Reconstruction of facial soft tissue defects with free flaps by microsurgery / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the method and indications for reconstruction of facial complicated soft tissue defects with free flaps by microsurgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>37 patients (16 males and 21 females, aged from 1 to 54 years) with different size of facial soft tissue defects were reconstructed with free flaps, including 10 latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps, 3 thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps, 9 scapular flaps, forearm flaps and 9 postauricular flaps. The defects size ranged from 1 cm x 2 cm to 25 cm x 12 cm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Venous obstruction happened in 3 postauricular flaps, resulting partial necrosis in 2 flaps. All the other flaps survived completely. The cosmetic and functional results were both satisfactory.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The facial complicated soft tissue defects can be treated successfully with free flaps by microsurgery. The wounds can be healed primarily with short recovery time and reliable cosmetic and functional result.</p>

Study of immuno-tolerance mechanism of the third-party bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in allogenic transplantation / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the immuno-tolerance mechanism of the third-party bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the allogeneic transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty female C57BL/6 mice and forty male BALB/C mice were respectively used as donors and recipients in skin allogenic graft model. Forty male BALB/C mice were divided randomly into 4 groups: blank control group, CP group, BMSCs group , CP + BMSCs group, with 10 mice in each group. Before skin graft, high-dose abdominal injection of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg, 2 d, q. d.) was performed in recipient mice in CP and CP + BMSCs groups. On the transplantation day, a bonus of 2 x 10(6) BMSCs from the SD rat (SD-BMSCs) were injected through the tail vein in the BMSCs and CP + BMSCs groups. The observation and HE staining of skin grafts were used. The expressions of CD29, CD34, CD45 and CD90 of cells were analyzed by using flow cytometry in order to identify BMSCs. The CD4+, CD25+, Foxp3 and Treg cells of spleen were detected by flow cytometry. Cytokine in peripheral blood of recipient mice were measured by ELISA, including TGF-beta, IL-10 and IFN-gamma. T cells were co-cultured with 60Co-irradiated bone marrow MSCs from different individuals. The proliferative activity of T cells were evaluated with MTT assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The skin graft survival time was significantly prolonged in the CP + BMSCs group, as compared with that in the blank control group, the CP group, the BMSCs group, respectively. Cells cultured by whole bone marrow adherent cultivation showed CD29 (99.7%), CD44+ (96.7%), CD34- (1.6%), CD45- (1.3%). Compared with the control group and CP group, the ratio of the CD4+, CD25+, Foxp3+ and Treg cells significantly increased in the SD-BMSCs group and CP + BMSCs group (P < 0.05). Analysis of peripheral blood by ELISA showed significant high level of TGF-beta, IL-10 and low level of IFN-gamma in BMSCs group and CP group,compared with that in control group. When co-cultured with BMSCs from different individuals, T- lymphocytes proliferation decreased apparently in SD-BMSCs group and C57-BMSCs group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between SD-BMSCs group and C57-BMSCs group (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The immunotolerance mechanism of the third-party bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the allogeneic transplantation might be associated with its effect on the proliferation of Treg cells and increasing expression of TGF-beta and IL-10, decreasing expression of IFN-gamma.</p>

"W-shape" flap at nasal tip for the correction of the nasal deformity secondary to unilateral cleft lip / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate an effective method for the correction of the narrow nostril secondary to cleft lip.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A "bird wing shape" incision was made on the nasal tip to form a "W-shape" flap for repairing the nasal deformities secondary to cleft lip, especially for the cases with narrow nostril.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-eight patients were treated with this method. All the cases achieved a symmetry shape of nasal ala, nostril, nasal columella and a normal height of nasal tip except for 2 cases with malformation at nasal tip who achieved improvement after reoperation. 21 cases were followed up for 6-12 months with good cosmetic result and no recurrence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>"W-shape" flap at the nasal tip is an ideal way for the correction of mild to moderate narrow nostril deformity secondary to cleft lip.</p>

Repair of inframammary scars with expanded skin flaps / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate suitable treatment method for contracture of inframammary scars.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nine female patients with contracture of inframammary sear hospitalized in our hospital from July 2000 to July 2007 were subjected to skin expansion around the breast. The sites of incisions were mainly located on the inframammary scars. The expanders were placed around the breast and middle chest near the sternum. On the lateral side of chest, the expander should be inserted at the site parallel to upper level of the breast. The expanders should be placed under deep fascia and superficial to the gland. At II stage of operation, the scars were excised and the subcutaneous tissues should be thoroughly loosened to assure that the soft tissue and mammary gland would be restored to its anatomical position. Expanded skin was then designed as advancement or transposition flaps to repair the defects, or effects were closed with suturing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Blood circulation disturbance occurred at the tip of a flap in one patient, with the size of 4.0 cm x 3.0 cm, and the resulting wound healed after skin grafting. Flaps in the other 8 patients survived, and the wounds healed satisfactorily. Nipples and mammary areola were successfully restored to the anatomical positions. Three patients were followed up for 6 months to 2 years, and the result was satisfactory.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Expanded flap is feasible for repairing contracture of inframammary scar and with good result.</p>

Expanded deltopectoral flaps for treatment of cervical cicatricial contracture / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the application of expanded deltopectoral flaps for treatment of cervical cicatricial contracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cervical cicatricial contracture was corrected in 18 cases with unilateral expanded deltopectoral flaps and 2 cases with bilateral expanded deltopectoral flaps. The size of scar ranged from 8 cm x 5 cm to 12 cm x 13 cm. The size of the unilateral expanded deltopectoral flaps ranged from 9 cm x 16 cm to 12 cm x 18 cm. The defects in donor sites were closed directly. The infraclavicula incision was designed. The flaps were delayed 3 weeks after flap transfer. The pedicle was cut off 4 weeks later.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From 2007 to 2009, 20 cases with cervical cicatricial contracture were treated with expanded deltopectoral flaps. All the flaps were survived. 6 cases were followed up for 6 months with satisfactory results in 5 cases and conspicuous scar in 1 case.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Expanded deltopectoral flap is very suitable for large size of cervical cicatricial contracture.</p>

Study on the effect of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell adoptive transfusion on humoral immune function in rat composite tissue allotransplantation model / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To approach the effect of the donor antigenic specificity CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell (Treg) on cellular immune tolerance function in rat composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Use the method of immunomagnetic beads to separate CD4+CD25+ Treg, (1 x 10(6))CD4+CD25+ Treg was transfused to rat CTA model. Collected peripheral blood 30 days after operation, and used nylon wool column to separate B cell and T cell. With the stimulation of IgM, detected B cell proliferation and the level of IgG and IgA in serum. Observed the effect of CD4+CD25+ Treg on B cell and T cell function and the survival of allotransplants, and analyzed the data by statistics.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The purity of separated CD4+CD25+ Treg was 95.6%. The CPM of T cell of normal control group, topical intervention group, systemic intervention group and non-intervention group were (2436 +/- 358), (2273 +/- 136), (2338 +/- 228) and (3749 +/- 245). The CPM of B cells of normal control group, topical intervention group, systemic intervention group and non-intervention group were (2418 +/- 348), (2252 +/- 127), (2315 +/- 218) and (3720 +/- 224), there was a significant difference in these groups (P < 0.01). The serum level of IgG and IgA of topical intervention group and systemic intervention group were (12.56 +/- 1.30), (2.38 +/- 0.21), (13.48 +/- 1.23) and (2.86 +/- 0.24) g/L, and of normal control group was (12.35 +/- 1.28), (2.36 +/- 0.12) g/L, had no significant difference (P > 0.05). But Treg of non-intervention group was (16.58 +/- 1.12), (3.75 +/- 0.37) g/L, there was a significant difference in the non-intervention group and the three above groups (P < 0.01). The survival time of CTA in intervention of local and systemic groups were (97 +/- 13) and (63 +/- 10) d, which were significant longer than the non-intervention group [(22 +/- 8) d, P < 0.01].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Donor antigen specific CD4+CD25+ Treg has significantly inhibited B cell and T cell function. It can induce immune tolerance and extend the survival time of CTA; as well local application is better than systemic.</p>

Impact of third-party bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on allogenic skin transplantation / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of the third-party bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the allogeneic skin transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>40 female C57BL/6 mice and 50 male BALB/C mice were respectively used as donors and recipients of skin transplantation. 50 BALB/C mice were divided randomly into 5 groups: Blank control group, Cyclophosphamide group BMSCs group, Cyclophosphamide + BMSCs group and CM-DiI staining group, with 10 mice in each group. Before skin transplantation, high-dose abdominal injection of Cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg, 2 d) was performed in recipient mice. On the transplantation day, a bonus of 1 x 10(5) BMSCs of the SD rat (SD-BMSCs) were injected through the tail vein. The observation of skin grafts, mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC), HE staining, the observation of CM-DiI-labeled SD-BMSCs and FACS were used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The skin graft survival time was significantly prolonged in the Cyclophosphamide + BMSCs group, as compared with the blank control group, the Cyclophosphamide group, the BMSCs group respectively. When BMSC and lymphocyte mixed at the ratio of 1:1 and 1:10, rat BMSCs inhibited T lymphocyte proliferation. More angiogenesis and less lymphocyte infiltration were found in the experimental group than them in other groups. Red fluorescent cells were found in CM-DiI staining group under long-term observation. The SD-BMSCs can he detected by flow cytometry in the cell group and the Cyclophosphamide + BMSCs group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>BMSCs can survive in the heterogeneous recipient body; the third-party BMSCs transplantation can prolong skin graft survival time; BMSCs can inhibit T lymphocyte activation and proliferation.</p>

Influence on costal cartilage reparative regeneration by replanting the small blocks of autogeneic cartilage / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence on costal cartilage reparative regeneration by replanting the small blocks of autogeneic cartilage into the perichondrial pocket at the donor-site.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>16 rabbits (8-10 weeks old, 1.8-2.2 kg) were randomly divided into four groups as three experimental groups and one control group. The 1.5 cm in length of costal cartilage defect was made in experimental groups with the perichondrium and costochondral junction left completely intact. The cartilage defect was closed by 3 methods as saturation directly, or replanting the small blocks of autogeneic cartilage, or plugging bio-protein jelly after cartilage replanting. Each experimental group was handled with two methods in two sides of costal cartilage. No operation was performed in control group. All the rabbits were sacrificed 16 weeks after operation. The appearance of thoracic cage and new-formed tissue at the defect site were examined grossly. Haematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to evaluate the characteristics of new-formed tissues and biomechanical detection was used to measure intension of new-formed tissues.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The appearance of thoracic cage was normal in every experimental group. Histological study showed that the defect was filled with abundant fibrous tissue in each group. The chipping of cartilage survived effectively with little proliferation. Biomechanical detection showed that the intension of new-formed tissue in the non-replanted group [(193.92 +/- 41.41) N] was obviously less than that in the replanted group [(318.88 +/- 28.28) N], or bio-protein jelly group [(301.00 +/- 39.52) N], or control group [(300.54 +/- 38.35) N] (P < 0.01). Furthermore, there was no statistical difference between the latter three groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Although replanting the chipping of cartilage can't promote reparative regeneration of hyaline cartilage, it can definitively strengthen the intensity of new-formed tissue, reinforce thoracic stability. It may also indirectly decrease the incidence rate of postoperative chest wall deformity.</p>

Expression of Notch receptors, ligands and downstream target genes in epidermis of hypertrophic scar / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of Notch receptors, ligands and downstream target genes in hypertrophic scar and normal skin, and to investigate its role in the development of hypertrophic scar.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By immunohistochemistry, the expression of epidermal differentiation markers- beta1 integrin, keratin 14 (K14) and keratin 19 (K19), as well as Notch 1-4 and Jagged1 were examined in hypertrophic scars and normal skins. The expression of Notch downstream genes- P21 and P63 was analyzed with real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Histological analysis revealed a significant epidermal thickening in the hypertrophic scars, with excessive cell layers above the basal layer. Compared to the normal epidermis, the expression of beta1 integrin, K19 and K14 decreased in hypertrophic scars (P <0.05). Positive expression rate of Notch1 and Jagged1 in keratinocytes was significantly higher in hypertrophic scar than in normal skin (P < 0.05), while there was no difference in Notch2 and 3 positive expression rate. Furthermore, the expression of P21 was significantly up-regulated, while the expression of P63 was down-regulated in keratinocytes of hypertrophic scar (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Notch signal may play an important role in hypertrophic scar pathogenesis. Over-differentiation of Keratinocytes in hypertrophic scar may be related to the overexpression of Notch1 and Jagged1, up-regulation of P21 gene and down-regulation of P63 gene.</p>

Experimental study on effect of hirudin in inhibiting hyperplastic scar fibroblasts / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of hirudin on the function of human hyperplastic scar fibroblasts (HSFBs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HSFBs were cultured in vitro. Hirudin solution in the concentration of 1, 10, and 50 kU/L was respectively added into DMEM culture medium to form 1, 10, and 50 kU/L hirudin groups, with 9 wells in each group. HSFBs cultured without hirudin were set up as control group. Cell inhibition rate, secretion level of TGF-beta1 from cells, and expression levels of mRNA of type I and III precollagen were determined at 24, 48, and 72 h after culture.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Inhibition rates of HSFBs growth was respectively (29.3 +/- 0.9)%, (30.1 +/- 0.3)%, and (45.2 +/- 1.9)% when cultured with 10 kU/L hirudin for 24, 48, and 72 hs, which were higher than those in control group [(0.0 +/- 0.0)%, P < 0.05]. There was statistically significant difference between control group and 1 and 50 kU/L hirudin groups in the inhibition rates of HSFBs at some time points (P < 0.05). Secretion level of TGF-beta1 of HSFBs in 1, 10, 50 kU/L hirudin groups was respectively (228.5 +/- 1.8), (210.5 +/- 11.1), and (168.5 +/- 14.1) pg/mL when cultured for 48 hs, of which the last 2 figures were significantly lower than that of control group [(265.0 +/- 1.5) pg/mL, P < 0.05]. Hirudin in the concentration of 10 and 50 kU/L could inhibit the expression of mRNA of type I and III precollagen in HSFBs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Hirudin solution in the concentration of 10 and 50 kU/L can inhibit the proliferation of HSFBs and secretion of TGF-beta1 and collagen in certain degree.</p>

Adenovirus-mediated CTLA4 immunoglobulin based conditioning for non-myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation to induce tolerance to hind limb allografts in rats / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate a non-toxic AdCTLA4-Ig-based protocol for non-myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation to induce donor-specific tolerance to hind limb allografts in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fully mismatched, 4 to 8 week old Brown Norway (RT1(n)) and Lewis (RT1(1)) rats were used as cell/organ donors and recipients, respectively. Recipients were treated with AdCTLA4-Ig (5 x 10(9) PFU, day -30, 0, 30), standard immunosuppressive therapy (MP: 10 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), MMF: 20 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), RAPA: 0.2 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1);day -33 - 100), soon after total body irradiation (3 Gy, day -30) and donor bone marrow (100 x 10(6), day -30) transplantation (BMT). Thirty days after BMT, chimeric animals received hind limb transplantations. And 100 days after hind limb transplantations, immunosuppressive therapy was changed for low-dosed CsA (8 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), day 100-), until the allografts were rejected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In Group C, hematopoietic chimerism was (38.8 +/- 10.6)% at day 0, and was stable (29.3 +/- 11.9)% at 330 days post-BMT. There was no graft versus host disease in both Group C and Group D. When the standard immunosuppressive therapy was stopped and changed for low-dosed CsA, chimeric recipients (Lewis, RT1(1)) permanently accepted (> 200 days) donor specific (Brown Norway, RT1(n)) hind limb allografts in Group C, yet rapidly rejected in Group A (8 +/- 2) d, Group B (18 +/- 3) d and in Group C (20 +/- 2) d. Lymphocytes of graft tolerant animals' demonstrated hyporesponsiveness in mixed lymphocyte cultures in a donor-specific manner in Group C. Tolerant graft histology showed no obliterative arteriopathy or chronic rejection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The AdCTLA4-Ig based conditioning regimen with donor BMT produce stable mixed chimerism and induce donor-specific tolerance to hind limb allografts.</p>

Effect of METH1 gene transfection on the proliferation of rabbit's ear scar / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of METH1 gene transfection on fibroblast proliferation and I, III collagen synthesis in rabbit ear scar.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hypertrophic scar model on the rabbit ears was reproduced. 10 days after epithelization, Ad-METH1 was injected into the scar tissue. 30 days later, the effect of METH1 gene transfection on the angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation and the ratio of collagen I/III in the scar tissue was detected by microcirculation microscope, AgNOR particle count and collagen dyeing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>30 days after injection of Ad-METH1, angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation and the ratio of collagen I/III in the scar tissue were obviously suppressed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early application of Ad-METH1 after epithelization can markedly inhibit the formation of the hypertrophic scar.</p>

A new model of skin avulsion injuries in rats / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To create a stable and reliable model of skin avulsion in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>30 male, SD rats were randomly divided into axial pattern skin flap (9 cm x 3 cm) group and random pattern skin flap group (6 cm x 4 cm), each having the control groups and avulsion groups. Flaps were subjected to avulsion force of 6 kg in axial pattern skin flaps or 8 kg in random pattern skin flaps, and the lasting time was 8 s or 12 s, respectively. Retraction of wounds and necrosis of skin flaps were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was more significant wound retraction in avulsion groups than that in control groups on post-operation day 7 (P < 0.05). The proportion of the wound retraction increased by 1 fold in avulsion groups on post-operation day 14 as compared to post-operation day 7 (P < 0.01). Interestingly, necrosis of partial or most of skin flaps was observed in all animals of avulsion groups, while slight necrosis happened in one of six in control animals. The necrosis area of flaps was 38% - 77% when avulsed for 8 s, and was 40% - 80% when avulsed for 12 s in axial pattern skin flaps. However, the necrosis area in random pattern skin flaps was smaller than that in axial pattern skin flaps, from 17% - 40% when avulsed for 8 s to 24% - 43% when avulsed for 12 s.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It might be possible to create animal model of skin avulsion injuries with rats.</p>

A modified technique for the repair of secondary defect of unilateral cleft lip / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of a modified technique for repairing secondary defect of unilateral cleft lip.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The incision line was designed along the oral-nasal contour line. The lateral crus of nasal alar were rotated and repositioned in order to reconstruct the nasal sill and base. V-Y plasty was performed with a muco-cartilage flap inside the nasal cavity to reset the alar cartilage backwards and correct the nasal deformity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Satisfactory results were achieved in all 69 patients with this modified technique. The post-operative scar was inconspicuous.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This modified technique with advantages of contour line incision and alar cartilage backward re-reposition is a good option for the repair of secondary defect of unilateral cleft lip.</p>

Expanded skin flaps for the treatment of large scalp and face scar / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the method to repair large scalp and face scars.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1-3 expanders under the scalp were needed for repair the scalp scar. The expanded deltopectoral flaps were transferred to repair the face scar.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>12 cases were treated with satisfactory results. All the flaps survived and the donor sites were closed primarily. 2 cases had expander exposure which didn't affect the treatment results. Atrophic cutaneous striae was occurred because of overexpansion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Skin expansion is a good method for large scalp and face scar.</p>

Repair of facial and cervical scars with expanded deltopectoral flaps / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the methods for repair of facial and cervical scars after burn.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and two patients with facial and cervical scars as a result of burn injury were repaired by unilateral or bilateral deltopectoral flaps after expansion with pedicles. First, facial scars were excised and contractures were released to restore eye, mouth and nose to normal anatomical position. The facial scar flaps were overturned to join with the pedicles of deltopectoral flap for closing the wounds. The residual wounds were repaired by delayed flaps without pedicles 3 weeks later.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 102 patients, the flaps survived well in 94 cases, and blood supply insufficiency was found in distal end of unilateral flap in 7 cases (depigmentation after primary healing ). Necrosis of unilateral flap occurred in one patient, and it healed after skin grafting.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Expanded deltopectoral flap is efficacious procedure for repair of massive cervical and facial scars.</p>

Immunosuppressive treatment about the patient operated facial allotransplantation in perioperative period / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the perioperation medication on the first patient who was operated facial allotransplantation, including immunosuppressive drug and adjunctive drug, so that to search a effective medication schedule to the patient operated facial allotransplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FK506, MMF, Prednisone and Zenapax was performed as immunosuppressive regiment in perioperative treatment; meanwhile, anti-infectives was administered to take precautions against all sorts of infections, such as bacterium, virus and fungus. Furthermore, all kinds of adjunctive drug, Losec, glucurolactone and so on, was administered to protect those function of stomach, liver, kidney and so on. Clinical observations were made on the signs and symptoms of graft survival or rejection, as well as immunological indexes were tested in laboratory. Biopsies of graft were also made at 30 d after operation. Side effect and complication of drug was monitored, in case the body suffered harm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Facial allograft was survived, and the temperature and color of skin were normal. Swelling of tissue was gradually subsidise after 4 days, and recovered in a half month. The count and ratio between Th and Ts were normal, skin Biopsies of every time had no found of hyperacute or acute rejection, and side effect and complication of drug had no monitored.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The regiment of perioperation medication was successfully performed.</p>

Effects of mouse NIH3T3 cells transfected with VEGF gene on neovascularization of ischemic flaps / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of applying NIH3T3 cells transfected by VEGF gene to the treatment of ischemic random skin flaps.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Plasmid PcDNA3.1(-)/VEGF(165) containing VEGF gene was transduced into the mouse NIH3T3 cells by liposome. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of VEGF protein of mouse NIH/3T3 cells in vitro. The NIH3T3 cells were stained with CM-DiI before the transplantation. Thirty mice were randomized into 3 groups: Groups A, B and C, and were respectively injected with NIH/3T3 cells transfected with PcDNA3.1(-)/VEGF(165) plasmid, NIH/3T3 cells and medium only. On the 4th day after the injection, random dorsal skin flaps with an area of 4.0 cm x 1.5 cm were established. The survival, neovascularization and blood flow recovery of the flaps were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VEGF-transduced NIH3T3 cells expressed VEGF highly in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that flap survival rate in group A (95.1% +/- 3.1%) was significantly higher than those in group B (37.4% +/- 6.3%) and group C (26.2% +/- 5.6%). The capillary density and the blood perfusion of the flaps in group A were significantly higher than those in other two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>VEGF-transfected NIH3T3 cells can improve ischemic flap neovascularization and extend survival areas.</p>

Activity changes of protein kinase C in effect of interferon-gamma on wound healing and cicatrisation / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the roles of protein kinase C (PKC) in effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on wound healing and cicatrization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>IFN-gamma was applied on the wound and into the scar tissues of rabbit ear before or after wound healing. PKC activities in the tissues from 0, 3, 6 d, 11-16 d post-wounding and from 14, 30 and 45d post-epithelization were measured by phosphorus (32p) incorporation. The time of wound epithelization and scar changes were also observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PKC activity in granulation tissue, wound margin tissue and scar tissue elevated obviously in comparing with that of normal skin (P < 0.01). IFN-gamma did not change PKC activity (P > 0.05). But it delayed the wound healing (P < 0.01) and inhibited scar hyperplasia (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PKC might not mediate the signal of IFN-gamma inhibiting the wound healing and scar hyperplasia. But PKC might be related to the wound healing and scar hyperplasia.</p>

A hemifacial transplantation model in hares / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To design an animal model to study the facial transplantation of allografts in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Livid blue rabbits and New Zealand white rabbits was applied as experiment animal, to harvest hemifacial composite-tissue flap based in the common external carotid artery with the branch of the external mandibular artery and auricularis magna artery, then allotransplantation was performed with the livid blue rabbits as recipient while new Zealand rabbits as donor, the immunosuppressive agent comprised ciclosporin, azamun and prednisone. 25 couples of rabbits were divided three groups. Group A, 5 couples of rabbits, no administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-end. Group B, 10 couples of rabbits, administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-end. Group C, 10 couples of rabbits, administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-side. Postoperative, to observe the survive ratio of animal and composite-tissue flap, verified the practicability of model further.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The blood supply of hemifacial composite-tissue flap is rich after allotransplantation. The survive ratio wasn't different with different procedure of the external carotid artery anastomosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This is a successful model of composite face flap transplantation in the rabbits.</p>