Examining the sexual function and related attitudes among aged women: a cross- sectional study

Background: Sexual function and its subsequent satisfaction are among the most important aspects of women's life. However, this instinct could be influenced by some factors such as diseases, drug using, aging, and hormonal and physiologic changes associated with menopause, and sexual behavior

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence rates of sexual dysfunction, and related attitudes among aged women in Jahrom, Iran

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 746 postmenopausal women aged between 50 and 89 years old who had referred to obstetric and gynecologic clinic in Jahrom, from April to October 2014. Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire was used order to assess the sexual function. The cases were classified into three categories according to the attitude scores: negative [17-32], medium [33-38], and positive [39-48]. One-way ANOVA test was used to determine the relationship between FSFI and attitude scores

Results: The participants' mean +/- SD age was 60.10 +/- 6.89 years and the total mean score of FSFI was 19.31 +/- 8.5. In addition, 81.5% of the women had sexual dysfunction [FSFI< 26.55] and only 147 women [18.5%] had normal sexual function [FSFI> 26.55]. Almost 62.1% the women displayed a negative attitude towards sexuality and only 18.8% women had positive attitude. Feeling of dyspareunia [p= 0.02], lubrication [p< 0.0001], orgasm [p= 0.002] and satisfaction [p= 0.002] were significantly different between three categories of attitudes regarding sexuality, respectively

Conclusion: Our data showed that sexual disorders were highly prevalent among postmenopausal women. The most affected problems were arousal, dyspareunia, and lubrication. More than half of the women had negative attitude towards sexual function consequently this could affect their sexual function. So, it seems screening of sexual dysfunction for finding the causes in women should be the main sexual health program. Also, it would be important to emphasis the role of physicians and experts on education and counseling in this subject

Attitudes about sexual activity among postmenopausal women in different ethnic groups: a cross-sectional study in Jahrom, Iran

Background: Sexual function is affected by personal and interpersonal factors, familial and social traditions, culture, religion, menopause, and aging. So, ethnicity is a determining factor in sexual function. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and attitudes towards sexuality in postmenopausal women among three different ethnic groups in Iran

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 746 postmenopausal women between 50 and 89 years who referred to Honoree clinic, Jahrom in 2013. Among the study participants, 42.4% were Arab, 33.5% were Persian, and 24.1% were Lor. Data were collected about women's socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes regarding sexuality and sexual function. The descriptive statistics were used for demographic variables. Moreover, ANOVA, post hoc [LSD] was used. Besides, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant

Results: The participants' mean age was 60.10 +/- 6.89 years and the total mean score of Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI] was 19.31 +/- 8.5. In addition, 81.5% of the women had sexual dysfunction [FSFI <26.55] and only 147 women [18.5%] had normal sexual function [FSFI >26.55]. Sexual dysfunction was 75.3% in Arabs, 83.2% in Persians, and 86.1% in Lors. Besides, the most prevalent sexual dysfunction was dyspareunia in Arabs and arousal disorder in Persians and Lors

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that sexual dysfunction is considerable among postmenopausal women. The most prevalent sexual dysfunction was dyspareunia in Arabs and arousal disorder in Persians and Lors

Early acute kidney injury based on serum creatinine or cystatin C in intensive care unit after major trauma

Background: Acute kidney injury [AKI] is a common problem in critically ill patients and is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recently, serum cystatin C has been shown to be superior to creatinine in early detection of renal function impairment. We compared estimated GFR based on serum cystatin C with estimated GFR based on serum creatinine for early detection of renal dysfunction according to the RIFLE criteria

Methods: During 9months, three hundred post trauma patients that were referred to the intensive care unit of a referral trauma hospital were recruited. Serum creatinine and serum cystatin C were measured and the estimated GFR within 24 hours of ICU admission was calculated. The primary outcome was the incidence of AKI according to the RIFLE criteria within 2[nd] to 7[th] day of admission

Results: During the first week of ICU admission, 21% of patients experienced AKI. After adjusting for major confounders, only the patients with first day's serum cystatin level higher than 0.78mg/l were at higher risk of first week AKI [OR=6.14, 95% CI: 2.5-14.7, P<0.001]. First day's serum cystatin C and injury severity score were the major risk factors for ICU mortality [OR=3.54, 95% CI: 1.7-7.4, P=0.001] and [OR=4.6, 95% CI: 1.5-14, P=0.007], respectively

Conclusion: Within 24 hours after admission in ICU due to multiple trauma, high serum cystatin C level may have prognostic value in predicting early AKI and mortality during ICU admission. However, such correlation was not seen neither with creatinine nor cystatin C based GFR