ABSTRACT
Purpose: To analyze the demographics and clinical outcomes of posterior chamber phakic intraocular (IOL) implantation for refractive amblyopia in children and adolescents. Methods: A prospective interventional study was performed on children and adolescents with amblyopia at a tertiary eye care center from January 2021 to August 2022. Twenty?three eyes of 21 anisomyopic and isomyopic amblyopia patients operated for posterior chamber phakic IOL (Eyecryl phakic IOL) as a treatment for amblyopia were included in the study. Patient demographics, pre? and postoperative visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, anterior and posterior segment examination, intraocular pressure, pachymetry, contrast sensitivity, endothelial count, and patient satisfaction scores were evaluated. Patients were followed up at day 1, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery, and visual outcomes and complications were documented. Results: The mean age of patients was 14.16 ± 3.49 years (range: 10–19 years). The mean intraocular lens power was ? 12.20 diopter spherical (DS) in 23 eyes and ? 2.25 diopter cylindrical (DC) in four patients. The mean unaided distant visual acuity (UDVA) and best?corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were 1.39 ± 0.25 and 0.40 ± 0.21 preoperatively on the log of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) chart. Postoperatively, the visual acuity improved by 2.6 lines in 3 months period and maintained till 1 year. Postsurgery, contrast sensitivity in the amblyopic eyes significantly improved, and the average endothelial loss recorded was 5.78% at 1 year, which was statistically insignificant. Patient satisfaction score was statistically significant, with 4.736/5 recorded on the Likert scale. Conclusion: Posterior chamber phakic IOL is a safe, effective, and alternative method for treating amblyopia patients who are noncompliant with glasses, contact lenses, and keratorefractive procedures.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension is one of the most important non-communicable diseases. Although high blood pressure is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of hypertension still remains unclear for most populations. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in rural area of Faizabad and to identify the associated risk factors for hypertension.Methods: This community-based cross sectional study was carried out among 300 adults from a randomly selected village in rural health training centre, Safdarganj who were aged 18 years and above over a period of 3 months from March 2019 to May 2019. Participants were interviewed and examined for the assessment of socio-demographic detail, behavioral and lifestyle risk factors of hypertension. Template generated in MS excel sheet and analysis was done on SPSS software.Results: Among 300 study participants, 45.3% were male and 54.7% were female. The prevalence of hypertension was observed to be 10.33%. It was found to be more common in males. Prevalence increased as the age increased. The prevalence of hypertension was high among obese and those consuming more than 2 spoons of salt every day.Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension is different in different parts of the country. Higher age, male sex, tobacco use, obesity, less physical activity and high salt intake are significantly associated with hypertension.