ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the clinical effect ofvitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade in the treatment of idiopathic macular hole (IMH).Methods A prospective,nonrandomized controlled case cohort study.Twenty eyes of 20 patients with IMH in Ophthamology Department of The Second Hospital of Jilin University from September 2016 to January 2017 were included in this study.There were 4 males (4 eyes) and 16 females (16 eyes),with the mean age of 60.60 ± 9.50 years and the mean disease course of 9.55 ± 15.5 months.The stage of macular hole ranged from Ⅱ to Ⅳ.All patients underwent BCVA,intraocular pressure,spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) and multifocal ERG examinations.The BCVA examination was performed using the international standard visual acuity chart,which was converted into logMAR visual acuity.The minimum diameter (MIN),bottom diameter (BD),height (H),the defective diameter of ellipsoid zone,the defective diameter of external limiting membrane (ELM) of the macular hole were measured by SD-OCT (German Heidelberg).Then the macular hole index (MHI=H/BD),hole traction index (THI=MD/BD) and hole diameter index (DHI=H/MD) were calculated.The response density in P1 wave was detected by mf-ERG.The logMAR BCVA was 1.18 ± 0.54.There were 5 eyes with less than 400 μm MIN,13 eyes with 400-700 μm MIN and 2 eyes with over than 700 μm MIN.All the patients were underwent vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade.According to the SD-OCT image features after surgery,IMH closure was divided into type Ⅰ closed,type Ⅱ closed and unclosed.The follow-up was equal or greater than 3 months.The closure rate of IMH,BCVA and the changes of microstructure parameters of macular area were observed.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between BCVA and the wave response density in P 1 before surgery and the efficacy after IMH surgery.Results Closure rate of IMH:18 eyes (90.0％) were completely closed (all type Ⅰ closed).The closure rate of macular hole with the MIN less than 400 μm was 100.0％ (5/5),400-700 μm was 92.3％ (12/13),and over than 700 μm was 50％ (1/2).BCVA:the mean logMAR BCVA at 1 week,1 month,3 months after surgery were 0.83± 0.54,0.65 ± 0.41,0.48± 0.34,and there was statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative BCVA (t=3.382,4.459,5.250;P=0.003,0.007,0.004).The outcomes of SD-OCT at 3 months after surgery:18 eyes (90.0％) with intact ELM.The defective diameter of ellipsoid zone was 260.34±272.08 μm,there was statistically significant difference between before and after surgery (t=13.545,P=0.002).The outcomes of mf-ERG:the P 1 wave response density of the ring 1 and ring 2 after surgery were increased compared with before surgery (t=-16.748,-6.151;P＜ 0.01,＜ 0.01).The results of Spearman correlation analysis:there was a positive correlation between postoperative BCVA and preoperative MIN,the defective diameter of ellipsoid zone and ELM,and postoperative the defective diameter of ellipsoid zone (r=0.56,0.59,0.68,0.52;P=0.010,0.006,0.001,0.019).The postoperative BCVA was negatively correlated with the P 1 wave response density of ring 1 and ring 2 of mfERG (r=-0.34,-0.16;P=0.006,0.020).The IMH closure had a significant negative correlation with MIN and the defective diameter of ELM (r=-0.449,-0.449;P=0.047,0.047).MHI and THI were positively correlated with the closure of the hole (r=0.474,0.546;P=0.035,0.013).Intraocular pressure increased in 2 eyes during the follow-up period,and returned to normal within 1 week after the administration of antihypertensive drugs.There were no complications during or after the operation.Conclusions Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade in the treatment of IMH is safe and effective.The MIN,MHI THI are significantly correlated with the curative effect after IMH surgery,which could be used as the index to predict and evaluate the curative effect.The response density of ring 1 and ring 2 in P1 wave of mf-ERG is signifi-cantly improved compared with before surgery,and which is negatively correlated with BCVA.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To observe the clinical effect of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade in the treatment of idiopathic macular hole (IMH).@*Methods@#A prospective, non-randomized controlled case cohort study. Twenty eyes of 20 patients with IMH in Ophthamology Department of The Second Hospital of Jilin University from September 2016 to January 2017 were included in this study. There were 4 males (4 eyes) and 16 females (16 eyes), with the mean age of 60.60±9.50 years and the mean disease course of 9.55±15.5 months. The stage of macular hole ranged from Ⅱ to Ⅳ. All patients underwent BCVA, intraocular pressure, spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) and multifocal ERG examinations. The BCVA examination was performed using the international standard visual acuity chart, which was converted into logMAR visual acuity. The minimum diameter (MIN), bottom diameter (BD), height (H), the defective diameter of ellipsoid zone, the defective diameter of external limiting membrane (ELM) of the macular hole were measured by SD-OCT (German Heidelberg). Then the macular hole index (MHI=H/BD), hole traction index(THI=MD/BD) and hole diameter index (DHI=H/MD) were calculated. The response density in P1 wave was detected by mf-ERG. The logMAR BCVA was 1.18±0.54. There were 5 eyes with less than 400 μm MIN, 13 eyes with 400-700 μm MIN and 2 eyes with over than 700 μm MIN. All the patients were underwent vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade. According to the SD-OCT image features after surgery, IMH closure was divided into type Ⅰ closed, type Ⅱ closed and unclosed. The follow-up was equal or greater than 3 months. The closure rate of IMH, BCVA and the changes of microstructure parameters of macular area were observed. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between BCVA and the wave response density in P1 before surgery and the efficacy after IMH surgery.@*Results@#Closure rate of IMH: 18 eyes (90.0%) were completely closed (all type Ⅰ closed). The closure rate of macular hole with the MIN less than 400 μm was 100.0% (5/5), 400-700 μm was 92.3% (12/13), and over than 700 μm was 50% (1/2). BCVA: the mean logMAR BCVA at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months after surgery were 0.83±0.54, 0.65±0.41, 0.48±0.34, and there was statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative BCVA (t=3.382, 4.459, 5.250; P=0.003, 0.007, 0.004). The outcomes of SD-OCT at 3 months after surgery: 18 eyes (90.0%) with intact ELM. The defective diameter of ellipsoid zone was 260.34±272.08 μm, there was statistically significant difference between before and after surgery (t=13.545, P=0.002). The outcomes of mf-ERG: the P1 wave response density of the ring 1 and ring 2 after surgery were increased compared with before surgery (t=-16.748, - 6.151; P<0.01,<0.01). The results of Spearman correlation analysis: there was a positive correlation between postoperative BCVA and preoperative MIN, the defective diameter of ellipsoid zone and ELM, and postoperative the defective diameter of ellipsoid zone (r=0.56, 0.59, 0.68, 0.52; P=0.010, 0.006, 0.001, 0.019). The postoperative BCVA was negatively correlated with the P1 wave response density of ring 1 and ring 2 of mf- ERG (r=-0.34, -0.16; P=0.006, 0.020). The IMH closure had a significant negative correlation with MIN and the defective diameter of ELM(r=-0.449, -0.449; P=0.047, 0.047). MHI and THI were positively correlated with the closure of the hole (r=0.474, 0.546; P=0.035, 0.013). Intraocular pressure increased in 2 eyes during the follow-up period, and returned to normal within 1 week after the administration of antihypertensive drugs. There were no complications during or after the operation.@*Conclusions@#Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade in the treatment of IMH is safe and effective. The MIN, MHI THI are significantly correlated with the curative effect after IMH surgery, which could be used as the index to predict and evaluate the curative effect. The response density of ring 1 and ring 2 in P1 wave of mf-ERG is signifi-cantly improved compared with before surgery, and which is negatively correlated with BCVA.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveToll-like receptors (TLRs) play important role in the progression and tumor immunity of some types of cancer,some research have demonstrated that agonist of TLR3 can trigger apoptosis of cancers.This study was proposed to investigate if Poly(I:C),the specific agonist of TLR3,could impact proliferation or apoptosis of progressive breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231,and to investigate the primary mechanism of the function.MethodsExpression of TLR1-10 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the inhibitory effect of Poly(I:C) on proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells.Cell apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry with V-FITC/PI staining.Results First,the toll-like receptors 1-10 were all expressed on MDA-MB-231 cells,while the expression level of TLR8 was lower than that of others.Second,according to the CCK-8,the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited,but the apoptosis was not affected on the basis of Apoptosis Kit.At last,the mRNA expression of TNF-α、IFN-β and IFN-γ were elevated approximately 20 times after Poly(I:C) stimulation for 6 hours.ConclusionMDA-MB-231 cells express all toll-like receptors on mRNA level,and TLR8 was expressed lower than others.The stimulation of TLR3 with Poly(I:C) can inhibit the proliferation of MDA-MB-231,but had no effect on apoptosis.TNF-α、IFN-β and IFN-γ maybe participate in this process.