ABSTRACT
With the widespread adoption of advanced tourniquets, the mortality rate of limb wound hemorrhage has decreased significantly, and non-compressible torso hemorrhage has gradually occupied the leading position of potentially preventable death, both in military and civilian circumstances. With the emergence of novel hemostatic devices and materials, strategies for the management of non-compressible torso hemorrhage have changed significantly. This review summarizes the current treatment strategies and types of equipment for non-compressible torso hemorrhage and suggests future research directions, hoping to provide a comprehensive review for the medical personnel and researchers engaging in this field.
ABSTRACT
Orthodontic tooth movement is a dynamic process, which includes bone resorption on the pressure side and osteogenesis on the tension side. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which are force-sensitive cells, have potentials for differentiation into cells with various types. Their biological characteristics can change functionally according to the appropriate stimulation in vitro, in order to reach the optimal demand of the stimulation. Many signal pathways are involved in osteogenesis. Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor, mediating cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis and cellular immunity. It has been reported that STAT3 can regulate the differentiation process of BMSCs into osteoblasts. This paper summarizes the recent progress about effect of STAT3 on bone differentiation of BMSCs and the possible mechanism.
ABSTRACT
Orthodontic tooth movement is a dynamic process,which includes bone resorption on the pressure side and osteogenesis on the tension side.Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs),which are force-sensitive cells,have potentials for differentiation into cells with various types.Their biological characteristics can change functionally according to the appropriate stimulation in vitro,in order to reach the optimal demand of the stimulation.Many signal pathways are involved in osteogenesis.Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor,mediating cell proliferation,differentiation,survival,apoptosis and cellular immunity.It has been reported that STAT3 can regulate the differentiation process of BMSCs into osteoblasts.This paper summarizes the recent progress about effect of STAT3 on bone differentiation of BMSCs and the possible mechanism.
ABSTRACT
Orthodontic tooth movement is a dynamic process,which includes bone resorption on the pressure side and osteogenesis on the tension side.Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs),which are force-sensitive cells,have potentials for differentiation into cells with various types.Their biological characteristics can change functionally according to the appropriate stimulation in vitro,in order to reach the optimal demand of the stimulation.Many signal pathways are involved in osteogenesis.Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor,mediating cell proliferation,differentiation,survival,apoptosis and cellular immunity.It has been reported that STAT3 can regulate the differentiation process of BMSCs into osteoblasts.This paper summarizes the recent progress about effect of STAT3 on bone differentiation of BMSCs and the possible mechanism.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the remodeling of alveolar bone and change in expression of forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rat, so as to preliminarily investigate the role of FOXO1 in alveolar bone remodeling induced by orthodontic force. Methods The rat OTM models were established and the left maxillary 1st molars were moved with force of 50 g. The rats were executed on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day of OTM, respectively. HE staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the remodeling of alveolar bone in the inter-radicular region of the 1st molars and expression of FOXO1 at different time points during OTM. Results The 1st molars were constantly moved mesially under orthodontic force. There were more osteoclasts in the alveolar bone of OTM group than that in non-OTM group, and the osteoclasts on the 3rd day of OTM showed the highest activity. The number of active osteoblasts gradually increased in the inter-radicular region of alveolar bone under orthodontic force, with the enhanced osteoblast activity. Expression of FOXO1 in OTM group was elevated compared with non-OTM group. Most osteoblasts in alveolar bone during OTM were FOXO1 positive, and the expression of FOXO1 was gradually increased with the number of osteoblasts increasing. Conclusions Orthodontic force induces bone remodeling of alveolar bone in the inter-radicular region during OTM, and the change in FOXO1 expression may be related to alveolar bone remodeling during OTM.