Study on Preventive Effects and Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg 1 on Focal Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury Model Rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To st udy preventive effect and mec hanism of ginsenoside Rg 1 on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury（CIRI）model rats. METHODS ：Totally 78 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group ，model group ， butylphthalide control group （positive control ，10 mL/kg），ginsenoside Rg 1 low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups （10， 20，40 mg/kg），with 13 rats in each group. Administration groups were give relevant medicine intraperitoneally ，sham operation group and model group were given constant volume of normal saline intraperitoneally ，once a day ，for consecutive 7 d. After medication，except for the sham operation group ，focal CIRI model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） method in other groups. After modeling ，neurological deficit scoring was performed according to the modified neurological difict scoring standard ； TTC staining was used to detected the percentage of cerebral infarction of rats ；the cerebral water content was measured by dry/wet weight method ；serum contents of IL- 1β and IL-6 were detected by ELISA ；the protein expressions of p-p 38 MAPK and p-NF-κB p65 in cerebral tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting assay. RESULTS ： Compared with sham operation ，neurological deficits score ，percentage of cerebral infarction and cerebral water content ，serum contents of IL- 1β and IL-6，positive expression numbers of cells and protein expressions of p-p 38 MAPK and p-NF-κB p65 in cerebral tissue were increased significantly in model group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，above index levels of administration groups were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），and the effect of ginsenoside Rg 1 had a dose-dependent trend ；there was no significant difference of all above indexes between ginsenoside Rg 1 middle-dose，high-dose groups and butylphthalide control group （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Ginsenoside Rg 1 has a certain preventive effect on focal CIRI model rats ，the mechanism of which may be associated with down-regulating the protein expression of p-p 38 MAPK and p-NF-κB p65，inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors such as IL- 1β and IL-6.

Determination of Ginsenoside Rb_1,Ginsenoside Re and Ginsenoside Rg_1 in Yixin Fumai Granula by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To determine Ginsenoside Rg1,Ginsenoside Re and Ginsenoside Rb1 in Yixin fumai granula by HPLC.METHODS: Samples were determined on a Diamond C18(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m).The mobile phase consisted of accetonitrile-water by gradient elution with flow rate at 1 mL?min-1,UV detection wavelength at 203 nm,column temperature at 25 ℃ and sample size at 10 ?L.RESULTS: The linear ranges of Ginsenoside Rg1,Ginsenoside Re and Ginsenoside Rb1 were 0.645～6.450 ?g(r=0.999 8),0.54～5.40 ?g(r=0.999 7) and 0.605～6.050 ?g(r=0.999 9),respectively;the average recoveries were 100.59%(RSD=2.03%),98.70%(RSD=1.46%)and 98.99%(RSD=1.19%),respectively.CONCLUSION: The method is sensitive,simple and accurate,and it can be used for the quality control of Yixin fumai granula.

Chinese Pharmaceutical Industry vs. Other Industries in Profits Level / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the profits level and profits-gaining capability of Chinese pharmaceutical industry.METHODS:Based on the data recorded in yearbooks between 2001 and 2006,the profits levels were compared between Chinese pharmaceutical industry and China social average assets,other industries in China and overseas pharmaceutical industry.RESULTS:Between 2000～ 2005,the profits level of Chinese pharmaceutical industry was lower than that of Chinese social average assets,i.e.the profit-gaining capability of Chinese pharmaceutical industry was lower than that of China social average assets.Between 2002～ 2004,the profits level of Chinese pharmaceutical industry ranked at the first 10 places among the 39 industries,but dropped far behind in 2005,meanwhile the number of pharmaceutical enterprises who suffered loss increased greatly.CONCLUSION:The prospect for the development of Chinese pharmaceutical industry and the industry environment they confronted are far from optimistic.

On Risk and Return in Domestic Pharmaceutical Industry in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a reasonable return level for Chinese pharmaceutical industry and to study the return level of the domestic pharmaceutical industry from 2000 to 2005.METHODS:In view of the financial data of Chinese pharmaceutical industry in the statistical yearbook from 2001 to 2006,the return level for Chinese pharmaceutical industry was established based on its risk level using the principle of "risk-return equilibrium",and the rationality of the return level of Chinese pharmaceutical industry over the 6 years was validated as well.RESULTS:Over the 6 years,the average lowest anticipating rate of return for the Chinese medicine industry was 7.72% and the actually average assets income rate stood at 8.53%,i.e.the average abnormal return rate over the 6 years was 0.81%.CONCLUSION:The return rate of Chinese pharmaceutical industry corresponds to the risk level as well as the reasonable return level.

Ultrasonic diagnosis of congenital vaginal reclined septum syndrome / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To study the ultrasonic features of the congenital vaginal reclined septum syndrome (CVRS) in order to apply a precise way for operations. Methods To diagnose CVRS accurately before operation, the ultrasonogram and clinical characteristics of 15 cases were studied retrospectively. Results There were duplicated uterus and cervices with ipsilateral renal agenesis on the reclined septum side in all the patients,11 in the right and 4 in the left. All of 10 cases of type Ⅰhad been made final diagnosis before operation according to the specific ultrasonogram and the rest of type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ had been made reliable diagnosis. Conclusions Ultrasonic examination should be the first way to diagnose CVRS.

Quality standard for Gutongning Liniment / 中成药

AIM: To establish the method for quality control of Gutongning Liniment(Herba Epimedii,Semen Strychni,Herba Ephedrae,etc.) METHODS: Herba Ephedrae,Radix Notoginseng,Ramulus Cinnamomi,Flos Caryophylli,Flos Daturae were identified by TLC,icariin content in Herba Epimedii and strychnine content in Semen Strychni were determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The identified characteristics of chromatography were distinct and the spots were clear.Icariin showed a good linear relationship at a range of 0.2-1.2 ?g,r=0.999 8.The(average) recovery was 10.3%,and RSD was 1.5%.Strychnine showed a good linear relationship at a range of 0.8-4.8 ?g,r=0.999 7.The average recovery was 99.17%,and RSD was 1.4%. CONCLUSION: The methods are accurate and reliable,and can be used to control the quality of this preparation effectively.

Study on quality standard for Zangfukang Suppository / 中成药

AIM: To establish the method for quality control of Zangfukang Supposit ory (Radix Przewalskii tanguticae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Herba Oxytropis falca tae, etc.). METHODS: Radix Przewalskii tanguticae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Her ba Oxytropis falcatae were identified by TLC, and the content of hyoscyamine in Radix Przewalskii tanguticae was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The ethyl acetate-methanol-ammonia(17∶2∶1) was applied as the developer for the identification of Radix Przewalskii tanguticae on silica gel G coating plate. The cyclohexane-ethyl acetate-formic acid (30∶15∶1) was applied as the developer for the identification of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli on s ilic a gel G coating plate. The cyclohexane-ethyl acetate-formic acid (50∶10∶1) w as taken as the developer for the identification of Herba Oxytropis falcatae als o on silica gel G coating plate. Hyoscyamine showed a good linear relationship a t a range of 2.5～25?g,r=0.9999. The average recovery was 99.59%, and RSD was 1.34%. CONCLUSION: The methods are accurate and reliable, and can control the quality of this preparation effectively.

The effect of intra-articular ligustrazine injection on degenerative cartilage of the rabbit's knee / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To observe the effects of ligustrazine intra-articular injection on cartilage degeneration in OA.To estimate and discuss the vistas of clinical application with ligustrazine intraarticular injection.(Methods)26 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups,2 rabbits in normal group,8 rabbits in model,control and experimental group,respectively.OA animal model was established in rabbits by the way of fixing right posterior knee joint with plaster cast in strecthing state in model,control and experimental group.(0.3mL) ligustrazine intra-articular injection was carried out once a week in experimental group.(0.3mL) dexamethasone in the same way was made in control group.At 6 week and 9 weeks later,optic and electron microscopic examinations were conducted to observe the pathological changes of articular cartilage of the knee of these animals.Results There was a significant difference in Mankin scale between experimental group and 3 other groups((P0.05)),and between these 2 groups the electro microscopic observation was similar.Conclusion Intra-articular injection of ligustrazine can alleviate degeneration and promote self-reparation of articular cartilage.Method of intra-articular injection of cortisocteroid has no reparation effect on OA cartilage(degeneration).