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Objective To establish an evaluation index system of electricity saving at general hospitals.Methods Based on civil building energy saving studies and in accordance with national regulations on hospital energy saving, the authors build an electricity saving index system for general hospitals.The indexes were reduced by the rough set theory, and their weight was determined by analytical hierarchy process and expert analysis.Results An electricity saving evaluation index system for general hospitals is so developed, consisting of six level-2 indexes and 27 level-3 indexes.Conclusions Such an evaluation index system can guide hospital electricity consumption and saving.
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Objective To study the application of Internet of Things, wireless health monitor all-in-one machine, health management platform, energy consumption monitoring in employee health management. Methods Enrollment criteria were set based on employees' health examination data, 126 employees were enrolled in this study voluntarily, 97 were male, and 29 were female. The age was from 26 to 59 years, the average age was 43.7 ± 6.1 years. Using motion energy consumption monitor, wireless health monitor all-in-one machine and health management platform, employee's exercise, body weight, body mass index, fat and muscle mass, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), uric acid, fasting blood glucose etc. were monitored. Data were collected for before and after 3 months intensive intervention. Results After 3 month of intensive intervention, body weight ( (74.90 ± 9.95) kg, (71.77 ± 9.57) kg), body mass index ((25.94 ± 2.65) kg/m2, (24.96 ± 2.55) kg/m2), fat mass ((21.30 ± 4.31) kg, (18.89 ± 4.23) kg), muscle mass ((49.78 ± 7.12) kg, (49.07 ± 6.97) kg), systolic pressure ((129.72 ± 11.16) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (118.32 ± 10.50) mmHg), diastolic blood pressure ((89.10 ± 8.28) mmHg, (76.94 ± 7.57) mmHg), cholesterol ((5.16±0.85) mmol/L, (4.96±0.90) mmol/L), triglyceride ((1.72±0.92) mmol/L, (1.43±0.64) mmol/L), uric acid ((353.00 ± 85.33) μmol/L, (345.00 ± 73.01) μmol/L) were decreased with statistical significance (t=10.92, 11.03, 6.75, 5.56, 4.23, 3.99, 4.26, 3.46, 1.98, P0.05). Conclusion Health Internet of Things can help employees to develop scientific exercise habits , to correct unhealthy diet habits, and improve health. It will provide a new option for enterprise employee health management and can be recommended for health management programs by large enterprises with domestic and abroad projects.
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Objective To evaluate the use and effectiveness of Human-Computer Interaction (HC1) -based risk prediction of diabetes among Chinese adults.MethodsHCI-based risk prediction of diabetes was performed in 639 non-diabetics aged 23 to 61years old.Risk prediction results,main risk factors of diabetes and helpful suggestions were reported and used for self-management.After l-year follow-up,the participants received another assessment to find the changes of disease risk and risk factors.Non-parametric or Chi-square test was used for comparison of continuous or categorical variables,respectively.Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of HCI.Results After1-year follow-up,the incidence of diabetes per year was1.4％,and all newly diagnosed diabetes was found in high-risk individuals.The proportion of high-risk individuals was 56.8％ and 57.9％before and after follow-up ( x2 =0.36,P ＞ 0.05 ).In comparison with baseline,average risk score of high-risk individuals was significantly declined ( 2.25 vs 2.91,Z =- 4.32,P ＜ 0.05 ).Oversized waist circumstance,higher total cholesterol (TC) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was identified in 76.2％,36.2％ and 3.8％ of high risk individuals at1year,lower than those of baseline ( 87.3％,42.2％ and12.4％,respectively ; x2 values were 30.56,6.05 and 22.26,respectively; all P ＜0.05) ; although the prevalence of hypertension was higher (23.5％ vs18.1％,x2 =11.11,P＜0.05).Conclusions HCI and effective control of risk factors could prevent the development of diabetes in high risk individuals.
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Serum of 79 workers exposed to silica and 25 healthy controls cases were determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). 7 protein peaks were selected and used by artificial neural network (ANN) to establish a diagnostic model. A blinded test showed that accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 91.35%, 93.69%, and 84.52%, respectively. The diagnostic pattern was also established to distinguish each stage of silica-exposed population. The diagnostic pattern worked excellently with 89.23%, 94.20% and 92.37% of accurate rate for classifying phase 0, phase 0+, and phase I of silicosis, respectively.
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Humans , Biomarkers , Blood , Blood Proteins , Neural Networks, Computer , Sensitivity and Specificity , Silicosis , Blood , Classification , Diagnosis , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization , MethodsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Rabbit serum samples are widely used in basic researches, and two-dimensional gelelectrophoresis (2-DE) is the most classic technique for protein separation. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a stable technique system of 2-DE for rabbit serum.OBJECTIVE: To establish a 2-DE technique system for rabbit serum protein separation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A single sample observational experiment was performed at Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomarkers for Occupational and Environmental Hazard of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Medical College from June to July in 2008. MATERIALS: Six healthy rabbits were provided by the Animal Experimental Center of Tangshan Vocational Technical College METHODS: Health rabbit serum was dissolved in rehydration sample loading buffer before and after eliminating high abundance proteins to make proteins in it schizolysis adequately. After reductive alkylation, the samples were loaded into the rehydration tray to undergo passive rehydration for 14 hours. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) electrophoresis was followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). After sliver staining, the gel was analyzed by PDQuest7.4. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Efficiency of eliminating high abundance proteins. ②Two-dimensional eleotrophoregrams (2-D electrophoregrams)RESULTS: Distinct 2-D eleotrophoregrems were obtained with high resolution and good reproducibility. The removal of high abundance proteins in serum failed to result in better 2-D electrophoregrams.CONCLUSION: We have successfully established a 2-DE technique for rabbit serum proteome, which can lay the foundation for the further study of serum proteomics of diseases.
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Objective To investigate the roles of transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 gene polymorphisms in severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus(SARS-CoV)infection and the interstitial lung fibrosis after recovered.Methods Sixty-five recovered SARS patients,37 health care workers and 66 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-case study.The association between genetic polymorphisms of TG F-β1 and suscept ibility to SARS or interstitial lung changes after SARS reco,vered was carried out.Polymerase chain reaction-sequencing based typing(PCR-SBT)method was used to determine the polymorphisms of TGF-β1 gene at locus+869 and+915.Data were analyzed using t test and chi square test.Results There was no significant association of TGF+β1 gene polymorphisms at locus+869 and+915 in recovered SARS patients,health care workers and heahhy controls.And gene linkage of this two loci was not related with SARS-CoV susceptibility.Furthermore,no association between interstitial lung changes in recovered SARS palients and TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms or genetic linkage of this two loci.Conclusions It may not be related between TGFβ1 gene polymorphisms at locus+869 and+915 and SARS-CoV susceptibility.And interstitial lung changes in recovered SARS patients may not be influenced by TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms.
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Objective To screen the serum biomarkers by surface-enhanced laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) and establish the decision-tree model for the silica-exposed populations.Methods In addition to 20 healthy people without silica-exposed history chosen as control group,all the subjects diagnosed as different stages (stage 0 group,silica-exposed population,n=20;stage 0+ group, doubtful silicosis,n=20;stage Ⅰ group,stage Ⅰ silicosis) of silicosis according to the national diagnostic criteria (GBZ70-2002) of pneumonoconiosis with no complications were recruited. SELDI-TOF-MS and CM10 chip assay were applied to acquiring serum protein finger printing. The bioinformatic software was adopted to perform data ananlysis and establish Wilks'lambda decision equation and decision tree.Results As compared with that of control group, differential peaks appeared in three groups of silica-exposed population, accounting for 80% of total differential peaks. Wilks'lambda decision equation was established with M/Z 3711.73, M/Z 4183.66, M/Z 5487.28 and M/Z 6124.64, which sensitivity and specificity in differentiating healthy controls and silica-exposed population was 95% and 90% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of decision tree was 100% and 95% respectively. Neither single peak nor Wilks'lambda decision equation worked well for discrimination of silica-exposed population, while the discriminating rates of decision tree accounted for 100%, 95%, 85% and 90% for healthy control group, stage 0 group, stage 0+ group, stage Ⅰ group respectively.Conclusion M/Z 5933.63,M/Z 4183.66,M/Z 5487.28,M/Z 6124.64,M/Z 5915.14,M/Z 2745.7, M/Z 3711.73, M/Z 2954.78 and M/Z 3401.03 are potential biomarkers for discriminating healthy controls and silica-exposed population, and the decision-tree works well for discrimination of controls, silica-exposed population, doubtful silicosis patients and stage Ⅰ silicosis ones.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Gymnadenia conopsea alcohol extract (GcAE) on the collagen synthesis in rat lungs exposed to silica and the influence on antioxidase activities, level of lipid peroxidation (LPO). METHODS: One hundred and twenty rats were randomly divided into control group, silica group, and GcAE-treated group. Silicotic animal models were established by direct tracheal instillation of silica into rat lungs surgically. From the second day of model establishment, rats in GcAE-treated group were orally given GcAE [8 g/(kg x d) corresponding to raw herb]. At 7, 14, 21, 28 and 60 days after establishment of the animal model, eight rats in each group were sacrificed, and samples were collected. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in plasma were assayed by a spectrophotometer. Types I and III collagen were detected by Sirius red polarization and microscopy, and measuered by Image-Pro Plus Version 4.5 for Windows software. RESULTS: GcAE could reduce the lung/body weight ratio of rats exposed to silica, the synthesis of types I and III collagen of the lungs and the level of lipid peroxidation, increase the activities of SOD and GPx. CONCLUSION: GcAE can ameliorate the silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by increasing the activities of antioxidase and alleviating the damage of lipid peroxidation to the lungs.
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Objective: To investigate the protective factors and risk factors of nosocomial infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) among health care workers (HCWs) , and thus provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods: With the case-control study,a standardized questionnaire was used for data collection in three general hospitals where nosocomial infection had occurred. Univariate analysis was done at first. All concerned factors about SARS infection were scanned by using Chi-square test and Fisher' s exact test one by one, and determined as to whether they were risk factors or protective factors according to odd ratio (OR) score. Then, multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to re-analyze the picked-out factors for finding out which factors played independent roles. Results: Twenty-two factors (nineteen protective factors and three risk factors), among the total fifty-six factors, were significantly associated with SARS infection. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression revealed that factors such as double exposure suits ( OR = 0.053 ), education ( OR =0.072), gloves ( OR =0.102), hands sterilized by iodine ( OR =0.231 ), room air ventilation (OR = 0.32), were significantly protective; conversely, tracheal intubation ( OR = 30.793 ) was a significant risk factor. Conclusion: Strict defense and antisepsis measures were pivotal in preventing SARS infection among high-risk medical personnel. Education about associated knowledge and effective air ventilation were also important factors.
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Based on the statistical materials of SARS epidemic process in a general hospital in 2003 and with least square method, the epidemic laws are fitted through MATLABL, and the infection characteristics and relative conclusions of SARS are analyzed.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Beijing and the reliability of the sequential fecal occult blood test (SFOBT) for CRC screening.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Of the natural population (48 100 persons) in several Beijing communities, we screened 26 827 persons with age over 30 using the SFOBT screening program, Guaiacum Fecal Occult Blood Test (GFOBT), Immuno Fecal Occult Blood Test (IFOBT), and colonoscopies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The screening rate of the population was 74%. The positive rate of SFOBT was 5.6%. The prevalence of CRC in the entire population of Beijing was therefore calculated to be 36.57/10(5). Of 12 CRC detected patients, 4 cases were in stage Dukes A (33.33%), 7 cases in stage Dukes B (58.33%), only 1 case (8.34%) in stage Dukes C.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prevalence of CRC in Beijing is one of the highest in China. Individuals at high risk for CRC or those over 50 years of age should be considered as primary candidates for screening. SFOBT screening is a cost-effective and reliable method for early detection of CRC.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , China , Colorectal Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Occult BloodABSTRACT
Objective To investigate angiogenesis and mosaic vessel in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Forty-nine patients suffering from colorectal carcinoma were studied.Endothelial cell was labelled with monoclonal anti-human CD_~31 antibody,tumor cell was labelled with monoclonal anti-human CEA antibody.Endothelial cell and tumor cell were labelled by double-stained immunohistochemistry.The quantity of microvessel was estimated by counting microvessel density (MVD) at hot spots,and the quantity of mosaic vessels (MV) and double-stained cells were estimated at the same visual field.The relationship between mosaic vessels,microvessel density and Dukes staging were analyzed.Results The MVD in colorectal carcinoma "hot spots" was counted.The MVD of Dukes staging B was 43.98?21.46,staging C was 59.54?26.95,and staging D was 70.80?19.04.MVD increased gradually accompanied by clinical staging.There was statistical difference between staging B and D (P
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Objective To study the method and conditions of determination of niclosamide in water. Methods Niclosamide was extracted by mixed extractent, then striped by NaOH. Niclosamide in NaOH solution was determined with dual-wavelength photometry. Results The recovery of niclosamide was 93%. The linear ranger was 0-4. 0 g/m3 and the detectable limit for niclosamide was 0. 042 7 g/m3. The apparent molar absorptivity was 1. 26 ?105 L/(mol?cm). Conclusion Extraction photometry is suitable for determination of niclosamide in water in the field.