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Cellular immune responses as well as generalized and periarticular bone loss are the key pathogenic features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Under the pathological conditions of RA, dysregulated inflammation and immune processes tightly interact with skeletal system, resulting in pathological bone damage via inhibition of bone formation or induction of bone resorption. Single-cell omics technologies are revolutionary tools in the field of modern biological research.They enable the display of the state and function of cells in various environments from a single-cell resolution, thus making it conducive to identify the dysregulated molecular mechanisms of bone destruction in RA as well as the discovery of potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Here, we summarize the latest findings of single-cell omics technologies in osteoimmunology research in RA. These results suggest that single-cell omics have made significant contributions to transcriptomics and dynamics of specific cells involved in bone remodeling, providing a new direction for our understanding of cellular heterogeneity in the study of osteoimmunology in RA.
Subject(s)
Humans , Osteoclasts/physiology , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology , Inflammation/pathology , Bone and Bones/pathology , Bone Resorption/pathologyABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the plasma level change of soluble tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (sTRAIL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its clinical significance.@*Methods@#Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expressions of TRAIL and TRAIL receptors-1 (TRAIL-R1) and TRAIL-R2 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from active SLE patients (n=26) and healthy controls. Enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the plasma level of sTRAIL in the active SLE patients (n=42), healthy controls (n=21). Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of sTRAIL with clinical and laboratory parameters.@*Results@#The plasma levels of sTRAIL [(82±5) pg/ml] in SLE were significantly higher than that in healthy controls [(49±3) pg/ml], the difference was statistically significant (t=4.10, P<0.01). The plasma levels of sTRAIL in SLE with inactive disease [(92±14) pg/ml], mild active disease [(80±9) pg/ml], moderate active disease [(74±12) pg/ml] and severe active disease [(83±8) pg/ml] were higher than healthy controls, the difference was statistically significant (H=18.07, P<0.01). The mRNA levels of TRAIL and TRAIL-R2 in PBMCs derived from SLE patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls [(1.04±0.08) vs (1.80±0.25), t=2.10, P<0.05 and (1.07±0.12) vs (2.08±0.21), t=3.27, P<0.01]. In SLE with moderate and severe active disease, plasma sTRAIL levels were associated with the 24 hours urine protein.@*Conclusion@#Plasma sTRAIL may be predictors of SLE disease activity and TRAIL pathway may be a new potential target of SLE treatment.
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Objective To explore the plasma level change of soluble tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (sTRAIL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its clinical significance.Methods Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expressions of TRAIL and TRAIL receptors-1 (TRAIL-R1) and TRAIL-R2 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from active SLE patients (n =26) and healthy controls.Enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the plasma level of sTRAIL in the active SLE patients (n=42),healthy controls (n=21).Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of sTRAIL with clinical and laboratory parameters.Results The plasma levels of sTRAIL [(82±5) pg/ml] in SLE were significantly higher than that in healthy controls [(49 ±3) pg/ml],the difference was statistically significant (t=4.10,P＜0.01).The plasma levels of sTRAIL in SLE with inactive disease [(92±14) pg/ml],mild active disease [(80±9) pg/ml],moderate active disease [(74±12) pg/ml] and severe active disease [(83±8) pg/ml] were higher than healthy controls,the difference was statistically significant (H=18.07,P＜0.01).The mRNA levels of TRAIL and TRAIL-R2 in PBMCs derived from SLE patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls [(1.04±0.08) vs (1.80±0.25),t=2.10,P＜0.05 and (1.07±0.12) vs (2.08±0.21),t=3.27,P＜0.01].In SLE with moderate and severe active disease,plasma sTRAIL levels were associated with the 24 hours urine protein.Conclusion Plasma sTRAIL may be predictors of SLE disease activity and TRAIL pathway may be a new potential target of SLE treatment.
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Objective To observe the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and apoptosis-related proteins in rat mesenteric artery.Methods Male SD rats of SPF grade were sacrificed and the mesenteric artery was separated under the stereo-microscope.We established an experimental model of vascular injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and randomly divided the injured vessels into dexmedetomidine treatment group and control group.DEX treatment group was divided into 10-8, 10-7, and 10-6 mol/L subgroups according to the different concentrations of DEX.RNA and total protein was extracted in each group.The mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and CaSR were detected by RT-PCR and the protein expression of TNF-α, Caspase-3 and AMPK were tested by Western blot.Results DEX (10-8, 10-7, and 10-6mol/L) obviously reduced vascular inflammatory reaction induced by lipopolysaccharide, reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of TNF-α as well as mRNA expression of IL-1β.Caspase 3 protein expression significantly lowered in blood vessels in DEX group compared with LPS group.DEX had no obvious effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular AMPK and CaSR mRNA or protein expressions.Conclusion DEX obviously deceased the expressions of inflammation-related proteins, suggesting that DEX has anti-inflammatory effects.
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The retrieval and download of bibliographic information from PubMed were realized using the standard URL interfaces of ESearch and EFetch in E-utilities open programming interface of NCBI.the process and key code can provide reference for searching data from NCBI Database and realizing their deep development and further use.
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Objective To investigate the characteristics and the frequencies of B cell subsets in peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients,and to study the correlation between B cell subsets and clinical indices and influence of different therapies on B cell subsets to deeply understand the pathogenesis of RA.Methods Peripheral blood witched memory B cells,non-switched memory B cells,naive B cells,and double negative B cells of 141 patients and 33 healthy controls were measured by flow cytometry.Patients were divided into three groups based on their therapeutic regimen,including tumor necrosis factor-or (TNF-α) inhibitors combined with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs),DMARDs only and patients without any therapy.The relevance between B cells subsets and clinical manifestations,lab test results exemption were assessed as well as the influence of different therapies.All data were were analyzed by Statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 23.0 statistical analysis for unpaired t test,analysis of variance and Spearman's correlations analysis.Results ① New-onset RA patients with less than 12 weeks disease duration and never accepted any drugs had a significantly lower frequency of peripheral blood memory B cells,including non-switched memory B cells [(8 ±4)％ vs (13 ±4)％,P＜0.05,t =3.3)] and switched memory B cells [(18±10)％ vs (23±7)％,P＜0.05,t=2.2)],than healthy individuals.② There was a negative association between non-switched memory B cells and disease activity score in 28 joints (r=-0.23,P＜0.05).③ Negative association between non-switched memory B cells and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),lgG was found,while therewas no association between pre-switched B cells and other laboratory test results.④ Non-switched memory B cells and switched memory B cells increased after TNF-α arntagonist or DMARDs therapy.Conclusion The results of this study suggest that B cell abnormalities in new-onset RA patients with short disease duration are reduced non-switched memory B cells and switched memory B cells.A negative correlation has been found between non-switched memory B cells and ESR and lgG.B cells subsets frequency are changed by TNF-α antagonist and DMARDs,which suggests that changes of B cell subsets may contribute to the occurrence and development of RA.
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Objective To compare the clinical effect of the umbilical single hole laparoscopic and traditional three holes laparoscopic surgery in ovarian cyst. Methods 90 patients with ovarian cyst surgery were selected, and ran-domly divided into observation group and control group with 45 patients in each group. The control group was given traditional three holes laparoscopic surgery, and the observation group received single hole laparoscopic surgery. Clinical effect, postoperative complications, ovarian function, aesthetic satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The differences of operative time, blood loss, postoperative exhaust time, postoperative hospital stay between the two groups has no statistical difference ( > 0.05), the postoperative pain in 24 h, 72 h in the observa-tion group were significantly lower than that in control group, with significant difference ( 0.05). The contents of FSH and LH in the two groups were significantly improved, and the content of E2 was significantly decreased af-ter postoperative 30 days, compared with the preoperative, and the difference were statistically significant ( 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the content of LH, FSH and E2 between the two groups ( > 0.05). The total satis-faction of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( <0.05). Conclusion Single hole laparoscopic surgery is adapted to the treatment of patients with ovari-an cyst on the basis of the same effect. Not only reduced the pain, but also improved the patients' satisfaction degree of the incision. It is worthy of clinical promotion.
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BACKGROUND: Most scholars believed that injured vertebral body needs to be fixed in the open surgery of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures; however, it is unclear whether injured vertebra needs to be fixed in the minimaly invasive surgery. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical outcomes of minimaly invasive percutaneous self-dilating pedicle in repair of injured vertebral fixation in thoracolumbar vertebral fractures. METHODS: Totaly 36 patients with thoracolumbar vertebral fractures without nervous system injury who received treatment in Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center from February 2013to February 2014 were enroled and divided into injured vertebral fixation and cross-injured vertebral fixation groups (n=18/group). Patients in these two groups were al subjected to minimaly invasive percutaneous self-dilating pedicle treatment. The injured vertebral body, upper, and lower vertebrae of injured vertebral body were fixed in injured vertebral fixation group, and the upper and lower vertebrae of injured vertebral body was fixed in cross-injured vertebral fixation group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the injured vertebral fixation group, the cross-injured vertebral fixation group had smaler incisions, less intraoperative blood loss, less operation tine and intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy time (P 0.05). These results demonstrate that anterior vertebral height cross-injured vertebral fixation has the similar clinical effect with injured vertebral fixation, but cross-injured vertebral fixation had more advantage in the operation. Therefore, there is little significance of conducting injured vertebral fixation in the surgery of minimaly invasive percutaneous self-dilating pedicle in repair of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures.