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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of exercise load on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of normal lumbar intervertebral discs in magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty healthy volunteers (24 males and 6 females, aged 19 to 25 years) underwent examinations with MR T2WI and DTI of the lumbar intervertebral discs before and after exercise load. Pfirrmann grading was evaluated with T2WI, and the B0 map, ADC map and FA map were reconstructed based on the DTI data to investigate the changes in ADC and FA after exercise.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 30 volunteers (150 intervertebral discs) receiving the examination, 27 with discs of Pfirrminn grade II were included for analysis. In these 27 volunteers, the average ADC and FA before exercise were (1.99 ± 0.18)×10⁻³ mm²/s and 0.155∓0.059, respectively. After exercise, ADC was lowered significantly to (1.93 ± 0.17)×10⁻³ mm²/s (P<0.05) and FA increased slightly to 0.1623 ± 0.017 (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DTI allows quantitatively analysis of the changes in water molecular diffusion and anisotropy of the lumbar intervertebral discs after exercise load, which can cause a decreased ADC and a increased FA value, and the change of ADC is more sensitive to exercise load.</p>
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Anisotropy , Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Diffusion Tensor Imaging , Exercise , Intervertebral Disc , Physiology , Lumbosacral Region , Physiology , Reference ValuesABSTRACT
Objective To detect radiation-induced changes of temporal lobe normal-appearing white matter on conventional MRI following radiation therapy (RT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods The clinical and imaging features of 75 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed,all patients were confirmed by biopsy.All patients performed conventional MRI and Diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) examinations,and there was no abnormal finding on conventional MRI.Eighteen patients without radiotherapy were selected as the control group and fifty-seven patients with radiotherapy were as the experimental group.We divided the experimental group into five subgroups based on completion time of RT:group 1 (less than 3 months,n =16),group 2 (3 to 6 months,n =12),group 3 (6 to 9 months; n =10),group 4 (9 to12 months,n =8),and group 5 ( more than 12 months,n =11 ).The mean diffusivity ( MD),apparent diffusion coefficient ( ADC ),fractional anisotropy ( FA),radial diffusivity ( λ⊥ ) and axial diffusivity ( k ‖ ) were calculated in bilateral temporal lobe.One-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) test was used for comparison among groups.Results The mean λ⊥ values of the control group and experimental groups ( group1-5 ) after radiotherapy were ( 6.075 ± 0.341 ) × 10 -4 (6.700±0.379) × 10-4,(6.976 ±0.527) ×10-4,(6.621 ±0.388) ×10-4,(6.751 ±0.460) ×10-4,(6.222 ±0.256) × 10-4 mm2/s,respectively.The mean λ ‖ values of the control group and experimental groups were (12.524±0.713) ×10-4,(11.764 ±0.574) ×l0-4,(11.842±0.471) ×10-4,(11.569 ± 0.552) × 10-4,( 12.050 ±0.614) × 10-4,( 12.100 ±0.529) × 10-4 mm2/s,respectively.The mean FA values of the control group and experimental groups were 0.452 ± 0.030,0.379 ± 0.028,0.382 ± 0.028,0.389 ± 0.032,0.388 ± 0.022,0.423 ± 0.232,respectively.The three indicators were significantly different among groups ( F =10.485,4.625,16.539,respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ). Multiple comparisons showed that λ⊥ increased significantly in group 1-4 compared with that in the control group.In group 5,λ ⊥ was not significantly different from that in the control group,λ ‖ decreased in group 1-3 compared with that in the control group,but was not significantly different in the control group and group 4-5. In all experimental groups,FA decreased significantly. MD and ADC values in experimental groups were not significantly different from those in the control group. Conclusion Diffusion tensor imaging is a noninvasive and quantitative method to detect the structural changes in WM after RT and can provide scientific evidence for the early diagnosis and intervention treatment of radiation-induced changes.
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Objective To investigate the changes of brain tissue in bilateral temporal lobes at different stages after nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy by diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)and 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS).Methods DTI and 1H-MRS were performed in 48 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.in which conventional MRI revealed normal findings after radiotherapy.Twenty-four healthy controls were enrolled in this study and underwent the galne MR scanning.After the image processing and spectral analysis,apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC),fractional anisotropy(FA) and 3 eigenvalue λ1,λ2,λ3 of DTI and the NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr of 1H-MRS were measured in bilateral temporal lobes.Forty-eight NPC patients were divided into 3 groups [ less than 6 months(16 cases),6 to 12 months (6 cases)and more than 12 months(26 cases)after radiotherapy]according to different stages of radiationinduced injury of brain.each group's DTI and 1H-MRS data were measured respectively and one-way ANOVA was applied to analyze each parameter. Results The FA value of each test group(less than 6 months.6 to 12 months and more than 12 months)and the control group were 0.445±0.017,0.460±0.016,0.461±0.025,0.473±0.023 respectively.The ADC values of each group were(8.51±0.43)×10-4.(8.48±0.34)×10-4,(8.40±0.33)×10-4,(8.68±0.57)×10-4mm2/s respectively.And the maximum eigenvalue λ1 of each group were(1.251±0.065)× 10-3,(1.293±0.051)×10-3,(1.317±0.074)×10-3,(1.350±0.091)× 10-3mm2/s.The three indicators were significantly difrerent among groups(F=10.873,3.399,9.750 respectively,P<0.05).λ2,λ3 values showed no significant difference among the groups.The NAA/Cho of 1H-MRS of each groups were0.910±0.112,0.972±0.101,1.060±0.095,1.261±0.105 respectively,and the NAA/Cr were 1.212±0.236,1.208±0.183,1.228±0.236,1.435±0.225 respectively.Both of them had significant differences among groups(F=52.840,8.176 respectively,P<0.01).Cho/Cr showed no significant difference among the groups.Conclusions DTI combining with 1H-MRS play a certain guiding role on monitoring and evaluating of radiation injury of brain tissue in nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.It Can provide a scientific basis for the dynamic monitoring of radiation brain injury.
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Objective To explore the clinical value of multi-slice CT enhancement perfusion imaging (MSCTPI) in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid disease. Methods Thirty-three patients with benign thyroid diseases were enrolled in the benign group, and were divided into subgroups of nodular goiter (n=17) and thyroid adenoma (n=16), while 10 patients with thyroid carcinoma were enrolled in the malignant group. All patients underwent routine CT scanning and MSCTPI with GE LightSpeed 16-detector row CT scanner. Time-density curve (TDC) of common carotid for benign thyroid diseases and thyroid carcinoma was depicted. Perfusion parameters of blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT) and permeability surface area product (PS) were obtained automatically. All parameters were statistically analyzed among groups. Results TDC showed single peak in common carotid artery, with small peak of speed up and slow down in benign group, while with baseline segment, up above, down segment and horizontal segment in thyroid carcinoma. There was statistical difference between benign and malignant groups in BF, BV, MTT and PS value (P=0.001, 0.05). BF was significantly different in benign and maligant groups (P<0.05), whereas PS in thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter was significant different (P<0.05). No statistical difference of BF, BV, MTT and PS was detected between nodular goiter and thyroid adenoma. Conclusion MSCTPI can exactly show the blood flow features of thyroid. The analysis of BF, BV, MTT and PS is helpful for differential diagnosis between benign thyroid disease and thyroid carcinoma.
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Objective To observe the effect of serum containing Qiangjijianli oral liquid in-vitro proliferation of rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods Rat mesenchymal stem cells dissociated from the bone marrow by density gradient method were cultured. MSCs were identified by marking of bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) and staining of CD44, CD45. Experimental group was cultivated with serum containing Qiangjijianli oral liquid and control group with blank serum. Optical absorption value of MSCs was stained by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). Results Serum containing Qiangjijianli oral liquid at different concentrations could promote the proliferation of MSCs, the difference being significant in comparison with the control group (P
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0.05),but 5-Aza at the concentration of 15?mol/L inhibited the growth of MSCs(P
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Objective To investigate the role of CT and MRI in diagnosis of the pineal region germinoma.Methods 11 cases of the pineal region germinoma proved by operation and pathology. CT and MRI features were analysed retrospectively. Results In 11 cases on CT most tumors were hyperattenuation or isoattenuation. Enhancement in most of the tumors were homogeneous. The characteristic MRI appearances of the pineal region germinoma were as follows: (1) On T 1WI, the lesions were isointense or slightly hypointense while isointense or slightly hyperintense on T 2WI. The pineal region germinoma showed no edema. (2) The lesions showed homogeneous or inhomogeneous Gd-DTPA enhancement in most of the tumors.Conclusion CT and MRI of multiplanar imaging and Gd-DTPA enhancement are helpful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pineal region germinoma. The tumors have sex, location and imaging characteristics.
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Objective To investigate the role of MRI in diagnosis of primary intracranial teratoma.Methods Nine cases of primary intracranial teratoma proved by operation and pathology were examined by MRI before operation.MRI features were analysed retrospectively.Results The localized and qualitative rates were 100% and 88.8% respectively.The characteristic MRI appearances of primary intracranial teratoma were as follows:(1)The tumor was lobular in shape with clear margin;(2)The tumor had heterogeneous signal intensity ;(3)Inhomogeneous Gd-DTPA enhancement in most of the tumors.Conclusion Multiplanar imaging and Gd-DTPA enhancement in MRI are helpful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of teratoma.