesting that OPN has emerged as a potential key pathophysiologic contributor in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Pioglitazone can reduce microalbuminuria in diabetic rats. The renal protective effect of pioglitazone in DN may involve the suppression of increased OPN.