Effects of different sizes of cerium oxide nanoparticles on the number and constitute of immune cells in peripheral blood of the mice after X-ray irradiation / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles of different sizes on the number and constructions of immune cells in peripheral blood of mice after X-ray irradiation. Methods Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups according to body weight layer and the weight of each mouse was weighed. All mice were divided into 6 groups according to weight from high to low, and there were 4 mice in each group. Then 1 mouse was randomly taken from each group to form the control group. Model group, 5 nm and 25 nm cerium oxide nanoparticles groups were formed in turn. There were 6 mice in each group. The mice in model group and cerium oxide nanoparticles administration groups were irradiated once with 3 Gy of X-rays. The mice in cerium oxide nanoparticles groups began to be intraperitoneally administrated once a day with 10 μg 5 nm or 25 nm cerium oxide nanoparticles per kilogram body weight on the 4th day before irradiation and once every other 2 days after irradiation. The mice in the control group and model group were intraperitoneally administrated with 0.9 % saline. The mice were killed on the 10th days after irradiation. White cells count (WBC) and classification in peripheral blood were detected by using automatic globulimeter, and lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by using flow cytometry. Results Compared with the control group, the number of WBC, neutrophil granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, total T lymphocytes, CD4+and CD8+T lymphocytes and the percentages in the model group were decreased (all P＜0.05), and percentages of the lymphocytes, B cells and NK cells and ratio of CD4 to CD8 were increased in model group (all P＜ 0.05). Compared with the model group, the above parameters except percentages of T lymphocytes, CD4+and CD8+T lymphocytes were improved in mice of 5 nm cerium oxide nanoparticle group (all P ＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the number of WBC and lymphocytes were decreased in the 5 nm cerium oxide nanoparticle group (P＜0.05), and there were no significances in other parameters compared with the control group (all P ＞0.05). Compared with the control group, the number of WBC and lymphocytes, the number and percentages of T lymphocytes, CD4+and CD8+T lymphocytes and the percentages were decreased (all P＜ 0.05), and percentage of NK cells and ratio of CD4 to CD8 were significantly increased in 25 nm cerium oxide nanoparticles group (all P＜ 0.05). The number of lymphocytes and CD8+T lymphocytes in 25 nm cerium oxide nanoparticles group was lower than that in 5 nm cerium oxide nanoparticles group (all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles of different sizes on the immune cells of mice after X-ray irradiation are different, and 5 nm cerium oxide nanoparticle is superior to 25 nm cerium oxide nanoparticle.

Effect of dose rate of X-ray on clonogenic formation in human lung cancer cell line A549 / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To explore the effects of different dose rates of X-ray under the same dose on cell clonogenic formation in non-small-cell lung cancer cell line A549 in order to provide experimental basis for clinical radiotherapy plan. Methods The A549 cells were cultured at low density and irradiated with X-rays at dose of 4 Gy and selected dose rates of 1, 2, 4 and 6 Gy/min, respectively, from a linear accelerator. The 8th day after irradiation, the cells were fixed and stained with Giemsa solution, and colonies containing at least 50 cells were counted. The plating efficiency and surviving fraction were calculated. Results The clonogenic number in non-irradiated cells was 88.6±4.6. The numbers were significantly reduced in irradiated cells at dose rate 1, 2, 4 and 6 Gy/min (12.3±3.4, 9.0±0.8, 5.6±1.0, 11.5±1.7, respectively) than that in non-irradiated control cells (F=678.799, P<0.05). The plating efficiencies were decreased in irradiated cells, especially in 4 Gy/min irradiated cells, which was lower than that in any of the other three dose rate groups (P< 0.05). Conclusions Though at same radiation dose, cancer cells have different clonogenic formation efficiency when irradiation with X-ray at different dose rates. Thus, treatment with optimal dose rate may improve the radiotherapy efficacy.

Effect of different dose rate of X-rays on cell migration of human non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549 / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To explore the effect of dose rate of X-rays on migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and provide the experimental basis for developing radiotherapy scheme. Methods Human NSCLC cell line A549 was cultured and irradiated with X-rays at dose of 6 Gy from a linear accelerator. The dose rates of 1, 2, 4 and 6 Gy/min were selected. Monolayer adherent cells were scratched and photographed at 0 hour and 24 hours under a microscope to measure the scratch width. Results After 24 hours, the scratch width of nonirradiated control cells was (640.7±8.1)μm. The scratch widths of cells were different when cells were irradiated with X-rays of various dose rates. Scratch widths were the largest in cells irradiated at dose rates of 1 Gy/min [(691.4±7.6)μm] and 6 Gy/min [(691.8±12.1)μm]. The scratch width was (666.2±1.3) μm of X-rays at 4 Gy/min, and there were significant differences compared with nonirradiated group (all P< 0.01), which suggested that inhibitory effect of X-rays at dose rates on A549 cell migration was obvious. However, the scratch width of cells irradiated at 2 Gy/min [(643.5 ±6.8) μm] had no difference compared with the control cells (t=-0.336, P=0.742). Conclusions The effect of X-rays irradiation on cell migration of human NSCLC cell line A549 is related with irradiated dose rate. The effect of different dose rates on cell migration is significantly different. Selecting appropriate dose rates for irradiation may help to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy.

Effect of osgentide on MC3 T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts proliferation under simulated microgravity / 军事医学

Objective To study the effect of osgentide (OST) on proliferation of mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 under simulated microgravity ( SMG ) .Methods Under normal conditions , cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay to screen an OST compound of an effective concentration after MC 3T3-E1 cells were treated with series OSTs .Furthermore, cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution of MC 3T3-E1 cells were analyzed after treatment with 1 nmol/L OST5 by MTT assay and by flow cytometry ( FCM) scanning under SMG .Results Under normal conditions , 1 nmol/L OST5 was able to significantly promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells (P<0.01).Under SMG, proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly inhibited and more cells entered G 1 than under normal conditions (CN).The proportion of S phase of MC3T3-E1 cells after treatment with 1 nmol/L OST5 ( OST-SMG) for 3 d was higher than that of untreated MC 3T3-E1 cells under SMG,suggesting that OST5 could promote DNA synthesis ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion OST5 facilitates the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells under SMG, which provides a basis for the use of OST5 in the prevention and treatment of bone loss relat-ed to microgravity .

Vitamin C induces periodontal ligament progenitor cell differentiation via activation of ERK pathway mediated by PELP1

The differentiation of periodontal ligament (PDL) progenitor cells is important for maintaining the homeostasis of PDL tissue and alveolar bone. Vitamin C (VC), a water-soluble nutrient that cannot be biosynthesized by humans, is vital for mesenchymal stem cells differentiation and plays an important role in bone remodeling. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the function and mechanism of VC in PDL progenitor cells osteogenic differentiation at the molecular level. We demonstrated that VC could induce the osteogenic differentiation and maturation of PDL progenitor cell without other osteogenic agents. During the process, VC preferentially activated ERK1/2 but did not affect JNK or p38. Co-treatment with ERK inhibitor effectively decreased the Vitamin C-induced expression of Runx2. ERK inhibitor also abrogated Vitamin C-induced the minimized nodules formation. PELP1, a nuclear receptor co-regulator, was up-regulated under VC treatment. PELP1 knockdown inhibited ERK phosphorylation. The overexpression of PELP1 had a positive relationship with Runx2 expression. Taken together, we could make a conclude that VC induces the osteogenic differentiation of PDL progenitor cells via PELP1-ERK axis. Our finding implies that VC may have a potential in the regeneration medicine and application to periodontitis treatment.

Clinical efficacy of improved vaginal tightening surgery on vaginal relaxation / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To explore more effective methods in vaginal tightening surgery for vaginal relaxation treatment. Methods 132 cases of patients who suffered the decline in quality of sex life owing to vaginal relaxation, requiring improved vaginal tightening surgery. The vaginal surgery was performed to repair the muscles and fascia of the anterior and posterior walls effectively, meanwhile the perineal laceration was also repaired. According to the hammock theory of the treatment of urethral disruption, patients with urinary incontinence with tension was treated to strengthen one suture needle on muscle fascia in the middle of urethra, when repairing anterior of vagina. For patients with constipation, the posterior of vagina was repaired to strengthen 3 suture needles on levator ani during repairing the anterior and posterior wall, so that the vaginal mucosa could get maximum protection. Results 118 patients had been followed up for 2-7 years. A questionnaire survey was conducted about four elements targeted on improving sexual satisfaction, tension incontinence, constipation and vaginal discharge. The clinical results were satisfactory. Conclusions The surgical design is professional and highly effective, and the patients are satisfied with the results. It is suitable for experienced specialists to perform the procedures.