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Scientific misconduct of researchers causes great waste of academic resources and academic life, which is not only related to the vigorous development of a country’s scientific undertaking, but also directly affects the reputation of the country in the field of scientific research. Based on the analysis of the causes of scientific misconduct of medical researchers in China, this paper comprehensively summarized a series of mature experiences of extraterritorial medical field in preventing scientific misconduct, and put forward corresponding and reasonable countermeasures and suggestions for China’s scientific research governance from three aspects: establishing an effective governance structure based on the normative framework, clarifying the definition standards of scientific research dishonesty in laws and regulations, and formulating good prevention procedures in a healthy academic environment, in order to promote the healthy development of scientific research in China’s medical field and further promote the innovation and progress of medical science and technology.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of hemodialysis patients after superficial femoral artery - superficial femoral vein arteriovenous graft (AVG). Methods Hemodialysis patients with mid - thigh superficial femoral artery - superficial femoral vein AVG from August 2015 to March 2018 in department of vascular surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were enrolled. Their clinical outcomes and complications after operation were analyzed retrospectively. Patency rates were measured by Kaplan - Meier survival curve. Results A total of 18 cases were enrolled. The success rate of the operation was 100％without complication. Follow - up time was (22.00 ± 11.77) months with 100％ follow - up rate. The 6 months -, 12 months -, 24 months - primary patency rates were 83.3％±8.8％, 48.5％±12.1％, 24.2％± 13.5％, respectively; secondly patency rates were 100.0％, 100.0％, 87.5％±11.7％. There were 1 case of seroma, 1 case of puncture site infection, 11 cases of stenosis and 5 cases thrombosis during follow-up, while no heart failure, ischemia or pseudoaneurysm. Conclusion Mid - thigh AVG has low infection rate and high patency rate, so it can be as the first choice for the lower extremity AVG in hemodialysis patients.
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This study aimed to investigate biomechanical properties of synthetic implants for reconstructive surgery of pelvic floor dysfunction. In this dissertation, we chose four synthetic implants, i.e. total pelvic floor repair system (PROLIFT), gynecone TVT obtutator system (TVT-O), intra-vaginal sling placement device (IVS) and acellular dermal matrix (Renov), for tensile test respectively. The biomechanical properties of four synthetic implants were measured and analyzed using a material testing machine (Instron 4302 versatile material testing machine). The biomechanical parameters included ultimate stress strength, modulus of elasticity, maximum load and maximum elongation. The results showed that the maximum load of the four symthetic implants was TVT-O > IVS > PROLIFT > Renov, and the maximum load of TVT-O was significantly higher than PROLIFT and Renov ( < 0.05). The ultimate stress strength was TVT-O > IVS > PROLIFT > Renov, with no significant differences among them ( > 0.05). The maximum elongation of the four implants was TVT-O > PROLIFT > IVS > Renov, and the maximum elongation of TVT-O and PROLIFT were both significantly higher than Renov ( < 0.05). The modulus of elasticity was IVS > Renov > TVT-O > PROLIFT, with no significant differences among them ( > 0.05). Taken together, the present study demonstrates that the modulus of elasticity of IVS was the highest in the four synthetic implants; TVT-O had the highest mechanical strength; The maximum load, ultimate stress strength and maximum elongation of Renov were all the lowest; The mechanical properties of PROLIFT was the most stable, and its modulus of elasticity was the lowest in the four synthetic implants, which had good extensibility and elasticity. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the biomechanical properties of new pelvic reconstructive materials for the clinical pelvic reconstructive surgery.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between transforming growth factor gene (TGF) single nucleotide poly‐morphism (SNP) and multiple myeloma (MM) .Methods The case control study was performed ,55 patients with MM and 55 healthy controls were selected .The genotype and allele detections were performed by adopting the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the ligase detection reaction (LDR) respectively .Then the sequencing based typing was further conducted .Results There were no statistically significant differences in the two loci genotype frequencies ,allele frequencies and genotype frequencies in joint hap‐loid typing between the MM group and the control group(P>0 .05) .Conclusion SNP of TGF gene has no obvious correlation with the occurrence of MM and subtypes.
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Objective To understand the incidence and the severity of hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and to analyze the impact of OSAHS on the circadian rhythm of blood pressure in patients with hypertension and to investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of hypertension from the aspects of nocturnal hypoxemia and sleep structure. Methods Polysomnography monitor was used for 7-hour sleep monitoring at night and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in 77 patients with OSAHS (severe, n = 33; moderate, n = 23; mild, n = 23). The sleep-related indicators and blood pressure at different times were analyzed, and they were compared to the patients with hypertension without OSAHS (n = 15) and normal controls (n = 15). Results (1) The body mass index (BMI) in the severe, moderate, and mild OSAHS groups was 29.1±2.8, 25.0±2.5, and 23.2±3.0 kg/m~2 respectively, and they were all significantly higher than 20.3±4.1 kg/m~2 in the control group (all P <0.05); sleep apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 56.2±14.7, 19.1± 4.4, and 11.2±4.3/h respectively, and they were significantly higher than 2.9±1.0/h in the control group (all P <0. 05); oxygen saturation index (ODI) was 62.5±20.4, 19.6±8.8, and 24.8±22.7/h respectively, and they were significantly higher than 2.7±2.0/h in the control group (all P <0.05); microarousal index (MI) was 47.5±20.9, 12.8±4.6, and 9.8±4.6/h respectively, arid they were significantly higher than 1.3±1.1/h in the control group (all P < 0.05); 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure was 133±14.5, 126±6.5, and 118± 9.9 mm Hg respectively, and the severe and moderate OSAHS groups were significantly higher than 117±9. 6 mm Hg (all P <0.05); 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure was 92.8±9.6, 86.3±7.5, and 81.9±3.9 mm Hg respectively, and the severe and moderate OSAHS groups were significantly higher than 78.5±5.6 mm Hg in the control group (all P <0.05); and the lowest oxygen saturation was 65.5%±10.4%, 78.5%±5.1%, and 79.7%±9.6% respectively, and the severe and moderate OSAHS groups were significantly lower than 84.7% ±8.2% (P <0.05). (2) There was no significant difference in blood pressure before going to bed and waking up between the hypertension group and the control group. The blood pressure after waking up in the OSAHS combined with hypertension group was significantly higher than before going to bed (142.0±12.4/110.0±10.2 mm Hg vs. 127.4±9.8/84.2± 6.0 mm Hg, P <0.05). (3) ODI and MI in the OSAHS combined with hypertension group were 43.5±26.2/h and 31.6±21.2/h respectively, and they were significantly higher than 26.7± 13.2/h and 27.5±20.6/h in the non-hypertension OSAHS group (all P <0.05), and the non-rapid eye movement sleep period S3 +4 and the sleep efficiency of the former were 5.1%± 3.5% and 62.2±15.4% respectively, and they were all significantly lower than 8.8%± 5.2% and 69.92%±14.8% of the latter (P <0.05 and 0.01, respectively). (4) component ratio of non-dipper blood pressure curve was 56.1% in the OSAHS combined with hypertension group, and it was significantly higher than 13.1% in the control group and 16.7% in the simple hypertension group (all P <0.01 ). (5) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ODI (OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.57-1.07; P = 0.01 ), MI (OR = 0.925, 95% CI 0.874-0.980; P =0.008) and the time of period S3 +4 (OR = 1.087, 95% CI 1.034-1.142; P =0.001 ) were significantly correlated with hypertension alter adjusting for BMI, sex and age. Conclusions Systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the OSAHS group were significantly high-er than those in the normal control group, and the blood pressure increased with the aggravation of OSAHS. 1he circadian rhythm of blood pressure disappeared, and the blood pressure variabili-ty showed a non-dipper-shaped curve. The major risk factor for causing patients with OSAHS combined with hypertension was nocturnal hypoxemia and then severe sleep disorders and in-creased MI.
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Studies in recent years have suggested that the basic characteristics of the identified cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subeortical infarcts and leukoencepha-lopathy (CADASIL) are the onset of the disorder with a form of familial hereditary, middle-age onset with progressive ischemic stroke-like course and multiple diffuse white matter lesions, the identified MRI abnormal white matter signals and pathology. Molecular genetic studies have suggested that the multiple mutations of the Notch3 gene are associated with CADASIL. The combination of gene diagnosis with peripheral tissue biopsy may be the most valuable diagnostic means before death. To study CADASIL from the aspects of pathogenesis and clinical manifestations contributes to improve clinical diagnosis rate.