Effects of Glucocorticoid on Apoptosis of Human Bone Marrow Osteogenic Stromal Cells / 대한내분비학회지

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is one of the most serious side effects of long-term glucocorticoid therapy, but the mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced bone loss remains poorly defined. Glucocorticoid induces decreased bone formation and death of isolated segments of bone (osteonecrosis) suggesting that glucocorticoid excess may affect the birth or death rate of bone cells and thereby reduce their numbers. It has been known that reduction in bone formation is due to reduced proliferation in osteoblast precursor cells and reduced matrix synthesis in mature osteoblast. Here, we present evidence for dexamethasone-induced apoptosis on human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC). To understand the mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, we investigated the effects of glucocorticoid on primary cultured hBMSC. METHEODS: Treatment with dexamethasone at the concentration of 10-9 M for 3~5 days significantly decreased cleavage tetrazolium salt WST-1 level/concentration by mitochondrial dehydrogenase in viable cells. Greater decrease was observed with higher concentration of dexamethasone (10-7 M, and 10-5 M). Apoptosis was measured by annexin V binding/propidium iodide using fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis and nuclear morphology stained with the fluorescence dye, Hoechst 33342. RESULTS: The level/concentration of apoptotic hBMSC (annexin V positive / PI negative) was increased with 10-9 M dexamethasone (1.2% to 5.3%) and further increased with 10-7 M, and 10-5 M concentration (11.7% and 12.5%, respectively). The same result was observed with Hoechst 33342 staining. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that glucocorticoid induces apoptosis on osteoblast precursor cell, hBMSC, and may contribute to decrease bone formation

A Case of Mucinous Adenocarcinoma with Characteristic Colonoscopic Findings / 대한소화기내시경학회지

We report a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma in the ascending colon. A 55-year-old woman was admitted to Asan Medical Center due to right lower quadrant abdominal pain. On physical examination, an approximately 5X5 cm sized tender mass was palpated in the right lower quadrant. Colonoscopy revealed a fungating mass covered with gelatinous, yellow-whitish mucoid material in the ascending colon. Abdominal computed tomography showed irregular wall thickening from ileocecal valve to mid ascending colon with pericolic fat thickening. She underwent right hemicolectomy and surgical specimen revealed well differentiated tubulopapillary adenocarcinoma with mucinous background consistent with mucinous adenocarcinoma.

An Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumors (IPMT) of the Pancreas: Clinical, Radiologie, and Pathologie Findings Acccrding to Its Subtypes / 대한소화기내시경학회지

BACKGRONDS/AIMS: Patients with a branch duct type intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) of the pancreas with hyperplasia are suggested to be followed up without resection. The aims of this study were to compare the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings among the subtypes of IPMT and to find the factors that could predict a hyperplastic lesion preoperatively. METHODS: Twenty two patients with IPMT of the pancreas who underwent surgical resection were investigated. The subtypes of IPMT were classified into the main duct type (7 patients), branch duct type (6 patients), and combined type (9 patients) based on the pathologic findings of the surgical specimens. The clinical, radirologic, and pathoiogic findings of each subtype were analyzed. RESULTS: Asymptomatic patients were more common in the branch duct type of IPMT (p=0.01). The diameter of the main pancreatic duct was <7 mm in most of the branch duet types of IPMT (5/6). Hyperplastic lesions were more likely to be the branch ciuct type (5/6, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A hyperplastic lesion can be predicted if a lesion is the branch duct type of IPMT with the diameter of the main pancreatic duct < 7 mm and without symptoms. Therefore, IPMT of the pancreas with these findings can be followed up without an operation.