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Objective To observe the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM),Caspase-3 and interleukin (IL)-6 in optic nerve tissue of ischemic optic neuropathy (ION).Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and model group,10 rats in each group.The permanent ligation of bilateral internal carotid arteries (BICA) was performed for 14 days to establish subacute ION model as model group.The control group were separated BICA without ligation.The expressions of TREM-1,TREM-2,Caspase-3 and IL-6 in rat retina were detected by reverse transcription PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results Compared with the control group,the expressions of TREM-1,Caspase-3,IL-6mRNA (t=6.058,7.86,6.055) and protein (t=9.671,9.524,14.501) in the optic nerve tissue of the model group were increased,while the expression ofTREM-2 mRNA and protein (t=9.283) was decreased,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion In ischemic optic nerve tissue,TREM-1 mRNA and protein were significantly expressed,the expressions of TREM-2 mRNA and protein decreased significantly.
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Objective To assess the clinical diagnosis value and treatment effect of anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)and inhibin B(INHB)in polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)patients.Methods Total of 300 cases of PCOS patients were enrolled in this study from January 2014 to January 2016 in the First Affiliated Hospital,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,and those patients were randomly divided into group A,group B and group C.There were 100 patients in every group.The patients in group A were interfered by traditional Chinese medicine.The patients in group B were treated with Western medicine and those in group C were treated with traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine.Total of 264 cases health volunteers were enrolled as the control group.The effect was evaluated.The level of AMH and INHB in serum of PCOS patients were detected by chemiluminescent assay before treatment and three months after treatment.Results The cutoffs of AMH and INHB were 6.98 ng/ml and 150 pg/ml,respectively.The AUC of AMH combined with INHB was significantly larger than that of AMH or INHB(0.945 vs.0.859,0.945 vs.0.784).In the PCOS group,the positive PCOS rate of AMH combined with INHB was significantly larger than that of AMH or INHB[87.00％(261/300)vs.83.33％(250/300)vs.93.67％(281/300),x2=15.593,P=0.000].The sensitivity[93.67％(281/300)],specificity[92.42％(244/264)],positive predictive value[93.36％(281/288)],negative predictive value[92.78％(244/264)]and Jordanian index(0.659)of AMH combined with INHB was significantly larger than that of AMH[87.00％(261/300),87.88％(232/264),89.08％(261/293),85.61％(232/271)and 0.612]or INHB[83.33％(250/300),90.15％(238/264),90.58％(250/276),82.64％(238/301)and 0.571].After treatment,AMH[(9.06±2.13)ng/ml vs.(6.34±1.12)ng/ml,t=10.595,P=0.000;(9.08±2.08)ng/ml vs.(6.02±1.02)ng/ml,t=13.209,P=0.000;(9.13±2.31)ng/ml vs.(3.53±0.83)ng/ml,t=22.814,P=0.000]and INHB[(173.13±14.22)pg/ml vs.(145.26±13.05)pg/ml,t=14.440,P=0.000;(174.28±13.82)pg/ml vs.(145.39±12.98)pg/ml,t=15.238,P=0.000;(174.98±13.77)pg/ml vs.(133.15±12.04)pg/ml,t=22.869,P=0.000]in 3 groups had decreased.After treatment,the AMH of group C [(3.53±0.83)ng/ml] was significantly lower than that of group A and B[(6.34±1.12)ng/ml and(6.02±1.02)ng/ml,F=237.936,P=0.000],and the level of AMH in group C [(133.15±12.04)pg/ml] was significantly lower than that in both group A and group B[(145.26±13.05)pg/ml and(145.39±12.98)pg/ml,F=30.645,P=0.000].Conclusions AMH combined with INHB can be used to diagnose PCOS.AMH and INHB can be used to evaluate PCOS efficacy.
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Objective To discuss the clinical application of percutaneous transhepatic removal of gall-stone technique in treating common bile duct (CBD) stones.Methods Between January 2013 and January 2015,a total of 25 patients with CBD stones underwent lithotomy procedure via percutaneous transhepatic route.First,under ultrasound or fluoroscopy guidance percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) was performed with subsequent placement of an 8 F rsheath;then,a balloon of 8-12 mm diameter was employed to dilate the papilla;mechanical lithotripsy was adopted when the stone size exceeded 12 mm;finally,through guide-wire exchange technique the stone-retrieval balloon was used to push the stones into the intestinal tract through the sphincter of duodenal papilla.Results The reasons to receive percutaneous transhepatic removal of gall-stone technique in the 25 patients included previous gastrointestinal surgery (n=18),endoscopic treatment failure (n=3),unwilling to receive endoscopic treatment (n=3),and other reasons (n=1).Successful removal of stones was accomplished in all 25 patients.After the treatment,complications occurred in 3 patients (12％),including fever (n=2) and liver abscess formation (n=1).The patients were followed up for 0.5-3 years;two patients died of tumor recurrence and metastasis,and one patient developed recurrence of common bile duct stones.No reflux cholangitis occurred.Conclusion For the treatment of CBD stones,percutaneous transhepatic removal of gall-stone technique carries higher technical success rate with lower incidence of complications,therefore,this technique can be used for the patients who are not suitable for endoscopic treatment or in whom endoscopic treatment failed.
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Objective To explore the application of dynamic grey GM (1,1)modeling,analyse and forecast varieties of blood collection volume for central blood bank of Chengde in Hebei Province,under normal dynamic development trends,and make quantitative predictions according to the model’s application.Methods According to the blood collection data of whole blood,single white blood platelet (person-portion)in the blood Bank of Chengde city fom January 2004 to December 2013 (400 ml/people),and in order to test predictive ability of the model by comparing the forecast value with the actual value in 2013.At the same time,analysed blood collection value in 2014 to 2016.Results The above two types of blood collection number grey GM (1,1)model Y (t)posterior difference (standard deviation)C<0.35,small error probability P was 1.Ac-curacy was excellent,good for prediction of blood collection.Conclusion These two categories of blood collecting species in Central Blood Bank of Chengde increased gradually.Grey model GM (1,1)as a new prediction model can forecast reasonably clinical blood collection volume under normal lynamic development trends.
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AIM: To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species ( ROS)-mediated mitochondrial oxidative injury in isonicotinyl hydrazide ( INH)-induced DNA damage and the protective effect of quercetin on L-02 cells.ME-THODS:The injury model of hepatocyte L-02cells in vitro induced by INH was established .The cells were divided into control group, INH group, low-dose quercetin group and high-dose quercetin group.The DNA damage of L-02 cells was evaluated by the comet test .The mitochondrion was prepared , and the level of mitochondrial ROS and the value of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) were detected by fluorescent probes DCFH-DA and rhodamine 123.The content of MDA was measured by TBA method .The activity of SOD was assessed with the xanthine oxidase method .The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was determined by Western blotting , and the value of Bax/Bcl-2 was calculated .RESULTS:INH induced obvious DNA damage , increased the level of mitochondrial ROS , the content of MDA and the value of Bax/Bcl-2, and markedly reduced the value of ΔΨm and the activity of SOD in the L-02 cells.Quercetin attenuated DNA dam-age, reduced the level of mitochondrial ROS , elevated the value of ΔΨm , declined the content of MDA , increased the ac-tivity of SOD and decreased the value of Bax/Bcl-2 in the L-02 cells.CONCLUSION:INH induces DNA damage in L-02 cells by generation of mitochondrial oxidative stress .Quercetin has a protective effect on L-02 cells to attenuate the INH-in-duced DNA damage by inhibiting ROS-mediated mitochondrial oxidative damage .
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Objective To investigate the correlation factors of liver injury in infectious mononucleosis(IM).Methods One hundred and seventy-five IM patients were divided into two groups:IM with liver injury(patient group,85 cases)and IM without liver injury(control group,90 cases).Single factor and multiple factor analysis were completed by unconditional Logistic regression.Results Single factor analysis results showed that there were significance differences between the two groups in age(≥6 years old),male,course of disease,severe disease(involving ≥ 2 organs),heating time,the peak temperature,white blood cell(WBC)and C reactive protein(CRP),CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-capsid antigen(CA)-IgM antibody positive and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)(P＜0.05).Age(≥ 6 years old),male,course of disease,severe disease(involving ≥2 organs),heating time,the peak temperature,WBC,CRP,CD8+,EBV-CA-IgM antibody positive and increased ESR showed positive correlation with IM combined with liver injury,and CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ showed negatively correlated with IM combined with liver injury.Multiple factor analysis results showed that severe disease(involving ≥2 organs),CD8+ high levels were independent risk factors for IM combined with liver injury,and CD4+ high levels and CD4+/CD8+ high were protection factors for IM combined with liver injury(P＜0.05).Conclusions Severe disease(involving ≥2 organs),CD8+ high levels are independent risk factors for IM combined with liver injury,and CD4+ high levels and CD4+/CD8+ high are protection factors for IM combined with liver injury.Therefore,immune modulators should be used to intervene the above factors when patients are treated with antiviral drugs.
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Objective To investigate the related factors analysis of hepatitis B liver cirrhosis with secondary glucose metabolism disorders.Methods 184 patients with hepatitis B liver cirrhosis were selected as the research object and were given 75g oral glucose tolerance test( OGTI),then they were divided into three groups[ normal glucose tolerance(NGT) group,impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose regulation impairment(IGR) group,diabetic( DM ) group ] according the results.The general information,laboratory examination and viral load of three groups were compared.Results ( 1 ) The difference of age,waist size,weight,body mass index data and hepatitis B virus load in IGR group and DM group compared with NGT group were statistically significant difference ( all P ＜0.05 ),IGR compared with DM group,all index comparative differences were not significant (all P ＞ 0.05 ).(2)As the aggravating of glucose metabolism disorder,the positive rate of HBsAg,HBeAg and former S1 antigen of NGT group,IGR group and DM group were gradually raised ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The body mass index and hepatitis B virus load are relatively independent risk factors of secondary glucose metabolism disorders in patients with hepatitis B liver cirrhosis,and which are positive correlation with it.However,gender,age,blood lipids are not obvious correlation with secondary glucose metabolism disorders.
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Objective To investigate influence of nursing intervention on quality of life of hospitalized patients with peptic ulcer. Methods l00 cases of peptic ulcer patients from October 2009 to September 2011 were chosen as the object.50 patients of hospitalized patients were defined as the ward group,and 50 cases of patients in outpatient were defined as the outpatient group.The life quality questionnaire was adopted to evaluate life quality before and after treatment between two groups. Results After intervention,number of patients whose score ranged 5～7 grades were more in the ward group than those in the outpatient group. Conclusions Nursing intervention for patients with peptic ulcer has significant effect on life quality and treatment effect of them.
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ObjectiveTo explore the effect of second-stage revision in treating infection after artificial total hip arthroplasty.MethodsThe clinical data of 11 cases with infection after artificial total hip arthroplasty who got second-stage revision from April 2007 to October 2009 were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were treated with first-stage complete debridement,antibiotic-loaded bone cement prosthesis implantation and second-stage revision after controlling infection.The therapeutic effect was assessed by Harris hip score,laboratory examination and imaging study.ResultsThe average interval of first-stage debridement and second-stage revision was 5.6 (4-11) months.The average time of follow-up was 34 (24-48) months.None of 11 patients had reinfection and complications.Harris hip score before operation [17-43 (30.71±13.52) scores] and during follow-up after operation [72-96 (84.38±12.85) scores] had statistical significance (P＜ 0.05).Six cases had good effect,4 cases were moderate and 1 case was acceptable.The rate of good and moderate effect was 90.91％( 10/1 1 ).ConclusionsSecond-stage revision can reserve the function of hip joint effectively and has high infection eradicating rate.Therefore,it is an effective treatment for postoperative infection of artificial total hip arthroplasty.
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Objective To analyze the behavioral characteristics and mental health status for patients with chronic hepatitis B,to explore the correlation between them and analyze the influence of behavioral characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B on their mental health.And provide a reference of clinical mental health intervention for patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 216 cases of patients with chronic hepatitis B in our hospital from October 2010 to October 2011 were chosen as the research object.Symptom checklist-90(SCL-90)and Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ)were used for evaluation.The correlation of behavioral characteristics and mental health status for patients with chronic hepatitis B and the effect of behavioral characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B for their mental health were analyzed.Results The SCL-90 score for 216 cases of chronic hepatitis B patients showed that its total score was significantly higher than the norm,the difference was statistically significant.The results of EPQ score showed that the neurotic or emotional stability of personality scores were significantly higher than the norm,the difference was significant.The psychotic scores were significantly lower than the norm,the difference was significant.The analysis of the correlation for nine projects in the SCL-90 scale and four items in the EPQ scale showed that introversion had a significant positive correlation with compulsion,depression,anxiety,fear and paranoia.The nervous or emotion had a significant positive correlation with compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,paranoid,psychotic.Conclusions The behavioral characteristics of chronic hepatitis B patients have a relation with the mental health.The mental health status changes according to the changes of behavioral characteristics.
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In previous study we isolated a gram-positive bacterial strain, designated Niu-O16, from bovine rumen gastric juice. The growing cells of bacterial strain Niu-O16 is capable of biotransforming isoflavone daidzein into dihydrodaidzein efficiently under anaerobic conditions. In this study we investigated the optimal bioconversion conditions for the resting cells of bacterial strain Niu-O16 to convert daidzein into dihydrodaidzein. Single factor test showed that the optimal conditions for the initial pH of phosphate buffer, the concentration of the resting cell and the concentration of the substrate daidzein were 6.0-8.0, 32-64 mg/mL (wet weight) and 0.8-1.2 mmol/L, respectively. Orthogonal experiments were used to determine the optimal combination of the resting cell concentration, substrate concentration and biotransformation time. The results showed that the optimal combination included resting cell concentration 32 mg/mL, substrate concentration 0.8 mmol/L and the biotransformation time 24 h. Furthermore, the biotransformation kinetics under optimal conditions were studied, under which conditions the highest bioconversion rate was 63.9% in the resting cell system. The results might provide information for resting cell biotransforming of anaerobes as well as its industrial application.
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Animals , Cattle , Anaerobiosis , Biotransformation , Culture Techniques , Methods , Gastric Juice , Microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacteria , Physiology , Isoflavones , Chemistry , Metabolism , Kinetics , Rumen , MicrobiologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CAP/CPPS) patients. Methods The 38 cases with CAP/CPPS patients (18 cases of CAP and 20 cases of CPPS) and 20 cases of healthy controls were selected. The differential expressions of 40 kinds of inflammatory cytokines were detec-ted by antibody arrays in prostate fluid. Results The inflammatory cytokines which increased more than 1.5 times expression have been found. There were seven kinds in CAP including monocyte che-moattractant protein (MCP)-1, solution tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ(s TNF R Ⅱ), platelet-de-rived growth faetor-BB (PDGF-BB), interleukin (IL)-β, IL-11、IL-6、MCP-2 and five kinds in CPPS groups including MCP-1、PDGF-BB、MCP-2、s TNF R Ⅱ、It-11 respectively, compared with healthy control group. The cluster analysis results showed that protein expression of Monocyte chemoattrac-tant protein 1 (MCP-1)and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) were significantly increased in CAP (3.47 and 2.07 times) and CPPS (2.25 and 2.19 times) compared with healthy control group and were the final polymerization of inflammatory cytokines. The protein expression of interleukin 1 β (IL-1 β), MCP-1 and soluble tumor necrosis factor Ⅱ (s TNF R Ⅱ) in CAP group was increased more than 1.85,1.55,1.67 times compared with CPPS group. Conclusions Elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in the course of CAP/CPPS disease. The extent of the inflammatory response of CAP was higher than CPPS. The inflammatory factors of MCP-1 and PDGF-BB could serve as a novel diagnostic marker.
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To analyze preponderance and prohibition of combined using of tradifional Chinese and western medicine in clinical treatment,hoping to provide referencefor clinical application.
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BACKGROUND: Varicocele (VC) can induce the infertility in males, so the investigation on its mechanism is important for the treatment of male infertility. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of VC induced by surgical operation on the contents of mitochondria calcium, cytochrome C and cell apoptosis as well as the changes of microstructure and ultrastructure in epididymis. DESIGN: Randomized control experiment. MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in Jiamusi University between June 2003 and May 2004. Forty male adolescent Wistar rats with the average body mass of (220±20) g were selected, which were provided by the Animal Laboratory of Jiamusi University. Rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group and deligation group with 20 rats in each group at one week after feeding at room temperature. METHODS: Rats in the sham-operation group were made into sham-op eration models by exposing the left renal vein. Rats in the deligation group were deligated of partial left renal veins so as to establish VC models. Bilateral epididymides were removed at ten weeks after operation. The levels of mitochondria calcium in head and body of epididymis as well as the contents of cytochrome C and cytoplasm cytochrome C were detected. The cell apoptosis was detected by in situ terminal deoxynucleotityl transferase mediated dTUP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. The specimens of corpus epididymis were routinely made for observation under optimal microscope and electron microscope. The changes of microstructure and ultrastructure of epididymis were studied.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The contents of mitochondria calcium, cytochrome C and cytoplasm cytochrome C. Cell apoptosis. Changes of cellular morphous in epididymis. RESULTS: A total of 40 rats were involved in the analysis of results.① The contents of mitochondria calcium in bilateral epididymis were obviously decreased in the deligation group than the sham-operation group [(4.72±1.45), (5.90±1.97), (10.13±2.34) mg/g, (P ＜ 0.01)].②The content of mitochondria cytochrome C in right epididymis obviously increased more in the deligation group than the sham-operation group [(0.36±0.20), (0.19±0.14), (0.15±0.07) μmol/L (P ＜ 0.05)]. ③The contents of cytoplasm cytochrome C in bilateral epididymis greatly increased more in the deligation group than the sham-operation group [(8.17±1.49), (7.48 ± 1.60), (5.93±1.60) mol/L, (P ＜ 0.05)].④The apoptotic rate of bilateral cells in the deligation group was significantly increased than the sham-op eration group [( 13.3±1.9)%, ( 12.6±1.5)%, (6.2±0.3)%,(P ＜ 0.01 )]. However, there were no significant differences in mitochondria calcium, cytochrome C, cytoplasm cytochrome C and apoptotic rate between the left and right mitochondria of the deligation group (P ＞ 0.05).⑤Main changes under light microscope: cuctus epididymis shrinked, the blebbing appeared in epithelial cells, and the light cells as well as halo cells in epithelia were significantly increased. ⑥Main representation under electron microscope: the cytolysosome inside the chief cells were increased and enlarged with increased residual bodies, and the endoplasmic reticulum expanded, the mitochondria cristae was dim, the Golgi complex was vacuolated. Besides, nuclear chromatin were dense and in lump at different size, which located mainly in the nuclear membrane. The microvilli of columnar epithelial cells were sparse and local defects could be seen. CONCLUSION: The cytochrome C is released to kytoplasm via mitochondrial outer membrane, which activates the caspase 3 and leads to the apoptosis, and accordingly causes excessive apoptosis of epididymal tissues and as well as the changes of microstructure and ultrastructure. All these changes may be one of the important reasons of infertility resulting from VC.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mischief mechanism of oxidative stress in the varicocele (VC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum was taken from the spermatic and peripheral veins on ligation of the internal spermatic veins in 28 infertile males with VC. Experimental VC was established in male rats by partial ligation of the left renal vein. And testis tissue was taken three months after operation. The nitric oxide(NO), nitric oxide synthetase (NOS), xanthine oxidase (XO), lactic acid(Lac) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum of 28 infertile males with VC and the testis tissue of the VC rats were detected by spectrophotometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NO, NOS, XO and Lac in the serum of internal spermatic veins in the infertile males with VC were significantly higher than in the serum of peripheral veins in the VC patients (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). LDH was lower than that in peripheral serum. NO and XO of the left testis tissue in the VC rats were higher compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Lac in the left testis of the VC rats was lower than that in the control group rats (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NO, NOS and XO in the serum of the VC patients and in the testis tissues of the VC rats were increased, and Lac and LDH were changed obviously, which might not only disturb spermatogenesis, but also inhibit sperm motility. Therefore they might be one of the causes of infertility in VC patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Infertility, Male , Nitric Oxide , Nitric Oxide Synthase , Oxidative Stress , Rats, Wistar , Varicocele , Metabolism , Xanthine OxidaseABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of experimental varicocele on mitochondria calcium and cytochrome C of the epididymal cells in adolescent rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty male adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups randomly: varicocele group (VG) and sham operation group (SOG) by partial ligation or exposure of the left renal vein. Bilateral epididymides were removed after ten</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The content of mitochondria weeks. Mitochondria calcium and cytochrome C levels of the epididymal cells were detected. calcium decreased (P < 0.001 ) while that of cytochrome C increased (P < 0.05) markedly in the experimental group compared with SOG.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Calcium dyshomeostasis and mitochondrial damage of the epididymal cells caused by varicocele may play an important role in leading to subfertility.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Calcium , Metabolism , Cytochromes c , Epididymis , Metabolism , Infertility, Male , Mitochondria , Metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Varicocele , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of super painkiller on the sexual function of male Wistar rats with diabetes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two Wistar rats at 3-5 months of age were divided into two groups at random: 22 in the diabetes group, and 10 in the control group. After 72 hours, the former was further divided into 2 subgroups: non-treatment and super painkiller treatment. In 5 weeks, blood glucose was determined. After the apomorphines experiment, the rats were killed, blood taken from the vein, homogenate prepared from the isolated testis tissue and the level of NO and NOS in the serum and tissue homogenate surveyed, separately.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, serum NO and NOS of the diabetic rats dropped sharply. Compared with the non-treatment group, the serum NO and NOS of the super painkiller treatment group were very high and the difference was significant (P < 0.01). Apomorphine injection showed that the times of penis erection of the treated rats were more than those of the non-treatment group (P < 0.01) , but the difference was not significant compared with the control (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Super painkiller has sure effect of reducing blood glucose, with a certain curative value for sexual and reproductive malfunction of diabetic rats.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Nitric Oxide , Nitric Oxide Synthase , Rats, Wistar , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
AIM: To study the cell apoptosis and the change of microstructure and ultrastructure in epididymis with experimental varicocele (EVC) in rats. METHODS: Experimental varicocele model was induced by partial ligation of the left renal vein in adolescent Sprague-Dawley Wistar rats. Apoptotic cells were detected by in situ terminal deoxynucleotityl transferase-mediated dTUP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. The corpus epididymis of the rats was prepared for light and electron microscopic observation. The microstructure and ultrastructure of the epididymis were studied. RESULTS: There was certain proportion of apoptosis cells in epididymis cells in control rats. The incidence of apoptosis increased remarkably in experimental group than that in control group (P
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AIM: The cytoplasm Ca 2+, expression of Bcl-2 and Bax and germ cell apoptosis of testes in adult male rats with varicocele were observed to investigate the relationship between apoptosis and infertility. METHODS: Thirty-five healthy male Wistar rats were divided into two groups randomly: varicocele group (VG, n=20) and sham operation group (SOG, n=15). Bilateral testes were removed after ten weeks. One part of it was homogenized, the other part was performed for tissue sectioning. The atomic absorption method was used to detect the cytoplasm Ca 2+. The germ cell apoptosis was detected by the TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. The expression of Bcl-2/Bax was detected by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: The cytoplasm Ca 2+ in testes of rats with varicocele was decreased obviously. The apoptosis indexes of germ cells and Bax expression in VG were significantly increased as compared with those in the SOG, while Bcl-2 expression was obviously decreased. CONCLUSION: The results showed that apoptosis was increased in testes of VG rats, suggesting that male infertility with varicocele may be caused by some apoptosis agents such as high temperature, testes toxin and oxygen free radical. The cytoplasm Ca 2+ and change of expression of Bcl-2/Bax may contribute to germ cell apoptosis and cause male infertility.
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AIM: To observe the effect of ischemic preconditioning on contents of cytochrome C and mitochondrial calcium in rats after focal cerebral ischemic-reperfusion. METHODS: Focal cerebral ischemic model was made by occlusion of right middle artery in Wistar rats (ischemia for 2 h and reperfusion for 4 h). Rats were randomly divided into three groups: ischemia pretreatment, model and sham operation. Rats in ischemic pretreatment group were undergone transient ischemic preconditioning (30 min) and reperfusion (72 h). The contents of cytochrome C were measured according to Zhangjuntian's improved methods. The contents of mitochondrial calcium were detected by flame atom absorption. RESULTS: The contents of mitochondrial cytochrome C and calcium in model group were significantly lower than those in sham operation (P