Outcome of isolated fetal choroid plexus cyst detected in prenatal sonography among infertile patients referred to Royan Institute: a 3-year study

Several studies have assessed the correlation of fetal choroid plexus cyst [CPC] and the risk of congenital anomalies, but few ones have discussed isolated CPC [with no other abnormal sonographic finding]. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of isolated fetal choroid plexus cyst and to specify its clinical significance. This cross sectional study was carried out at Royan Institute in Tehran, Iran, between April 2009 and December 2012. All prenatal sonographies in this period of time were assessed using a computerized database and fetuses who had isolated CPC were recruited in the study. Sonography reports, mother serum screening test results, fetal echocardiography and amniocentesis were evaluated until birth. A follow-up phone call was made to all individuals to learn about the neonatal outcomes. Overall, 6240 prenatal sonographies were performed in this setting during this period. Isolated CPC was detected in 64 fetuses. The results of double test [N=30], triple test [N=5] and fetal echocardiography [N =24] were normal. Quadruple test result showed 3 abnormal out of 29 cases that all had normal karyotypes. Four samples were dropped out due to premature rupture of membranes [N=3] and intrauterine fetal death [N=1]. It was found that the outcomes of all remaining fetuses [N=60] were normal and no anomaly ones were seen until birth. Isolated CPC is a benign regressive condition with no clinical significance

Cervical ectopic pregnancy following assisted reproductive technology: a case report

Cervical ectopic pregnancy [EP] is an infrequent, life-threatening form of ectopic gestation pregnancy that implants within the endocervical canal. With the increase in use of assisted reproductive technology [ART] worldwide and more liberal use of transvaginal sonography [TVS] during early pregnancy, more cases of cervical ectopic pregnancy are being diagnosed. Early diagnosis of this condition by using ultrasound imaging allows for prevention of maternal morbidity due to hemorrhage and leads to conservative management of this condition.We present the case of a 38-year old woman [gravida 1, para 0] who was found to have acervical ectopic pregnancy at six weeks of gestation.

effect of flutamide on ovulation induction in PCOS patients

Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is a disorder that affects various body organs and requires comprehensive long term evaluation and management. The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of Flutamide on ovulation induction in PCOS patients. This prospective study applied triple blind method, a simple convenience sampling method, to induce ovulations of the ninety six PCOS patients. Patients were divided into two groups; group A included 53 subjects [received Flutamide + Clomiphene Citrate] and group B included 43 subjects [received placebo + Clomiphene Citrate]. Ultrasound was carried to determine the size of follicles and growth rate of them during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Also, progesterone levels were measured on days 19 and 21 of the menstrual cycle. In this study, ninety six PCOS patients, in two treatment and control groups, were evaluated regarding to body mass index [BMI], cycle irregularity, age and number of dominant follicles, duration of stimulation, endocrine profile and score of hirsutism. The obtained results revealed no significant differences between two groups. Flutamide does not affect ovulation improvement in PCOS patients undergoing induction

Holoprosencephaly: a case report and review of prenatal sonographic findings

Holoprosencephaly is a rare intracranial abnormality. The incidence of holoprosencephaly is between 0.56-0.63 of 10,000 live-born infants 10. It has classified into three degrees, alobar, semilobar and lobar. In this case report we are introducing a case of Holoprosencephaly, in 13 weeks of pregnancy which was twin. We could identified this abnormality and the reduction was done in the appropriate time. The role of prenatal sonography in recognition of the malformation and prognostic value of these features are discussed

Correlation between endometrial parameters in doppler sonography and success rate of implantation in assisted reproductive programs

A good blood supply towards the endometrium is usually considered to be an essential requirement for implantation. Evaluating the role of endometrial and sub-endometrial blood flows detected by color Doppler sonography at the day of embryo transfer, as a predictor of pregnancy rate during IVF/ICSI programs was our main goal in this study. Seventy three infertile patients aged <38 years with basal serum FSH level<12 mIU/ml who had less than two failed attempts of ART cycles were prospectively evaluated. The cases with more than two failed IVF cycle and uterine disorders were excluded. All procedures were performed by one expert and two good quality embryos were transferred. Vaginal power color Doppler sonography was performed at the day of embryo transfer and endometrial characteristics including endometrial vascularization, area of vascularization distribution and pulsatility index were registered. Then pregnant and non-pregnant groups were compared for ultrasonographic parameters of endometrium Pregnancy occurred in 28 patients. Mean age, duration and etiology of infertility, baseline mean FSH and estradiol level at the day of Human chorionic gonadotropin [HCG] injection, amount of drug administered, number of retrieved oocytes and embryos, also number and quality of transferred embryos in the pregnant and non-pregnant groups showed no statistically significant difference. On the other hand, none of the sonographic parameters reported in two groups indicated a statistically significant difference. Doppler ultrasonographic indices at the day of embryo transfer are not considered appropriate criteria for prediction of success rate or failure of embryo implantation