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Objective To investigate the effects of transient plateau factor on acute lung injury induced by phosgene poisoning in rabbits.Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes,aged 2.0-2.5 kg,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),plateau factor group (group H),phosgene poisoning group (group P),and phosgene poisoning and plateau factor group (group HP).In group H,the rabbits were exposed to a simulated altitude of 33000 m for 2 h.In group P,the rabbits were exposed to phosgene for 3 min only.In group HP,the rabbits were exposed to phosgene for 33 min and then to a simulated altitude of 3000 m for 2 h.Respiratory rate (RR) was recorded and blood samples were taken before exposure to phosgene (T1),after exposure to phosgene (T2),and at 0,1 and 6 h after onset of exposure to a simulated altitude of 33000 m (T3-5) for determination of PaO2 and oxygenation index (OI) was calculated.The chests were opened at T5 and lungs removed for determination of lung water content (LC) and for microscopic examination.Lung coefficient (LC) was calculated.Results Compared with C group,RR was significantly increased at T3 in group H (P ＜ 0.05),and RR was increased and OI was decreased at T2-5 in P and HP groups (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with P group,RR was increased and OI was decreased at T3-5 in HP group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).LW and LC were significantly higher in P and HP groups than in group C,and in HP group than in group P (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The microscopic examination showed that pathological changes were observed in P and HP groups,however,the changes were severer in HP group.Conclusion Transient plateau factor can obviously aggravate the degree of acute lung injury induced by phosgene poisoning in rabbits.
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Before liver transplantation, the patients represent the changes of hemodynamics, disorder of internal environment and disfunction of blood clotting. Built-in pathophysiological changes may be aggravated and liver ischemic reperfusion injury severes the anesthesia during operation. It is very important to enhance multisystem monitor, have correct transfusion treatment and maintain stabilization of hemodynamics, acid-base balance, as well as blood clotting function during anesthesia management. Before liver transplantation, anesthetists should understand patients' condition in details. It is critical for a successful operation to maintain the index balance, relieve the ischemic reperfusion injury, manage the liver function failure during anesthesia, as well as adjust the changes of hemodynamics, metabolic disorder and blood clotting disfunction.
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Objective To investigate the effect of various adjunctive drugs in patients undergoing abdominal surgery under epidural anesthesia. Methods 60 ASA Ⅱ～Ⅲ patients scheduled for elective abdominal surgery were randomly divided into four groups: Group PP, promethazine 50mg + ephedrine 100mg as one unit; Group DF, droperidol 5mg + fantanyl 0.1mg as one unit; Group MP, midazolam 5mg + pethidine 100mg as one unit; Group MF, midazolam 5mg + fantanyl 0.1mg as one unit. All the drugs were intravenously administered 10 min after the first dose of epidural block. The dose of various combinations was selected to reach sedation degree of Ramsay 4. The blood pressure, heart rate and SpO_2 were monitored, the degree of sedation and the side-effects were recorded during the operation. The patients were postoperatively surveyed to evaluate the degree of amnesia and satisfaction of anesthesia. Results No significant differences in hears rate and SpO_2 were found among the four groups. In group DF there was marked influence on the blood pressure. The time needed to reaching Ramsay 4 degree of sedation in MP group (1.49?1.13min) and MF group (1.64?0.96min) was significantly shorter than that in group PP (4.36?2.11min) and group DF (4.97?2.65min) (P≤0.01). An obvious difference was found in the incidence of responses to surgical exploration. There was a higher risk of glossoptosis in groups MP and MF than in other groups. Conclusion Midazolam combined with fentanyl or ephedrine is the most effective combination to supplement epidural anesthesia for abdominal operations.
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0.05). While the heart rate of the patients in the group ART and SCO both significanfly increase comparing to the basal value 10 and 30 minutes after medication(P
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Objective To study water-soluble constituents of Dioscorea zingiberensis in order to seek active components. Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to isolate the constituents. Structures of compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 135DEPT, HMQC, HMBC, and TOCSY. Results One new steroidal saponin was isolated and identified as 26-O-(?-D-glucopyranosyl)-(25R)-furost-5-en-3?, 26-diol-22-OMe-3-O-｛?-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[?-D-glucopyranosl-(1→3)-?-D-glucopyranosl-(1→2)]-?-D-glucopyranoside｝. Conclusion The compound is a novel compound named as zingierenin E. The other two compounds are reported for the first time from D. zingiberensis.