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AIM: To investigate the differences in varying stages of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS: Cross-sectional study. A total of 77 cases(77 eyes)of diabetic patients were included, and they were divided into non-diabetic retinopathy(NDR; 23 eyes)and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR; 54 eyes)groups, further subdivided into mild NPDR(20 eyes), moderate NPDR(20 eyes), and severe NPDR(14 eyes). Foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area, superficial and deep capillary plexus densities(SSP and DSP), and visual acuity(LogMAR)were compared between NDR and NPDR groups. Furthermore, the visual acuity, FAZ area and levels of SSP and DSP were compared in different degrees of NPDR. Correlation analysis were conducted to elucidate relationships between FAZ area, visual acuity, SSP, DSP, and severity of the disease.RESULTS: Compared with the NDR group, the visual acuity(LogMAR)and macular FAZ area increased, while SSP and DSP were decreased in the NPDR group(P<0.05); there were significant differences in visual acuity, FAZ area and SSP and DSP levels in different degrees of NPDR(P<0.05). Visual acuity(LogMAR)and FAZ area displayed a positive correlation with the severity of disease, while SSP and DSP showed a negative correlation.CONCLUSION: With the progression of NPDR, the visual acuity(LogMAR)and FAZ area increased, and the SSP and DSP decreased.
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OBJECTIVE To explore prevention and control measures and disinfection methods of intestinal virus hospital infection.METHODS Based on the prevention and control of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(2009),the measures on the administration of hospital infection and disinfection techniqul were taken,under the guidance of the center for disease control.RESULTS The effective prevention and control in intestinal virus stopped the spread and cross-infection.CONCLUSIONS Countermeasures of intestinal virus diseases caused by toxic encephalitis are effective following HFMD hospital infection prevention and control measures.
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OBJECTIVE To analyze 61 cases occupational exposure risk factors,the preventive measures and reduce occupational exposure risk.METHODS The record of 61 cases of occupational exposure such as job seniority,occupation,exposed location,place,method,damage degree,processing,preventive medicine and follow-up results register will be statisticully analysed according to the registered items from Jan 2007 to Dec 2008.RESULTS The factors of occupational exposuve were needle treatment,violating operution standard and deficient of protective measures.Both ward and hand were the main place of occupational exposure.CONCLUSIONS Strengthening of effective preventive measues is key to minimize the risk of occupational exposure and reduce the incidence of infection.
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Objective To investigate the effects of different carrier gases on the performance of Ohmeda Tec6 desflurane vaporizer. Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱpatients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia with desflurane were enrolled in this study. The age ranged from 37-67 years(mean age 60 years) and body weight from 46-75kg(mean body weight 59.6kg). After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation anesthesia was maintained with desflurane. The fresh gas flow(FGF) rate of Ohmeda 210 anesthesia machine was maintained at 5.0L/min and vaporizer dial was set at 6% or 3% . The inspired Concentration of desflurane(FIdes) was analyzed by a Datex ULT-V Capnomac. Five different carrier gases were used:(1) 100%O2;(2) 70% O2 + 30%N2O;(3) 30% O2 + 70%N2O;(4) 70% O2 + 30% N2;(5)30% O2 + 70% N2. There was an interval of 10 mm between two different carrier gases and 40 samples were analyzed for each carrier gas. Results Different carrier gases markedly affected the outflow of Tec6 desflurane vaporizer. The inspired concentration of desflurane decreased significantly with the decrease in oxygen concentration of FGF. Nitrous oxide affected FIdes more significantly than nitrogen at the same concentration of oxygen. Conclusions The oxygen and nitrous oxide concentration of carrier gas affects the inspired concentration of desflurane when Ohmeda Tec6 desflurane vaporized is used.