ABSTRACT
Exploration of factors associated with re-infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be helpful in prevention of disease and reduce the burden of tuberculosis on health care system. This study was designed to identify factors associated with re-infection of tuberculosis in patients with sputum smears positive pulmonary tuberculosis in five bordering provinces of Iran. In this cross sectional study that performed of 2010-2012, different and clinical, socio economic factors were evaluated to identify influencing factors on re-infection. Data were gathered from questionnaires and survey of medical records. Data were analyzed by statistical methods in 300 studied patients with average age 51.9 +/- 24.2 years. 7.2% of patients were diagnosed with reinfection. 64% of patients were in low-income classes, [10.6%] of patients had concomitant renal diseases, 10.2% had diabetes, and 9.8% of patients had liver dysfunction. In multiple analysis, migration from rural to urban areas [P=0.31] and weight loss [P=0.42] were significantly associated with increased risk re-infection. Compared to global reports recurrence rate in our cohort was in a moderate degree. Future studies should be done to identify the influential environmental and socioeconomic factors that affect the M tuberculosis in re-infection
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis [MDR-TB] has been lead to complexity in succesfull treatment of Tuberculosis [TB]. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of first and second line drug resistance on pulmonary TB pateints and study their demografic and clinical links
Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study in 2011-2012, 105 Mycobacterium Tuberculosis [M.TB] pateints were collected randomly from east azerbayjan province of Iran. After full clinical history and physical evaluation, standard proportion method was performed for detection of drug resistance in M.TB patients
Results: Frequency distribution of the M.TB in various parts of the city was significantly different. The total prevalence of resistance to any drug was 8.57% [6.1% in new cases and 33.3% in previously treated cases]. Two [1.9%] patients were MDR-TB and a case was Extensively Drug-Resistant [XDR]. In the multiple logistic regrassion analysis, odds of resistance to one or more TB drug was significantly more in retreatment group than newly diagnosed group [OR=7.7]. Frequency of resistance to Streptomycin [5.7%] was the highest and resistance to Etambutol was the lowest [0.95%]. Sputum [88.3%] and coughing [86.4%] were the most common symptoms
Conclusion: Monitoring of drug resistance status by rapid teqnniques is necessary and crucial on patients with previous history of TB. Unexpected distribution of the disease in different parts of the city indicates the need for otherstudies