ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) in adolescents.Methods:Cross sectional survey research.A total of 1 607 adolescents aged 12-17 years from 5 middle schools in the Haidian District, Beijing from June 2020 to May 2021 were enrolled for measuring their blood pressure, weight, height and the body mass index (BMI), including 782 males and 825 females.BaPWV was measured using an arteriosclerosis detector.They were divided by the age, sex and obesity.Differences of measurement data among multiple groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, followed by the LSD test, and those between groups were compared by the two-sample t-test.The correlation between BaPWV and other indexes was assessed by the Pearson correlation analysis. Results:The median level of BaPWV in adolescents aged 12-17 years increased with age, which was 982.50 cm/s in adolescents aged 12 years, and maximum 1 113.50 cm/s those aged 17 years.BaPWV in adolescents aged 12-17 years was positively correlated with age ( r=0.936, P=0.006). Subgrouped by the sex, the median BaPWV of male and female adolescents aged 12 years was 962.25 cm/s and 997.50 cm/s, respectively, which reached 1 122.50 cm/s and 1 096.00 cm/s in those aged 17 years, respectively.BaPWV of male and female adolescents was positively correlated with the age ( r=0.903, P=0.014; r=0.945, P=0.004). In male adolescents, BaPWV was positively correlated the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, age, weight, height, BMI( r=0.308, P<0.001; r=0.289, P<0.001; r=0.478, P<0.001; r=0.190, P<0.001; r=0.315, P<0.001; r=0.109, P=0.002). In female adolescents, BaPWV also was positively correlated the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, age, weight, height, BMI( r=0.340, P<0.001; r=0.285, P<0.001; r=0.379, P<0.001; r=0.115, P=0.001; r=0.170, P=0.001; r=0.097, P=0.014). In the overall population, BaPWV was statistically significant between the obese and normal groups ( t=-3.428, P=0.001). No significant difference in BaPWV between male and female adolescents aged 12-13 years was identified ( t=0.123, P=0.902 ), but it was significantly lower in female adolescents aged 14-15 years and 16-17 years than those of age-matched males( t=2.315, P=0.021; t=2.152, P=0.032). Conclusions:The median BaPWV level in adolescents aged 12-17 years, increases with the age.Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body weight, BMI, age and height are positively correlated with BaPWV in adolescents.Obesity can increase the stiffness of blood vessels, which is influenced by the sex.
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Objective To analyze CT imaging findings and pathological features of the thymic cyst.Methods The CT findings of 20 cases with thymic cyst confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.The analysis included the location,shape ,size ,density ,contour, unilocular or multilocular,with or without walls,enhancement and lesion periphery.The pathology results were compared to CT findings.Results All lesions were located in the anterior mediastinum,in which the location of left side in 12 cases,right side in 6 cases,median mediastinum in 2 cases.All lesions had clear border and unilocular,including round shape in 4 cases,oval shape in 8 cases,and irregular shape in 8 cases with triangular shape in 1 case,the size range was 2-6 cm.4 cases had obvious cyst wall.The CT value of the cyst had range of 4-53 HU,with 10 cases less than 10 HU and 10 cases greater than 10 HU.There was no enhancement within the cysts of 20 cases and the cyst wall had enhancement in 4 cases.All cases of pathological findings were confirmed as thymus cyst.Gross sample showed gray red or isabeling.The lesion was cystic in 18 cases,soft stereocyst in 2 cases,bright yellow liquid within the capsule in 10 cases,butter fat in 5 cases,chylomicrons in 3 cases,unilocular in 19 cases and multilocular in 1 case (butter fat).Microscope showed the fibrous capsule wall in all cases,lined with squamous epithelium,ciliated columnar epithelium,monolayer columnar epithelium,in which could be seen normal thymus tissue.The thickness of the wall was no more than 0.5 cm,and multilocular wall smooth,no obvious inflammatory response in the surrounding.Conclusion CT image findings can clearly show the thymic cyst site,shape,size,density and boundaries,unilocular or multilocular,with or without walls.The CT image can reflect pathological features of the thymic cyst,and can provide accurate and reliable information for the clinic.
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Objective To explore value of CT features in diagnosis of traumatic diaphragmatic rupture.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on totally 256 patients with suspected traumatic diaphragmatic rupture,among them 128 were confirmed after surgery.All patients underwent CT scan before surgery.The prevalence of CT findings were recorded,including diaphragm discontinuity or segmental non-recognition of diaphragm," collar" sign," intrathoracic herniation of abdominal contents" sign," dependent viscera" sign," dangling diaphragm" sign and " thickness of the diaphragm" sign.The sensitivity and specificity of each sign were calculated.Results The sensitivity of diaphragm discontinuity or segmental non-recognition of diaphragm,"collar" sign,"intrathoracic herniation of abdominal contents" sign,"dependent viscera" sign,"dangling diaphragm" sign and "thickness of the diaphragm" sign of diaphragmatic rupture was 75.00％ (96/128),84.37％ (108/128),78.13％ (100/128),76.56％ (98/128),54.68％ (70/128) and 46.87％ (60/128),respectively.The specificity was 93.75％ (120/128),98.43％ (126/128),98.43％ (126/128),99.21％ (127/128),93.75％ (120/128) and 84.38％ (108/128),respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of overall MSCT signs was 92.18％ and 100％,respectively.Conclusion CT features have high value in diagnosis of traumatic diaphragmatic rupture.