ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to observe the protection of Grateloupia filicina polysaccharide (GFP) against hepatotoxicity induced by Dioscorea bulbifera L in mice and its underlying mechanism. GFP was intragastrically (ig) given to mice at various doses. After 6 days, the mice were treated with ethyl acetate extract of Dioscorea bulbifera L (EF, ig). Serum levels of alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB) were measured, and liver histological evaluation was conducted. Furthermore, reductions of liver glutathione (GSH) amount and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) activity were tested. The expressions of GCL-c, GCL-m, and HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) in liver were observed by Western-blot. The results showed that GFP (600 mg x kg(-1)) decreased EF-induced the increase of serum ALT, AST and TB, and GFP (400, 600 mg x kg(-1)) inhibited EF-induced the increase of serum ALP. Liver histological evaluation showed that the liver injury induced by EF was relieved after treated with GFP. GFP further increased liver GSH amount and reversed EF-induced the decrease of GCL activity. The Western-blot result showed that GFP augmented EF-induced the increase of HO-1, and reversed EF-induced the decrease of GCL-c. In conclusion, GFP can act against the oxidative stress liver injury induced by Dioscorea bulbifera L in mice.
ABSTRACT
A new oleanane-type triterpenoid glycoside, 3beta-O-(f-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -->3)]-beta-D-fucopyranosyl-11, 13(18) diene-olean-23alpha, 28 diol (1), along with three known phenylethyl glycosides (2-4), was isolated from the root of traditional Chinese medicine Scrophularia ningpoensis. Among them, compounds 2 and 3 were obtained from Scrophularia genus for the first time. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic method including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the structural features and anticoagulant activity of the polysaccharide isolated from Aeodes orbitosa.Methods Sugar composition analysis,methylation analysis and IR were used to characterize the structural features.The anticoagulant activity of the polysaccharide was evaluated by cutting tail and capillary methods.Results The polysaccharide was composed of 3,6-anhydrous-galactose,6-methyl-galactose,2-methyl-galactose,galactose,xylose and glucose in the molar ratios of 6.4∶0.9∶5.8∶1.6∶84.1∶1.2.The content of Sulfate group was 37.5%. The main linkage model of the polysaccharide were 1,3 and 1,4 linkages,branch point located at O-2 and 6 of galactose residues.Sulfate group located at 2 and 6 position of 1,4 linked galactose residue and 2 position of 1,3 linked galactose residue.The polysaccharide showed significant activities to extend bleeding time and coagulation time in mice.Conclusion The polysaccharide from Aeodes orbitosa was a sulfate galactan with strong anticoagulant activity.